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“Turizm Sektörünün Türkiye’nin Ekonomik Büyümesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: VAR Analizi Yaklaşımı

Year 2006, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 137 - 150, 01.06.2006

Abstract

References

  • BAHAR, O. ve KOZAK, M. (2005) Uluslararası Turizm ve Rekabet Edebilirlik, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • BALAGUER, J. ve JORDA, M.C. (2002) Tourism as a Long-run Economic Growth Factor: the Spanish Case, Applied Economics, 34, 877-884.
  • BALASSA, B. (1988) The Lessons of East Asian Development: an Overview, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 36, 273-290.
  • BRITTON, S.G. (1982) The Political Economy of Tourism in the Third World, Annals of Tourism Research, 9, 331-358.
  • BROHMAN, J. (1996) New Directions in Tourism for Third World Development, Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 48-70.
  • CHO, V. (2003) A Comparison of Three Different Approaches to Tourist Arrival Forecasting, Tourism Management, 24, 323-330.
  • COPELAND, B.R. (1991) Tourism, Welfare and De-industrialization in a Small Open Economy, Economica, 58, November, 515-529.
  • CROES, R.R. (2006) A Paradigm Shift to a New Strategy for Small Island Economies: Embracing Demand Side Economics for Value Enhancement and Long Term Economic Stability, Tourism Management, (Article in Press).
  • CROUCH, G.I. ve RITCHIE, J.R.B. (1999) Tourism, Competitiveness and Societal Prosperity, Journal of Business Reseacrh, 44, 137-152.
  • DIAMOND, J. (1977) Tourism’s Role in Economic Development: the Case Reexamined, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 25 (3), 539-553.
  • DURBARRY, R. (2002) The Economic Contribution of Tourism in Mauritius, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (3), 862-865.
  • DURBARRY, R. (2004) Tourism and Economic Growth: the Case of Mauritius, Tourism Economics, 10, 389-401.
  • ENGLE, R. ve GRANGER, J. (1987) Cointegration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation and Testing, Econometrica, 50, 987-1007.
  • GHATAK, S., MILNER, C. ve UTKULU, U. (1997) Exports, Export Composition and Growth: Cointegration and Causality Evidence for Malaysia, Applied Economics, 29, 213-223.
  • GÖKOVALI, U. ve BAHAR, O. (2006) Contribution of Tourism to Economic Growth: A Panel Data Approach, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, (Makale Baskıda).
  • GÖYMEN, K. (2000) Tourism and Governance in Turkey, Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (4), 1025-1048.
  • GRANGER, C. W. J. (1969) Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods, Econometrica, 37, 553-560.
  • GREENE, W.H. (1993) Econometric Analiysis, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall.
  • HAO, J., VAR, T. ve CHON, J. (2003) A Forecasting Model of Tourist Arrivals From Major Markets to Thailand, Tourism Analysis, 8, 33-45.
  • HAZARI, B.R. ve NG, A. (1993) An Analysis of Tourists’ Consumption of Non-traded Goods and Services on the Welfare of the Domestic Consumers, International Review of Economics and Finance, 2, 3-58.
  • HAZARI, B.R. ve SGRO, P.M. (1995) Tourism and Growth in a Dynamic Model of Trade, The Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 4 (2), 243-252.
  • ISLAM, M.N. (1998) Export Expansion and Economic Growth: Testing for Cointegration and Causality, Applied Economics, 30, 415-425.
  • KIRBAŞ-KASMAN, S. ve KASMAN, A. (2004) Turizm Gelirleri ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki Eşbütünleşme ve Nedensellik İlişkisi, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, Sayı 220, 122- 131.
  • KULENDRAN, N. ve WILSON, K. (2000) Is There a Relationship Between International Trade and International Travel, Applied Economics, 32, 1001-1009.
  • KUTLAR, A. (2000) Ekonometrik Zaman Serileri, Ankara: Gazi Kitapevi.
  • MARCOUİLLER, D.W., KİM, K.K. ve DELLER, S.C. (2004) Natural Amenities, Tourism and Income Distribution, Annals of Tourism Research, 31(4), 1031-1050
  • MARTIN, J.L., MORALES, N.M. ve SCARPA, R. (2004) Tourism and Economic Growth in Latin American Countries: a Panel Data Approach, http: //www. feem. it/ Feem /Pub /Publications/WPapers/default.htm. 27.04.2005.
  • MCKINNON, T. (1964) Foreign Exchange Constraint in Economic Development and Efficient Aid Allocation, Economic Journal, 74, 388-409.
  • MODESTE, N.C. (1995) The Impact of Growth in the Tourism Sector on Economic Development: the Experience of Selected Caribbean Countries. Economia Internazionale, 48, 375- 385.
  • NOWAK, J., SAHLI, M. ve SGRO, P.M. (2004) Tourism, Trade and Domestic Welfare, http: //www. feem.it/Feem/Pub/Publications/WPapers/default.htm. 27.04.2005.
  • OH, C. (2005) The Contribution of Tourism Development to Economic Growth in the Korean Economy, Tourism Management, 26, 39-44.
  • ÖZGEN, F.B. ve GÜLOĞLU, B. (2004) Türkiye’de İç Borçların İktisadî Etkilerinin VAR Tekniğiyle Analizi, METU Studies in Development, 31 (Haziran), 93-114.
  • PAPATHEODOROU, A. (1999) The Demand for International Tourism in the Mediterranean Region, Applied Economics, 31, 619-630.
  • PIZAM, A. (1999) Life and Tourism in the Year 2050, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 18, 331-343.
  • SECKELMANN, A. (2002) Domestic Tourism- a Chance for Regional Development in Turkey?, Tourism Management, 23, 85-92.
  • SHAN, J. ve SUN, F. (1998) On the Export-led Growth Hypothesis: the Econometric Evidence from China, Applied Economics, 30, 1055-1065.
  • SHAN, J. ve WILSON, K. (2001) Causality between Trade and Tourism: Empirical Evidence from China, Applied Economics Letters, 8, 279-283.
  • SHARPLEY, R. (2002) The Challenges of Economic Diversification Through Tourism: the Case of Abu Dhabi, The International Journal of Tourism Research, 4 (3), May/June, 221-235.
  • THEOBALD, W. F. (2001) Global Tourism, Oxford: Butterworth&Heinemann, Second Edition.
  • TOSUN, C. (1999) An Analysis of the Economic Contribution of Inbound International Tourism in Turkey, Tourism Economics, 5 (3), 217-250.
  • TOSUN, C. (2001) Challenges of Sustainable Tourism Development in the Developing World: The Case of Turkey, Tourism Management, 22, 289-303.
  • TOSUN, C., TIMOTHY, D.J. ve ÖZTÜRK, Y. (2003) Tourism Growth, National Development and Regional Inequality in Turkey, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11, 133-161.
  • VANEGAS, M. ve CROES, R.R. (2003) Growth, Development and Tourism in a Small Economy: Evidence from Aruba, The International Journal of Tourism Research, 5 (5), September/October, 315-330.
  • YILDIRIM, J. ve ÖCAL, N. (2004) Tourism and Economic Growth in Turkey, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 15 (52-53), 131-141.
  • WTO (2004), Tourism Highlights, World Tourism Organization, Madrid. www.turizm.gov.tr www.tcmb.gov.tr

Turizm Sektörünün Türkiye’nin Ekonomik Büyümesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: VAR Analizi Yaklaşımı

Year 2006, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 137 - 150, 01.06.2006

Abstract

Bir hizmet sektörü olan turizmin, tüm dünya genelinde çok büyük bir hızla gelişme gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bugün, tüm dünya hizmet ticaretinin yaklaşık %30’unu turizm sektörü tek başına oluşturmaktadır. Turizm bir sektörler kesiti olduğu için, diğer bir deyişle bünyesinde irili ufaklı birçok hizmet sektörünü barındırdığı için, ülke ekonomilerine katkısı tam olarak hesaplanamamaktadır. Bununla birlikte, ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde konuya ilişkin olarak yapılan teorik ve ampirik çalışmalardan, turizmin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumlu bir etkisi olduğu da anlaşılmaktadır. Buradan hareketle, bir turizm ülkesi olan Türkiye’de Heckscher ve Ohlin teorisine de uygun olarak, turizmin özellikle 1980 sonrası hızlı bir şekilde geliştiği ve uluslararası turizm sektöründe rekabetçi bir üstünlük elde edilmeye çalışıldığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, turizm ve ekonomik büyüme arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olup olmadığını test etmek ve bu sektörün ekonomik büyümeye ilişkin olası katkısını ortaya koymaktır. Böylece, 1963–2004 yılları arasındaki turizm gelirleri ile GSMH’dan oluşan değişkenlere ait zaman serisi, VAR modeli kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen ampirik sonuçlar, turizmin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde olumlu bir etki meydana getirdiğini ve yapılan eş bütünleşme testine göre de, her iki değişken arasında uzun dönemde karşılıklı bir ilişkinin bulunduğunu göstermektedir

References

  • BAHAR, O. ve KOZAK, M. (2005) Uluslararası Turizm ve Rekabet Edebilirlik, Detay Yayıncılık, Ankara.
  • BALAGUER, J. ve JORDA, M.C. (2002) Tourism as a Long-run Economic Growth Factor: the Spanish Case, Applied Economics, 34, 877-884.
  • BALASSA, B. (1988) The Lessons of East Asian Development: an Overview, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 36, 273-290.
  • BRITTON, S.G. (1982) The Political Economy of Tourism in the Third World, Annals of Tourism Research, 9, 331-358.
  • BROHMAN, J. (1996) New Directions in Tourism for Third World Development, Annals of Tourism Research, 23, 48-70.
  • CHO, V. (2003) A Comparison of Three Different Approaches to Tourist Arrival Forecasting, Tourism Management, 24, 323-330.
  • COPELAND, B.R. (1991) Tourism, Welfare and De-industrialization in a Small Open Economy, Economica, 58, November, 515-529.
  • CROES, R.R. (2006) A Paradigm Shift to a New Strategy for Small Island Economies: Embracing Demand Side Economics for Value Enhancement and Long Term Economic Stability, Tourism Management, (Article in Press).
  • CROUCH, G.I. ve RITCHIE, J.R.B. (1999) Tourism, Competitiveness and Societal Prosperity, Journal of Business Reseacrh, 44, 137-152.
  • DIAMOND, J. (1977) Tourism’s Role in Economic Development: the Case Reexamined, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 25 (3), 539-553.
  • DURBARRY, R. (2002) The Economic Contribution of Tourism in Mauritius, Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (3), 862-865.
  • DURBARRY, R. (2004) Tourism and Economic Growth: the Case of Mauritius, Tourism Economics, 10, 389-401.
  • ENGLE, R. ve GRANGER, J. (1987) Cointegration and Error Correction: Representation, Estimation and Testing, Econometrica, 50, 987-1007.
  • GHATAK, S., MILNER, C. ve UTKULU, U. (1997) Exports, Export Composition and Growth: Cointegration and Causality Evidence for Malaysia, Applied Economics, 29, 213-223.
  • GÖKOVALI, U. ve BAHAR, O. (2006) Contribution of Tourism to Economic Growth: A Panel Data Approach, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, (Makale Baskıda).
  • GÖYMEN, K. (2000) Tourism and Governance in Turkey, Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (4), 1025-1048.
  • GRANGER, C. W. J. (1969) Investigating Causal Relations by Econometric Models and Cross-Spectral Methods, Econometrica, 37, 553-560.
  • GREENE, W.H. (1993) Econometric Analiysis, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall.
  • HAO, J., VAR, T. ve CHON, J. (2003) A Forecasting Model of Tourist Arrivals From Major Markets to Thailand, Tourism Analysis, 8, 33-45.
  • HAZARI, B.R. ve NG, A. (1993) An Analysis of Tourists’ Consumption of Non-traded Goods and Services on the Welfare of the Domestic Consumers, International Review of Economics and Finance, 2, 3-58.
  • HAZARI, B.R. ve SGRO, P.M. (1995) Tourism and Growth in a Dynamic Model of Trade, The Journal of International Trade and Economic Development, 4 (2), 243-252.
  • ISLAM, M.N. (1998) Export Expansion and Economic Growth: Testing for Cointegration and Causality, Applied Economics, 30, 415-425.
  • KIRBAŞ-KASMAN, S. ve KASMAN, A. (2004) Turizm Gelirleri ve Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki Eşbütünleşme ve Nedensellik İlişkisi, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, Sayı 220, 122- 131.
  • KULENDRAN, N. ve WILSON, K. (2000) Is There a Relationship Between International Trade and International Travel, Applied Economics, 32, 1001-1009.
  • KUTLAR, A. (2000) Ekonometrik Zaman Serileri, Ankara: Gazi Kitapevi.
  • MARCOUİLLER, D.W., KİM, K.K. ve DELLER, S.C. (2004) Natural Amenities, Tourism and Income Distribution, Annals of Tourism Research, 31(4), 1031-1050
  • MARTIN, J.L., MORALES, N.M. ve SCARPA, R. (2004) Tourism and Economic Growth in Latin American Countries: a Panel Data Approach, http: //www. feem. it/ Feem /Pub /Publications/WPapers/default.htm. 27.04.2005.
  • MCKINNON, T. (1964) Foreign Exchange Constraint in Economic Development and Efficient Aid Allocation, Economic Journal, 74, 388-409.
  • MODESTE, N.C. (1995) The Impact of Growth in the Tourism Sector on Economic Development: the Experience of Selected Caribbean Countries. Economia Internazionale, 48, 375- 385.
  • NOWAK, J., SAHLI, M. ve SGRO, P.M. (2004) Tourism, Trade and Domestic Welfare, http: //www. feem.it/Feem/Pub/Publications/WPapers/default.htm. 27.04.2005.
  • OH, C. (2005) The Contribution of Tourism Development to Economic Growth in the Korean Economy, Tourism Management, 26, 39-44.
  • ÖZGEN, F.B. ve GÜLOĞLU, B. (2004) Türkiye’de İç Borçların İktisadî Etkilerinin VAR Tekniğiyle Analizi, METU Studies in Development, 31 (Haziran), 93-114.
  • PAPATHEODOROU, A. (1999) The Demand for International Tourism in the Mediterranean Region, Applied Economics, 31, 619-630.
  • PIZAM, A. (1999) Life and Tourism in the Year 2050, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 18, 331-343.
  • SECKELMANN, A. (2002) Domestic Tourism- a Chance for Regional Development in Turkey?, Tourism Management, 23, 85-92.
  • SHAN, J. ve SUN, F. (1998) On the Export-led Growth Hypothesis: the Econometric Evidence from China, Applied Economics, 30, 1055-1065.
  • SHAN, J. ve WILSON, K. (2001) Causality between Trade and Tourism: Empirical Evidence from China, Applied Economics Letters, 8, 279-283.
  • SHARPLEY, R. (2002) The Challenges of Economic Diversification Through Tourism: the Case of Abu Dhabi, The International Journal of Tourism Research, 4 (3), May/June, 221-235.
  • THEOBALD, W. F. (2001) Global Tourism, Oxford: Butterworth&Heinemann, Second Edition.
  • TOSUN, C. (1999) An Analysis of the Economic Contribution of Inbound International Tourism in Turkey, Tourism Economics, 5 (3), 217-250.
  • TOSUN, C. (2001) Challenges of Sustainable Tourism Development in the Developing World: The Case of Turkey, Tourism Management, 22, 289-303.
  • TOSUN, C., TIMOTHY, D.J. ve ÖZTÜRK, Y. (2003) Tourism Growth, National Development and Regional Inequality in Turkey, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11, 133-161.
  • VANEGAS, M. ve CROES, R.R. (2003) Growth, Development and Tourism in a Small Economy: Evidence from Aruba, The International Journal of Tourism Research, 5 (5), September/October, 315-330.
  • YILDIRIM, J. ve ÖCAL, N. (2004) Tourism and Economic Growth in Turkey, Ekonomik Yaklaşım, 15 (52-53), 131-141.
  • WTO (2004), Tourism Highlights, World Tourism Organization, Madrid. www.turizm.gov.tr www.tcmb.gov.tr
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ozan Bahar This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2006
Published in Issue Year 2006 Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bahar, O. (2006). Turizm Sektörünün Türkiye’nin Ekonomik Büyümesi Üzerindeki Etkisi: VAR Analizi Yaklaşımı. Journal of Management and Economics, 13(2), 137-150.