İş Ve Aile Yaşamı Dengesi (zliği)nin Kadın Çalışanlar Üzerindeki Etkileri

Year 2016, Volume: 23 Issue: 1, 217 - 231, 15.04.2016

Seda Topgül

https://doi.org/10.18657/yecbu.64152

Cited By: 5

Abstract

İş ve aile yaşamı dengesi son dönemlerde dikkat çeken konulardan biridir. Kişinin iş ve aile alanlarından kaynaklanan taleplerin uyumsuz olması sonucunda sadece kişisel olarak değil aynı zamanda toplumu etkilemesi nedeniyle konu daha çok önem kazanmıştır. Kadınlar hem evdeki sorumluluklarını hem de iş yerindeki görev ve sorumluluklarını dengelemek konusunda sıkıntılar yaşamaktadırlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı yoğun çalışma saatlerine sahip olan çeşitli kademelerdeki banka çalışanı kadınların bakış açısından, iş ve aile yaşamı arasındaki dengeyi sağlama çabalarını incelemektir. Bu amaçla altı banka çalışanı kadın ile yarı yapılandırılmış soruları içeren derinlemesine mülakatlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Böylece bankacılık sektörü açısından, çalışan kadınların iş ve aile yaşamı dengeleri analiz edilerek, dengeyi sağlamak yönündeki çabaları ortaya konmuştur.

Sonuç olarak, banka çalışanlarının maddi anlamda ve kariyer anlamında tatmin olması meslekten tatmini beraberinde getirmektedir. İş ve aile yaşamı dengesi konusunda zaman zaman uzayan iş saatleri sıkıntı olabilmektedir. Küçük çocukların bakımı hususunda ise akrabaların desteği kadınlar açısından iş ve aile dengesi sağlamada önemli rol oynamaktadır.

Keywords

İş Yaşamı, Aile Yaşamı, İş ve Aile Yaşamı Dengesi, Toplumsal Cinsiyet

References

• Adams, G. A., King, L. A. ve King, D. W. (1996). Relationships of job and family involvement, family social support, and work–family conflict with job and life satisfaction. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 411–420.
• Agosti, M. T., Andersson, I. , Ejlertsson, G. ve Janlöv, A. (2015). Shift Work The Balance Everyday Life- A Salutogenic Nursing Perspective In Home Help Service In Sweden. BMC Nursing, 14(1), 55-77.
• Albertsen, K., Persson, R., Garde, A. H., ve Rugulies, R. (2010). Psychosocial determinants of work-to-family conflict among knowledge workers with boundary-less work. Applied Psychology: Health and WellBeing, 2(2), 160–181.
• Allvin, M. (2008). New rules of work: Exploring the boundary-less job. Katharina Naswall, Johnny Hellgren ve Magnus Sverke (Ed.), The individual in the changing working life (s.19-45). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Barnett, R. C., Rivers, C. (1996). SheWorks/HeWorks: How two-income families are happier, healthier, and better-off. New York: HarperCollins.
• Beham, B., Prag, P., ve Drobnic, S. (2012). Who’s Got The Balance? A Study of Satisfaction With the Work-Family Balance Among Part-Time Service Sector Employees in Five Western European Countries. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23, 3725– 3741.
• Beutell, N. J., Wittig-Berma, U. (1999). Predictors of work–family conflict and satisfaction with family, job, career, and life. Psychological Reports, 85(3), 893–903.
• Bourne, K. A., Wilson, F., Lester, S. W. ve Kickul, J. (2009). Embracing the whole individual: advantages of a dual-centric perspective of work and life. Business Horizons, 52, 387–98.
• Burke, R. J. (1988). Some antecedents and consequences for work-family conflict. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 3, 287-302.
• Burke, R. J., Greenglass, E. R. (1999). Work-family conflict, spouse support, and nursing staff well- being during organizational restructuring. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4, 327-336.
• Burke, R. J., Greenglass, E. R. (2001). Hospital restructuring, work–family conflict and burnout among nursing staff. Psychology and Health, 16, 583–594.
• Clark, S. C. (2000). Work/family border theory: A new theory of work/family balance. Human Relations, 53(6), 747–770.
• Coşkuner, S., Şener, A. (2013). Akademisyenlerin İş ve Aile Karakteristiklerinin Evlilik, Aile ve Yaşam Tatmini İle İlişkisi: İş ve Aile Çatışmasının Aracı Rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyolojik http://www.sdergi.hacettepe.edu.tr/makaleler/AKADEMISYENLERIN_IS_VE_AILE_A LANI_KASIM2013.pdf, (20.06.2015). E-Dergisi,
• Çarıkçı, İ. H., Çelikkol, Ö. (2009). İş-Aile Çatışmasının Örgütsel Bağlılık ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisi. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, Sayi, 9.
• Den Dulk, L., De Ruijter, J. (2008). Managing Work-Life Policies: Disruption Versus Dependency Arguments, Explaining Managerial Attitudes Towards Employee Utilization of Work-Life Policies. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19, 1222– 1236.
• Duxbury, L., Higgins, C. (2001). Work-Life Balance in the New Millennium: Where are we? Where do we need to go?. CPRN Discussion Paper, October 2001.
• Efeoğlu, İ. E. (2006). İş-Aile Yaşam Çatışmasının İş Stresi, İş Doyumu ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Üzerindeki Etkileri. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi) Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Adana.
• Frone, M. R., Russel, M., ve Cooper, M. L. (1997). Relation of work-family conflict to health outcomes: A four-year longitudinal study of employed parents. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70, 325-335.
• Frone, M., Yardley, J. K., ve Markel, K. S. (1997). Developing and testing an integrative model of the work– family interface. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 50(2), 145–167.
• Germain, B. F. (2014). Work-Life Balance and The Canadian Teaching Profession. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED546884.pdf (28.05.2015).
• Googins, B. K. (1991). Work/Family Conflicts: Private Lives-Public Response. New York: Auburn House.
• Grant-Vallone, E. J. ve Donaldson, S. I. (2001). Consequences of Work-Family Conflict on Employee Well-Being Over Time. Work and Stress, 15(3), 214-226.
• Greenhaus, J. H., Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of Conflict Between Work and Family Roles. Academy of Management Review, 10 (1): 76-88.
• Harcar, T. (2008). Strategic Role of Managers For The Utilization of Family-Friendly Workplace Policies: A Social Responsibility Perspective. Journal of Global Strategic Management, 4, 79-87.
• Hardy, I. (2010). Academic architectures: academic perceptions of teaching conditions in an Australian university. Studies in Higher Education, 35(4), 391–404.
• Higgins, C. A., Duxbury, L. E. ve Irving, R. H. (1992). Work-family conflict in the dual-career family. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 51, 51-75.
• Kapız, S. Ö. (2002). İş-Aile Yaşamı Dengesi ve Dengeye Yönelik Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Sınır Teorisi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 4(3), 139-153.
• Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude, and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(2), 285–306.
• Kossek, E. E., Ozeki, C. (1999). Bridging the work–family policy and productivity gap: A literature review. Community Work and Family, 2(1), 7–32.
• La Rossa, R. (2015). Superdads: How Fathers Balance Work and Family in the 21st Century. Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 44(2), 222-223.
• Mc Laughlin, K. ve Muldoon, O. (2014). Father Identity, Involvement adn Work-Family Balance: An In-depth Interview Study. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 24, 439-452.
• Munn, S. L.(2013). Unveiling the work–life system: the influence of work–life balance on meaningful work. Adv Dev Hum Resour. 15: 401–17.
• Netemeyer, R. G., Boles, J., Mc Murran, R. C. (1996). Development and validation of Work–family conflict and family-work conflict scales. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(4), 400–410.
• Nicholls, G. (2005). New lecturers’ constructions of learning, teaching and research in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 30(5), 611–625.
• Parasuraman, S., Purohit, Y. S., Godshalk, V. M. ve Beutell, N. J. (1996). Work and family variables, entrepreneurial career success, and psychological well-being. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48, 275–300.
• Pillay, S., Abhayawansa, S. (2014). Work–family balance: perspectives from higher education. High Education, 68, 669-690.
• Pichler, F. (2008). Determinants of Work-Life Balance: Shortcoming in the Contemporary Measurement of WLB in Large Scale Surveys. Social Indicators Research, 92 (3), 449- 469.
• Ryff , C. D., Singer, B. (2004). Interpersonal flourishing: a positive health agenda for the new millennium. Pers Soc Psychol. 4, 30–44.
• Schieman, S., Glavin, P. (2008). Trouble at the border? Gender, flexible work conditions, and the workhome interface. Social Problems, 55, 590–611.
• Schieman, S., Young, M. (2010). The demands of creative work: Implications for stress in the work– family interface. Social Science Research, 39, 246–259.
• Skyttner, L. (2001). General Systems Theory: Ideas and Applications, Singapore: World Scientific.
• Small, S. A., ve Riley, D. (1990). Toward a multidimensional assessment of work spillover into family life. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 52, 51-61.
• Stock, R. M., Bauer, E. M. ve Bieling, G. I. (2014). How do top executives handle their work and family life? A taxonomy of top executives' work–family balance. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(3), 1815-1840.
• Şişman, Y. ve Topgül, S. (2013). Polislerin İş ve Aile Yaşamı Arasında Dengenin Sağlanmasına İlişkin Görüşleri: Eskişehir İl Merkezinde Görevli Polisler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Tunceli Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2), 93-133.
• Thomas, L. T., Ganster, D. C. (1995). Impact of family-supportive work variables on Work–family conflict and strain: A control perspective. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(1), 6–15.
• Voydanoff, P. (2004). The Effects of Work Demands and Resources On Work-to-Family Conflict and Facilitation. Journal of Marriage and Family, 66, 398-412.
• Voydanoff, P. (2005). Toward a conceptualization of perceived work-family fit and balance: a demands and resources approach. J Marriage Fam., 67, 822–36.
• Voydanoff, P. (2007). Work, family, and community: Exploring interconnections. Mahwah, NJ: Routledge
• Yuna, K., Insil, J. (2014). Moderating and Mediating Effects of Social Support in the Relationship between Work-family Conflict, Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention among Married Women Nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 20(5), 525-534.