Outsider to Insider: The Art of the Socially Excluded

Year 2020, Issue: 24, 141 - 149, 24.07.2020

Burcu Kartal

https://doi.org/10.17484/yedi.649932

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The term outsider art was coined by the art historian Roger Cardinal in 1972. Outsider art includes the art of the ‘unquiet minds,’ self-taught and non-academic work. Outsider art is not a movement like Cubism or Expressionism with guidelines and traditions, rather it is a reflection of the social and mental status of the artist. The classification relies more on the artist than the art. Due to such characteristics of the term, like wide range of freedom and urge to create, social discrimination, creating without the intention of profit, people with Autism Spectrum Disorder also considered as Outsiders. However, not all people with Autism Spectrum Disorder has the skillset to be an artist. This paper focuses on the similarities of the outsider artists and savant artists while focusing on the work and life of Richard Wawro.

Keywords

Autism spectrum disorder, savant syndrome, outsider art, art brut, social exclusion

Dışarıdan İçeriye: Sosyal Dışlanmışların Sanatı

Abstract

Toplum dışı sanat olarak da tanımlanan Outsider Art terimi ilk kez 1972 yılında Roger Cardinal tarafından kullanılmıştır. Toplum dışı sanat, akademik eğitim almamış, kendisini bu alanda geliştirmiş, toplumun ‘normal’ olarak sınıflandırdığı grubun dışında kalan bireylerin yaptığı sanattır. Toplum dışı sanatın, kübizm veya dışavurumculuk gibi belirli kuralları, çizgisi yoktur; sanatçının akli ve sosyal statüsü üzerinden sınıflandırılır. Bu nedenle toplum dışı sanat sınıflandırması sanat değil sanatçı üzerindendir. Toplum dışı sanatın ana özellikleri içerisinde önüne geçilemez yaratma isteği, sosyal dışlanma, kazanç sağlama hedefi olmadan üretme olduğu düşünüldüğünde otizmli bireylerin de bu gruba dahil oldukları görülmektedir. Elbette her otizmli birey sanatçı olarak adlandırılacak kriterlere sahip değildir. Bu derleme, Richard Wawro’nun çalışmaları ve hayatı üzerine odaklarınken, toplum dışı sanat ve savant sendromlu sanatçılar arasındaki benzerliği incelemektedir.

Keywords

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu, savant sendromu, art brut, dış sanat, sosyal dışlanma

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