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Son Dönem Osmanlı Ekonomi Politiğinin Reel Ekonomiyle Bağdaşımı

Year 2024, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 461 - 476, 27.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1461631

Abstract

Osmanlı’nın son dönemde ekonomi politiğini refere eden temel düşünce üzerinde iki dinamik etkili olmuştur. Bunlar geleneksel düşünceye koşut olarak ortaya çıkan Batı kaynaklı modern iktisadi düşünce ve buna tepki olarak ortaya çıkıp gelişen milli iktisadi düşüncedir. İlk eğilimde, liberalleşme boyutunda serbest ticaret veya ticari kapitalizm düşüncesi ile hareket edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı da iktisadi düşünceye bağlı olarak gelişen ekonomi politiğin reel ekonomi çerçevesinde ticaret alanı çerçevesinde ne derece özümsendiğini ortaya çıkarmaktır. Güncel araştırmalardan elde edilen bulgulara göre Osmanlı iktisadi düşüncesinin çatısını oluşturan ideolojik düşünce, son dönemlerde Osmanlıcılık, İslamcılık ve Türkçülük akımları doğrultusunda şekillenmiştir. Son dönemlerdeki ekonomi politiğin ve akabinde faaliyetlerin dönemin şartlarına göre devleti ayakta tutabilmek amacı taşıdığı ileri sürülebilir. Bu ticari faaliyetlerin hızla üretilen, felsefi derinliği fazla olmayan, siyasi ve ideolojik tarafları ağır basan dönemsel uygulama ve söylemler tarzında oldukları söylenebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Osmanlı, Osmanlı İktisadi Düşüncesi, Osmanlı Ekonomi Politiği
JEL Classification: A14, B00, E60

References

  • Arıkanlı, Z. (2022). Ottoman-French Relations. (Edited by Denizeau, Aurélien; Örmeci, Ozan). Turkish-French Relations: History, Present, and the Future, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 3-31.
  • Aydın, A. (2021). Reflection of British Imperialism in the Ottoman Empire; Baltalimani Trade Agreement. Journal of Awareness, Vol.6, No.3, 101-114.
  • Baldwin, J. E. (2022). European Relations with the Ottoman World. (Edited by Beat Kümin). The European World 1500–1800, UK: Routledge, 197-208.
  • Blaydes, L. and Paik, C. (2021). Muslim Trade And City Growth Before the Nineteenth Century: Comparative Urbanization in Europe, The Middle East and Central Asia. British Journal of Political Science, Vol. 51, No. 2, 845-868.
  • Brisku, A. (2019). Ottoman-Russian Relations. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History, Oxford.
  • Boyar, E. and Fleet, K. (2021). An Overview of Economic Life in Ottoman Anatolia. (Edited by Ebru Boyar,Kate Fleet). Making a Living in Ottoman Anatolia, Leiden: Brill, 1-20.
  • Bozpınar, C. (2021). Osmanlı Kapitalist Üretimi Örneği: XIX. Yüzyıl Bursa İpek Manüfaktürleri. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol. 10, No. 1, 325-344. doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.810219.
  • Bulut, M. and Altay, B. (2021). The Ottoman economy (1870-1913): Preliminary Second-generation Estimates. Turkish Journal of Islamic Economics (TUJISE), Vol. 9, No. 1, 95-118. doi.org/10.26414/A485.
  • Christensen, P. H. (2017). Germany and The Ottoman Railways: Art, Empire, and Infrastructure. Yale University Press.
  • Çiğdem, Ü. (2020). Türkiye Sanayisinde Osmanlı Devletinin Etkileri. Çukurova Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol. 4, No. 6, 86-106. Doi.org/ 10.18560/cukurova.1096.
  • Demikha, L., Shaharuddin, A. B., and Ridzuan, A. R. (2021). The Effects Of Foreign Direct İnvestment, External Debts And Trade Openness On Economic Growth: Evidence From The Ottoman Empire 1881-1913. International Journal of Economics and Business Research, Vol. 21, No. 3, 387-410.
  • Demir, K. (2023). Osmanlı Devleti’nde Tarımda Makineleşme ve Basının Rolü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, No. 77, 69-85. doi.org/10.51290/dpusbe.1249386.
  • Duran, B. and Çamlı, A. Y. (2019). Klasik Dönem Osmanlı Toplumunun Sosyo-Ekonomik Yapısı (Max Weber'in Patrimonyalizm Teorisi Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi), İstanbul: Hiper Yayınları.
  • Eldem, E. (2024). The Ottoman Empire and Turkey: A Great Place To Visit, A Hard Place To Live. New Perspectives on Turkey, 1-12. doi.org/10.1017/npt.2024.3.
  • Hammond, A. (2022). Late Ottoman Origins of Modern Islamic Thought, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hanedar, A. Ö. and Uysal, S. (2020). Transportation Infrastructure And Economic Growth ın A Dissolving Country:(Ir) Relevance Of Railroads In The Ottoman Empire. Economic History of Developing Regions, Vol. 35, No. 3, 195-215.
  • Husfeldt, J. D. V. (2023). Institutions and Economic Growth in the Late Ottoman Empire: A Quantitative Approach, 1820-1913.
  • İmamoğlu, H. V. (2022). Coğrafi Keşiflerden Sonra Oluşan Yenidünya Düzeni Ve Osmanli Ekonomi Politiği. Journal of History School, Vol. 15, No. LVII, 1025-1041. Doi.org/ 10.29228/joh.55790.
  • Karpat, K. (2022). Osmanlı Modernleşmesi, İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları.
  • Mestyan, A. (2021). A Muslim Dualism? Inter-Imperial History and Austria-Hungary in Ottoman Thought, 1867–1921. Contemporary European History, Vol. 30, No. 4, 478-496.
  • Mills, S. (2020). A Commerce of Knowledge: Trade, Religion, and Scholarship between England and the Ottoman Empire, 1600-1760. Oxford University Press.
  • Morys, M. (2022). Has Eastern Europe Always Lagged Behind the West? Historical Evidence from Pre‐1870. Review of Income and Wealth, Vol. 68, 3-21.
  • Muradov, A. (2018). Ottoman Trade Relations in the 19th Century. Academic Review of Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 3, 120-129.
  • Omer, S. (2021). Examining the concept of Pan-Islamism. Al-Itqan: Journal Of Islamic Sciences And Comparative Studies, Vol. 5, No. 2, 21-51.
  • Ortaylı, İ. (2006). İmparatorluğun En Uzun Yüzyılı. Göz. Geç. 25. Baskı. İstanbul: Alkım Yayınevi.
  • Pammer, M. And Tuncer, AC. (2021) Economic Policy During The Long 19th Century. (Edited by Morys, M.). The Economic History Of Central, East And South-East Europe: 1800 To The Present. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Pamuk, Ş. (2018). Osmanlı Ekonomisinde Bağımlılık ve Büyüme (1820-1913). İstanbul: Kültür Yayınları.
  • Pamuk, Ş. (2017). Türkiye’nin 200 Yıllık İktisadi Tarihi. 8. Basım. İstanbul: Kültür Yayınları.
  • Parry, J. (2022). Promised Lands: The British and the Ottoman Middle East. Princeton University Press.
  • Pétriat, P. (2021). The Uneven Age Of Speed: Caravans, Technology, And Mobility İn The Late Ottoman And Post-Ottoman Middle East. International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 53, No. 2, 273-290. doi.org/10.1017/S002074382100012X.
  • Provence, M. (2017). The Last Ottoman Generation And The Making Of The Modern Middle East. Cambridge University Press.
  • Ramazan, İ. and Cingöz, M. (2020). Merkantalizm Ve Sanayi Devrimi Sürecinde Osmanlı Devleti’nin Konumu. Akademik Hassasiyetler, Vol. 7, No. 14, 379-398.
  • Sali, M. A., Saharuddin, D. S. and Darni, D. Y. (2020). Ottoman Trade Policy and Activities in Europe and Asia. AL-FALAH. Journal of Islamic Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1-21. Doi.org/1 0.29240/alfalah.v5i1.1181
  • Somel, S. A. (2001). The modernization of public education in the Ottoman Empire 1839-1908: Islamization, Autocracy and Discipline. Leiden: Brill.
  • Şimşeker, S. A., and Sabancı, Z. (2024). An Alternative Approach To Total Economy Of The Late Ottoman Empire. Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 60, No. 2, 195-217. Doi.org/ 10.1080/00263206.2023.2198222.
  • Tunçer, A.C. (2020). Leveraging Foreign Control: Reform in the Ottoman Empire. (Edited by Barreyre, N. And Delalande, N. A World of Public Debts. Palgrave Studies in the History of Finance. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48794-2_6.
  • Uca, S. (2024). Constructing Turkish Foreign Policy: From the “Grand Strategy” to the “Strategic Depth”. New Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1.
  • Quataert, D. (2004). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu 1700-1922. 3. Baskı. (Çev. A. Berktay). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.

The Compatibility of the Late Ottoman Economy Politics with the Real Economy

Year 2024, Volume: 31 Issue: 3, 461 - 476, 27.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1461631

Abstract

Two dynamics have been influential on the basic thought that refers to the political economy of the Ottoman State in the recent period. These are the modern economic thought of Western origin, which emerged in parallel with traditional thought, and the national economic thought that emerged and developed as a reaction to this. The first trend, liberalization, was driven by the idea of free trade or commercial capitalism. The aim of this study is to reveal to what extent the political economy, which has developed depending on economic thought, has been assimilated in the commercial field within the framework of the real economy. According to the findings obtained from current research, the ideological thought that forms the framework of Ottoman economic thought has recently been shaped in line with Ottomanism, Islamism and Turkism movements. It can be argued that the recent political economy and subsequent activities aimed to keep the state afloat according to the conditions of the period. It can be said that these commercial activities are in the style of periodic practices and discourses that are produced quickly, do not have much philosophical depth, and have political and ideological aspects.
Key Words: Ottoman, Ottoman Economic Thought, Ottoman Economy Politics,
JEL Sınıflandırması: A14, B00, E60

References

  • Arıkanlı, Z. (2022). Ottoman-French Relations. (Edited by Denizeau, Aurélien; Örmeci, Ozan). Turkish-French Relations: History, Present, and the Future, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 3-31.
  • Aydın, A. (2021). Reflection of British Imperialism in the Ottoman Empire; Baltalimani Trade Agreement. Journal of Awareness, Vol.6, No.3, 101-114.
  • Baldwin, J. E. (2022). European Relations with the Ottoman World. (Edited by Beat Kümin). The European World 1500–1800, UK: Routledge, 197-208.
  • Blaydes, L. and Paik, C. (2021). Muslim Trade And City Growth Before the Nineteenth Century: Comparative Urbanization in Europe, The Middle East and Central Asia. British Journal of Political Science, Vol. 51, No. 2, 845-868.
  • Brisku, A. (2019). Ottoman-Russian Relations. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History, Oxford.
  • Boyar, E. and Fleet, K. (2021). An Overview of Economic Life in Ottoman Anatolia. (Edited by Ebru Boyar,Kate Fleet). Making a Living in Ottoman Anatolia, Leiden: Brill, 1-20.
  • Bozpınar, C. (2021). Osmanlı Kapitalist Üretimi Örneği: XIX. Yüzyıl Bursa İpek Manüfaktürleri. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol. 10, No. 1, 325-344. doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.810219.
  • Bulut, M. and Altay, B. (2021). The Ottoman economy (1870-1913): Preliminary Second-generation Estimates. Turkish Journal of Islamic Economics (TUJISE), Vol. 9, No. 1, 95-118. doi.org/10.26414/A485.
  • Christensen, P. H. (2017). Germany and The Ottoman Railways: Art, Empire, and Infrastructure. Yale University Press.
  • Çiğdem, Ü. (2020). Türkiye Sanayisinde Osmanlı Devletinin Etkileri. Çukurova Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol. 4, No. 6, 86-106. Doi.org/ 10.18560/cukurova.1096.
  • Demikha, L., Shaharuddin, A. B., and Ridzuan, A. R. (2021). The Effects Of Foreign Direct İnvestment, External Debts And Trade Openness On Economic Growth: Evidence From The Ottoman Empire 1881-1913. International Journal of Economics and Business Research, Vol. 21, No. 3, 387-410.
  • Demir, K. (2023). Osmanlı Devleti’nde Tarımda Makineleşme ve Basının Rolü. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, No. 77, 69-85. doi.org/10.51290/dpusbe.1249386.
  • Duran, B. and Çamlı, A. Y. (2019). Klasik Dönem Osmanlı Toplumunun Sosyo-Ekonomik Yapısı (Max Weber'in Patrimonyalizm Teorisi Çerçevesinde İncelenmesi), İstanbul: Hiper Yayınları.
  • Eldem, E. (2024). The Ottoman Empire and Turkey: A Great Place To Visit, A Hard Place To Live. New Perspectives on Turkey, 1-12. doi.org/10.1017/npt.2024.3.
  • Hammond, A. (2022). Late Ottoman Origins of Modern Islamic Thought, Cambridge University Press.
  • Hanedar, A. Ö. and Uysal, S. (2020). Transportation Infrastructure And Economic Growth ın A Dissolving Country:(Ir) Relevance Of Railroads In The Ottoman Empire. Economic History of Developing Regions, Vol. 35, No. 3, 195-215.
  • Husfeldt, J. D. V. (2023). Institutions and Economic Growth in the Late Ottoman Empire: A Quantitative Approach, 1820-1913.
  • İmamoğlu, H. V. (2022). Coğrafi Keşiflerden Sonra Oluşan Yenidünya Düzeni Ve Osmanli Ekonomi Politiği. Journal of History School, Vol. 15, No. LVII, 1025-1041. Doi.org/ 10.29228/joh.55790.
  • Karpat, K. (2022). Osmanlı Modernleşmesi, İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları.
  • Mestyan, A. (2021). A Muslim Dualism? Inter-Imperial History and Austria-Hungary in Ottoman Thought, 1867–1921. Contemporary European History, Vol. 30, No. 4, 478-496.
  • Mills, S. (2020). A Commerce of Knowledge: Trade, Religion, and Scholarship between England and the Ottoman Empire, 1600-1760. Oxford University Press.
  • Morys, M. (2022). Has Eastern Europe Always Lagged Behind the West? Historical Evidence from Pre‐1870. Review of Income and Wealth, Vol. 68, 3-21.
  • Muradov, A. (2018). Ottoman Trade Relations in the 19th Century. Academic Review of Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 3, 120-129.
  • Omer, S. (2021). Examining the concept of Pan-Islamism. Al-Itqan: Journal Of Islamic Sciences And Comparative Studies, Vol. 5, No. 2, 21-51.
  • Ortaylı, İ. (2006). İmparatorluğun En Uzun Yüzyılı. Göz. Geç. 25. Baskı. İstanbul: Alkım Yayınevi.
  • Pammer, M. And Tuncer, AC. (2021) Economic Policy During The Long 19th Century. (Edited by Morys, M.). The Economic History Of Central, East And South-East Europe: 1800 To The Present. London, UK: Routledge.
  • Pamuk, Ş. (2018). Osmanlı Ekonomisinde Bağımlılık ve Büyüme (1820-1913). İstanbul: Kültür Yayınları.
  • Pamuk, Ş. (2017). Türkiye’nin 200 Yıllık İktisadi Tarihi. 8. Basım. İstanbul: Kültür Yayınları.
  • Parry, J. (2022). Promised Lands: The British and the Ottoman Middle East. Princeton University Press.
  • Pétriat, P. (2021). The Uneven Age Of Speed: Caravans, Technology, And Mobility İn The Late Ottoman And Post-Ottoman Middle East. International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 53, No. 2, 273-290. doi.org/10.1017/S002074382100012X.
  • Provence, M. (2017). The Last Ottoman Generation And The Making Of The Modern Middle East. Cambridge University Press.
  • Ramazan, İ. and Cingöz, M. (2020). Merkantalizm Ve Sanayi Devrimi Sürecinde Osmanlı Devleti’nin Konumu. Akademik Hassasiyetler, Vol. 7, No. 14, 379-398.
  • Sali, M. A., Saharuddin, D. S. and Darni, D. Y. (2020). Ottoman Trade Policy and Activities in Europe and Asia. AL-FALAH. Journal of Islamic Economics, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1-21. Doi.org/1 0.29240/alfalah.v5i1.1181
  • Somel, S. A. (2001). The modernization of public education in the Ottoman Empire 1839-1908: Islamization, Autocracy and Discipline. Leiden: Brill.
  • Şimşeker, S. A., and Sabancı, Z. (2024). An Alternative Approach To Total Economy Of The Late Ottoman Empire. Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 60, No. 2, 195-217. Doi.org/ 10.1080/00263206.2023.2198222.
  • Tunçer, A.C. (2020). Leveraging Foreign Control: Reform in the Ottoman Empire. (Edited by Barreyre, N. And Delalande, N. A World of Public Debts. Palgrave Studies in the History of Finance. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48794-2_6.
  • Uca, S. (2024). Constructing Turkish Foreign Policy: From the “Grand Strategy” to the “Strategic Depth”. New Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1.
  • Quataert, D. (2004). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu 1700-1922. 3. Baskı. (Çev. A. Berktay). İstanbul: İletişim Yayınları.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Political Economy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ahmet Yavuz Çamlı 0000-0002-0746-9755

Publication Date September 27, 2024
Submission Date March 30, 2024
Acceptance Date September 13, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 31 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çamlı, A. Y. (2024). The Compatibility of the Late Ottoman Economy Politics with the Real Economy. Yönetim Ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 31(3), 461-476. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1461631