The Relationship Between Macronutrients, Anthropometric Measurements and Biochemical Parameters of Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

Giriş: Adölesanlarda obezite sıklığının artması ile birlikte ülkemizde metabolik sendrom prevelansında artış görülmektedir. Amaç: Metabolik sendrom tanısı almış adölesanların beslenme durumlarını, antropometrik ölçümlerini ve biyokimyasal parametrelerini sağlıklı yaşıtları ike karşılaştırmaktır. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya İstanbul ilinde yaşayan 14-18 yaş arası 40 metabolik sendromlu ve 40 sağlıklı adölesan dahil edildi. Demografik bilgileri içeren bir anket formu uygulandı. Vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel çevresi ölçüldü ve beslenme durumlarını belirlemek için araştırmacı tarafından geriye dönük 24 saatlik besin tüketim kaydı alındı. Hastane kayıtlarından, metabolik sendromla ilişkili glukoz, insülin, trigliserit, total kolesterol, HDL kolesterol, AST, ALT, kan basıncı değerleri kaydedildi. Bulgular: Metabolik sendromlu adölesanlarda vücut ağırlığı, BKİ, bel çevresi ölçümleri ve glukoz, insülin, trigliserit, total ve HDL kolesterol, AST, ALT gibi biyokimyasal parametreler sağlıklı yaşıtlarına göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Besin tüketim kayıtları incelendiğinde metabolik sendromlu adölesanların karbonhidrat (%), lif (g) alımları sağlıklı yaşıtlarına göre daha yüksek, yağ (%) düşüktür (p<0.01). Yağ (g) alımı ile antropometrik ölçümlerden VKİ, biyokimyasal parametrelerden glukoz arasında pozitif korelasyon bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Toplam enerjinin karbonhidrattan gelen oranı arttıkça ALT, AST düzeyleri artmaktadır (p<0.05). Sonuç: Metabolik sendromlu ergenlerin sağlıklı akranlarına kıyasla daha fazla miktarda enerji, karbonhidrat ve lif tükettiği, fakat daha yeterli ve dengeli bir günlük diyete sahip oldukları bulundu. Bu bulgular, özellikle daha genç yaş grupları için erken müdahale stratejilerinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

• Metabolik sendrom
• beslenme
• insülin direnci
• obezite

Metabolik Sendromlu Ergenlerde Makro Besin Öğeleri, Antropometrik Ölçümler ve Biyokimyasal Parametreler Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Background: With the increasing prevalence of obesity in adolescents, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing in our country. Objective: To compare the nutritional status, anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters of adolescents diagnosed with metabolic syndrome with their healthy peers. Methods: The study included 40 adolescents with metabolic syndrome, 40 healthy adolescents aged 14-18 years living in Istanbul. A questionnaire including demographic information was applied. Body weight, height, and waist circumference were measured and a retrospective 24-hour dietary recal was taken by the researcher to determine their nutritional status. Glucose, insulin, triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, AST, ALT, blood pressure values associated with metabolic syndrome were recorded from hospital records. Results: Body weight, BMI, waist circumference measurements and biochemical parameters including glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, AST, ALT were found to be higher in adolescents with metabolic syndrome compared to their healthy peers (p<0.01). When food consumption records were examined, carbohydrate (%) and fiber (g) intakes of adolescents with metabolic syndrome were higher and fat (%) was lower (p<0.01). Positive correlation was found between fat (g) intake and BMI among anthropometric measurements and glucose among biochemical parameters (p<0.05). ALT and AST levels increased as the proportion of total energy coming from carbohydrate increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: Adolescents with metabolic syndrome were found to consume higher amounts of energy, carbohydrates and fiber, but had a more adequate and balanced daily diet compared to their healthy peers. These findings emphasize the importance of early intervention strategies, especially for younger age groups.

Keywords

• Metabolic syndrome
• nutrition
• insulin resistance
• obesity

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