Effect of Smoking-Related Visual and Auditory Stimuli on Attention Bias in Young People Who Smoke

Abstract

Attentional bias is the tendency to prioritize the process of detecting and processing certain stimuli that are crucial to the organism. It is known that people who smoke develop a bias towards smoking-related cues, and these cues are effective in cases of relapse and craving. For this reason, the aim of the study is to examine the attention processes of young people who smoke and non-smoke and whether a potential attention bias may exist. In this context, data was collected from 70 university students between the ages of 18 and 25 who made up the sample of the study using various tools. The responses of the participants, the number of correct responses and reaction times for correct response, 2 (Group: Smokers and Non-smokers) x 2 (Stimulus Relationship Status: Unrelated to Smoking, Related to Smoking) x 2 (Stimulus Type: Visual, Auditory) were analyzed by two-factor repeated measures ANOVA. According to the results, smokers responded more accurately when faced with smoking-related stimuli than non-smokers, and their response time was shorter. However, when they faced with stimuli that unrelated to smoking, on the contrary, they gave fewer correct responses than non-smokers and their response time was longer.

Keywords

• Attention
• Attentional Bias
• Smoking
• Visual-Auditory-Stimuli

Sigara Kullanan Gençlerde Sigara ile İlişkili Görsel ve İşitsel Uyaranların Dikkat Yanlılığı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Abstract

Dikkat yanlılığı, organizma için önemli olan belirli uyarıcıların, saptanması ve işlenmesi sürecine öncelik verilmesi eğilimidir. Sigara kullanan kişilerin, sigara ile ilişkili ipuçlarına yönelik bir yanlılık geliştirdiği, nüksetme ve aşerme durumlarında bu ipuçlarının etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu sebeple çalışmanın amacı, sigara kullanan ve sigara kullanmayan gençlerin dikkat süreçlerinin ve potansiyel bir dikkat yanlılığının var olup olmayacağının incelenmesidir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturan 18-25 yaş arasındaki 70 üniversite öğrencisinden çeşitli araçlar kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların yanıtları, doğru tepki sayısı ve doğru yanıtlara ilişkin tepki süreleri, 2 (Grup: Sigara Kullanan ve Sigara Kullanmayan) x 2 (Uyaranın İlişki Durumu: Sigara ile İlişkili, Sigara ile İlişkisiz) x 2 (Uyaranın Türü: Görsel, İşitsel) son iki faktörde tekrar ölçümlü ANOVA ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgulara göre sigara kullananlar, sigara kullanmayanlara göre sigara ile ilişkili uyaranlar ile karşılaştığında daha fazla sayıda doğru yanıt vermiş ve tepki süreleri daha kısa olmuştur. Ancak sigara ile ilişkisiz uyaranlar ile karşılaştığında tam tersi şekilde sigara kullanmayanlara göre daha az sayıda doğru yanıt vermiş ve tepki süreleri daha uzun olmuştur. Bulgular, dikkat yanlılığı, modalite ve ilgili alanyazına göre tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

• Dikkat
• Dikkat yanlılığı
• Sigara Kullanımı
• Görsel-işitsel uyaranlar

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