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Year 2025, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 561 - 584, 25.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1648017

Abstract

References

  • Azad, G. (2020). Küreselleşmenin Dönüştürdüğü Mekân Kavramı Çerçevesinde Vergi Cennetleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Maliye (Kamu Ekonomisi) Anabilim Dalı
  • Birinci, N. (2018). Vergi Cennetlerinin Global Düzeyde Neden Olduğu Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçağının Boyutu. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(24), 69-91.
  • Çamurcu, Z.N. (2017). Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Aracı Olarak Şeffaflık: “Oecd- Beps 5 Numaralı Eylem Planı (2015 Nihai Raporu) Temelinde Bir Çalışma, International Journalof Public Finance Cilt: 2, Sayı: 2, 226 – 244
  • Çakaş, C.Ö. (2020). Vergi Sığınakları ve Suç Ekonomisine Etkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme, EBYÜİİBF Dergisi, Cilt: 2, Sayı:2, 22-42
  • Cobham, A. ve Janský, P. (2017), Global Distribution of RevenuelossFromTaxAvoidance: Re-EstimationAnd Country Results, WIDER Working, 55.
  • Cobham, A., & Janský, P. (2018). Global distribution of revenue loss from corporate tax avoidance: Re-estimation and country results. Journal of International Development, 30(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3348
  • Cobham, A., & Jansky, P. (2019). Global Distribution of Revenue Loss from Tax Avoidance: Re-estimation and Country Results (pp. 18–20). United Nations University-WIDER Working s.55 https://doi.org/10.35188 / UNU-WIDER/2019/694-4
  • Crivelli, E., De Mooij, R., ve Keen, M. (2016). Base Erosion, Profit ShiftingAndDevelopingCountries. IMF WorkingPaper, 16(122), 1-35. https://doi.org/xxxx
  • Dharmapala, D. (2014). What Do WekNowAbout Base ErosionAnd Profit Shifting? A Review Of TheEmpiricalLiterature. FiscalStudies, 35(4), 421-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.2014.12037.x
  • Devereux, M. P., ve Loretz, S. (2013). What Do WekNowAboutCorporateTaxCompetition? NationalTaxJournal, 66(3), 745-774. https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2013.3.06
  • European Commission. (2021). Communication on Business Taxation for the 21st Century. Brussels. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/
  • EU Tax Observatory. (2023). Global Tax Evasion Report 2024 (p. 42). https://www.taxobservatory.eu
  • Fuest, C., Hemmer, D., ve Kessler, A. (2013). The Role Of Financial Institutionsin TheTransmission Of Monetarypolicy. EuropeanEconomicReview, 62, 1763-1777.
  • Henry, J. S. (2012). The price of offshore revisited: New estimates for “missing” global private wealth, income, inequality, and lost taxes (p. 4). Tax Justice Network. https://taxjustice.net/wp-content/uploads/ 2014/04/Price_of_Offshore_Revisited_120722.pdf
  • Hines, J. R. (2010). Treasureİslands. Journal Of EconomicPerspectives, 24(4), 103-126 https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.4.103
  • IMF, (2022). Fiscal Monitor: Revenue Amid Recovery (pp. 12–13). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2022/04/18/fiscal-monitor-april-2022
  • Jones, C., Temouri, Y. ve Cobham, A. (2018), “Taxhaven net Works andthe Role Of TheBigForacCountancyFirms”, Journal Of World Business, 53, 177-193.
  • Karakoyun, A. (2022). Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Ve Türkiye Boyutu, Kütahya: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Maliye Anabilim Dalı
  • Karakoç, A. (2022). Vergi Cennetlerinin Uluslararası Vergi Rekabetine Etkileri, Bursa: Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Anabilim Dalı Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Yüksek Lisans Programı
  • Karasu, G. (2006). Küreselleşmenin Vergileme Alanında Yarattığı Sorunlar: Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri ve Türkiye, İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • KPMG, (2024). Corporate tax rates table. KPMG International. Retrieved from https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/services/tax/tax-tools-and-resources/tax-rates-online.html
  • OECD, (2013). Addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (pp. 15–21). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264192744-en
  • OECD, (2015). Explanatory Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project (pp. 10–15). OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/ctp/beps-explanatory-statement.pdf
  • OECD, (2017). OrganisationForEconomicCooperationAnd Development, Glossaryof TaxTerms, http://www.oecd.org/ctp/glossaryoftaxterms.htm.
  • OECD, (2021). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fourth Edition. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/0ddb7e2e-en
  • OECD, (2021). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. Retrieved from
  • OECD, (2021a). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. https://www.oecd.org/tax/beps/statement-on-a-two-pillar-solution-july-2021.pdf
  • OECD, (2023). Harm ful TaxPractices – Peer ReviewResults. OrganisationForEconomicCo-Operationand Development (OECD). https://www.oecd.org/tax/harmful-tax-practices-review-2023.htm
  • OECD, (2023a). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fifth Edition (pp. 9, 14, 25). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/7c2f4e1d-en
  • Oxfam (2016), TheHiddenBillions: How TaxHavensImpactLives At Home AndAbroad, OxfamResearchReports, https://www.oxfam.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/oxf003-tax-havens-report-fa2 web.pdf
  • Öztürk, S., ve Ülger, Ö. (2016). Vergi Cennetlerinin Küresel Finansal Kriz Üzerine Ekonomik Etkileri: Vergi Kaçırma, Vergiden Kaçınma Ve Kara Para Aklamadaki Rolü, Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Ocak 2016 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 237-254
  • Pehlivan, S., ve Gökbunar, A. R. (2010). Ülkemizde Transfer Fiyatlandırmasının Yol Açtığı Tahmini Kurumlar Vergisi Kaybı. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Pogge, T., & Mehta, K. (2016). Illicit Financial Flows: The Most Damaging Economic Condition Facing the Developing World (pp. 53–55). Global Financial Integrity. https://gfintegrity.org
  • Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. (2024). Genel Bütçeli Kamu İdarelerinin 2024 Yılı Gelirleri İle 2025-2026 Dönemi Gelir Tahminleri. https://www.sbb.gov.tr
  • Slemrod, J. Ve Yitzhaki, S. (2002). TaxAvoidance, Evasion, and Administration. Handbook of PublicEconomics, 3, 1423–1470. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4420(02)80024-2
  • Saez, E., ve Stantcheva, S. (2018). ASimplerTheoryof Optimal CapitalTaxation. Journalof PublicEconomics, 162, 120-142. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jpubeco.2018.03.011
  • Uygun, E. (2022). “Vergiden Kaçınmayı Önlemeye Yönelik Küresel Asgari Kurumlar Vergisi”, International Journalof Public Finance, 7(1), 93-112.
  • Tax Juctice Network (2017c), “TJN Profit ShiftingTax LossEstimates”, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets//1r7jdxvq1nagjuukh1afnie3xvtycu7nc8bzwzjkkqk/edit#gid=389779094
  • Tax Juctice Network. (2023). Financial Secrecy Index 2023. TaxJustice Network. Https://Fsi.Taxjustice.Net/
  • Yıldız, A. ve Demir, M. (2019). Vergi Cennetleri Ve Küresel Gelir Eşitsizliği,Maliye Dergisi, Sayı: 176, 329-354,
  • Wier, L., & Zucman, G. (2022). Global profit shifting 1975–2020. EU Tax Observatory Working Paper. https://atlas-offshore-world.org
  • Wilson, J. D. (1986). A TheoryofInterregionalTaxCompetition. Journal Of Urban Economics, 19(3), 296-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(86)90045-8
  • Zucman, G. (2015). TheHiddenWealth Of Nations: TheScourgeof TaxHavens. University Of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226245560.001.0001
  • Zucman, G.(2022). The Atlas of Offshore World: Regional Wealth and Tax Losses. Retrieved from https://atlas-offshore-world.org

Year 2025, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 561 - 584, 25.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1648017

Abstract

References

  • Azad, G. (2020). Küreselleşmenin Dönüştürdüğü Mekân Kavramı Çerçevesinde Vergi Cennetleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Maliye (Kamu Ekonomisi) Anabilim Dalı
  • Birinci, N. (2018). Vergi Cennetlerinin Global Düzeyde Neden Olduğu Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçağının Boyutu. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(24), 69-91.
  • Çamurcu, Z.N. (2017). Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Aracı Olarak Şeffaflık: “Oecd- Beps 5 Numaralı Eylem Planı (2015 Nihai Raporu) Temelinde Bir Çalışma, International Journalof Public Finance Cilt: 2, Sayı: 2, 226 – 244
  • Çakaş, C.Ö. (2020). Vergi Sığınakları ve Suç Ekonomisine Etkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme, EBYÜİİBF Dergisi, Cilt: 2, Sayı:2, 22-42
  • Cobham, A. ve Janský, P. (2017), Global Distribution of RevenuelossFromTaxAvoidance: Re-EstimationAnd Country Results, WIDER Working, 55.
  • Cobham, A., & Janský, P. (2018). Global distribution of revenue loss from corporate tax avoidance: Re-estimation and country results. Journal of International Development, 30(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3348
  • Cobham, A., & Jansky, P. (2019). Global Distribution of Revenue Loss from Tax Avoidance: Re-estimation and Country Results (pp. 18–20). United Nations University-WIDER Working s.55 https://doi.org/10.35188 / UNU-WIDER/2019/694-4
  • Crivelli, E., De Mooij, R., ve Keen, M. (2016). Base Erosion, Profit ShiftingAndDevelopingCountries. IMF WorkingPaper, 16(122), 1-35. https://doi.org/xxxx
  • Dharmapala, D. (2014). What Do WekNowAbout Base ErosionAnd Profit Shifting? A Review Of TheEmpiricalLiterature. FiscalStudies, 35(4), 421-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.2014.12037.x
  • Devereux, M. P., ve Loretz, S. (2013). What Do WekNowAboutCorporateTaxCompetition? NationalTaxJournal, 66(3), 745-774. https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2013.3.06
  • European Commission. (2021). Communication on Business Taxation for the 21st Century. Brussels. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/
  • EU Tax Observatory. (2023). Global Tax Evasion Report 2024 (p. 42). https://www.taxobservatory.eu
  • Fuest, C., Hemmer, D., ve Kessler, A. (2013). The Role Of Financial Institutionsin TheTransmission Of Monetarypolicy. EuropeanEconomicReview, 62, 1763-1777.
  • Henry, J. S. (2012). The price of offshore revisited: New estimates for “missing” global private wealth, income, inequality, and lost taxes (p. 4). Tax Justice Network. https://taxjustice.net/wp-content/uploads/ 2014/04/Price_of_Offshore_Revisited_120722.pdf
  • Hines, J. R. (2010). Treasureİslands. Journal Of EconomicPerspectives, 24(4), 103-126 https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.4.103
  • IMF, (2022). Fiscal Monitor: Revenue Amid Recovery (pp. 12–13). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2022/04/18/fiscal-monitor-april-2022
  • Jones, C., Temouri, Y. ve Cobham, A. (2018), “Taxhaven net Works andthe Role Of TheBigForacCountancyFirms”, Journal Of World Business, 53, 177-193.
  • Karakoyun, A. (2022). Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Ve Türkiye Boyutu, Kütahya: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Maliye Anabilim Dalı
  • Karakoç, A. (2022). Vergi Cennetlerinin Uluslararası Vergi Rekabetine Etkileri, Bursa: Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Anabilim Dalı Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Yüksek Lisans Programı
  • Karasu, G. (2006). Küreselleşmenin Vergileme Alanında Yarattığı Sorunlar: Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri ve Türkiye, İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • KPMG, (2024). Corporate tax rates table. KPMG International. Retrieved from https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/services/tax/tax-tools-and-resources/tax-rates-online.html
  • OECD, (2013). Addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (pp. 15–21). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264192744-en
  • OECD, (2015). Explanatory Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project (pp. 10–15). OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/ctp/beps-explanatory-statement.pdf
  • OECD, (2017). OrganisationForEconomicCooperationAnd Development, Glossaryof TaxTerms, http://www.oecd.org/ctp/glossaryoftaxterms.htm.
  • OECD, (2021). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fourth Edition. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/0ddb7e2e-en
  • OECD, (2021). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. Retrieved from
  • OECD, (2021a). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. https://www.oecd.org/tax/beps/statement-on-a-two-pillar-solution-july-2021.pdf
  • OECD, (2023). Harm ful TaxPractices – Peer ReviewResults. OrganisationForEconomicCo-Operationand Development (OECD). https://www.oecd.org/tax/harmful-tax-practices-review-2023.htm
  • OECD, (2023a). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fifth Edition (pp. 9, 14, 25). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/7c2f4e1d-en
  • Oxfam (2016), TheHiddenBillions: How TaxHavensImpactLives At Home AndAbroad, OxfamResearchReports, https://www.oxfam.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/oxf003-tax-havens-report-fa2 web.pdf
  • Öztürk, S., ve Ülger, Ö. (2016). Vergi Cennetlerinin Küresel Finansal Kriz Üzerine Ekonomik Etkileri: Vergi Kaçırma, Vergiden Kaçınma Ve Kara Para Aklamadaki Rolü, Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Ocak 2016 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 237-254
  • Pehlivan, S., ve Gökbunar, A. R. (2010). Ülkemizde Transfer Fiyatlandırmasının Yol Açtığı Tahmini Kurumlar Vergisi Kaybı. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Pogge, T., & Mehta, K. (2016). Illicit Financial Flows: The Most Damaging Economic Condition Facing the Developing World (pp. 53–55). Global Financial Integrity. https://gfintegrity.org
  • Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. (2024). Genel Bütçeli Kamu İdarelerinin 2024 Yılı Gelirleri İle 2025-2026 Dönemi Gelir Tahminleri. https://www.sbb.gov.tr
  • Slemrod, J. Ve Yitzhaki, S. (2002). TaxAvoidance, Evasion, and Administration. Handbook of PublicEconomics, 3, 1423–1470. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4420(02)80024-2
  • Saez, E., ve Stantcheva, S. (2018). ASimplerTheoryof Optimal CapitalTaxation. Journalof PublicEconomics, 162, 120-142. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jpubeco.2018.03.011
  • Uygun, E. (2022). “Vergiden Kaçınmayı Önlemeye Yönelik Küresel Asgari Kurumlar Vergisi”, International Journalof Public Finance, 7(1), 93-112.
  • Tax Juctice Network (2017c), “TJN Profit ShiftingTax LossEstimates”, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets//1r7jdxvq1nagjuukh1afnie3xvtycu7nc8bzwzjkkqk/edit#gid=389779094
  • Tax Juctice Network. (2023). Financial Secrecy Index 2023. TaxJustice Network. Https://Fsi.Taxjustice.Net/
  • Yıldız, A. ve Demir, M. (2019). Vergi Cennetleri Ve Küresel Gelir Eşitsizliği,Maliye Dergisi, Sayı: 176, 329-354,
  • Wier, L., & Zucman, G. (2022). Global profit shifting 1975–2020. EU Tax Observatory Working Paper. https://atlas-offshore-world.org
  • Wilson, J. D. (1986). A TheoryofInterregionalTaxCompetition. Journal Of Urban Economics, 19(3), 296-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(86)90045-8
  • Zucman, G. (2015). TheHiddenWealth Of Nations: TheScourgeof TaxHavens. University Of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226245560.001.0001
  • Zucman, G.(2022). The Atlas of Offshore World: Regional Wealth and Tax Losses. Retrieved from https://atlas-offshore-world.org

Year 2025, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 561 - 584, 25.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1648017

Abstract

References

  • Azad, G. (2020). Küreselleşmenin Dönüştürdüğü Mekân Kavramı Çerçevesinde Vergi Cennetleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Maliye (Kamu Ekonomisi) Anabilim Dalı
  • Birinci, N. (2018). Vergi Cennetlerinin Global Düzeyde Neden Olduğu Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçağının Boyutu. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(24), 69-91.
  • Çamurcu, Z.N. (2017). Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Aracı Olarak Şeffaflık: “Oecd- Beps 5 Numaralı Eylem Planı (2015 Nihai Raporu) Temelinde Bir Çalışma, International Journalof Public Finance Cilt: 2, Sayı: 2, 226 – 244
  • Çakaş, C.Ö. (2020). Vergi Sığınakları ve Suç Ekonomisine Etkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme, EBYÜİİBF Dergisi, Cilt: 2, Sayı:2, 22-42
  • Cobham, A. ve Janský, P. (2017), Global Distribution of RevenuelossFromTaxAvoidance: Re-EstimationAnd Country Results, WIDER Working, 55.
  • Cobham, A., & Janský, P. (2018). Global distribution of revenue loss from corporate tax avoidance: Re-estimation and country results. Journal of International Development, 30(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3348
  • Cobham, A., & Jansky, P. (2019). Global Distribution of Revenue Loss from Tax Avoidance: Re-estimation and Country Results (pp. 18–20). United Nations University-WIDER Working s.55 https://doi.org/10.35188 / UNU-WIDER/2019/694-4
  • Crivelli, E., De Mooij, R., ve Keen, M. (2016). Base Erosion, Profit ShiftingAndDevelopingCountries. IMF WorkingPaper, 16(122), 1-35. https://doi.org/xxxx
  • Dharmapala, D. (2014). What Do WekNowAbout Base ErosionAnd Profit Shifting? A Review Of TheEmpiricalLiterature. FiscalStudies, 35(4), 421-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.2014.12037.x
  • Devereux, M. P., ve Loretz, S. (2013). What Do WekNowAboutCorporateTaxCompetition? NationalTaxJournal, 66(3), 745-774. https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2013.3.06
  • European Commission. (2021). Communication on Business Taxation for the 21st Century. Brussels. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/
  • EU Tax Observatory. (2023). Global Tax Evasion Report 2024 (p. 42). https://www.taxobservatory.eu
  • Fuest, C., Hemmer, D., ve Kessler, A. (2013). The Role Of Financial Institutionsin TheTransmission Of Monetarypolicy. EuropeanEconomicReview, 62, 1763-1777.
  • Henry, J. S. (2012). The price of offshore revisited: New estimates for “missing” global private wealth, income, inequality, and lost taxes (p. 4). Tax Justice Network. https://taxjustice.net/wp-content/uploads/ 2014/04/Price_of_Offshore_Revisited_120722.pdf
  • Hines, J. R. (2010). Treasureİslands. Journal Of EconomicPerspectives, 24(4), 103-126 https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.4.103
  • IMF, (2022). Fiscal Monitor: Revenue Amid Recovery (pp. 12–13). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2022/04/18/fiscal-monitor-april-2022
  • Jones, C., Temouri, Y. ve Cobham, A. (2018), “Taxhaven net Works andthe Role Of TheBigForacCountancyFirms”, Journal Of World Business, 53, 177-193.
  • Karakoyun, A. (2022). Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Ve Türkiye Boyutu, Kütahya: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Maliye Anabilim Dalı
  • Karakoç, A. (2022). Vergi Cennetlerinin Uluslararası Vergi Rekabetine Etkileri, Bursa: Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Anabilim Dalı Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Yüksek Lisans Programı
  • Karasu, G. (2006). Küreselleşmenin Vergileme Alanında Yarattığı Sorunlar: Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri ve Türkiye, İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • KPMG, (2024). Corporate tax rates table. KPMG International. Retrieved from https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/services/tax/tax-tools-and-resources/tax-rates-online.html
  • OECD, (2013). Addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (pp. 15–21). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264192744-en
  • OECD, (2015). Explanatory Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project (pp. 10–15). OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/ctp/beps-explanatory-statement.pdf
  • OECD, (2017). OrganisationForEconomicCooperationAnd Development, Glossaryof TaxTerms, http://www.oecd.org/ctp/glossaryoftaxterms.htm.
  • OECD, (2021). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fourth Edition. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/0ddb7e2e-en
  • OECD, (2021). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. Retrieved from
  • OECD, (2021a). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. https://www.oecd.org/tax/beps/statement-on-a-two-pillar-solution-july-2021.pdf
  • OECD, (2023). Harm ful TaxPractices – Peer ReviewResults. OrganisationForEconomicCo-Operationand Development (OECD). https://www.oecd.org/tax/harmful-tax-practices-review-2023.htm
  • OECD, (2023a). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fifth Edition (pp. 9, 14, 25). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/7c2f4e1d-en
  • Oxfam (2016), TheHiddenBillions: How TaxHavensImpactLives At Home AndAbroad, OxfamResearchReports, https://www.oxfam.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/oxf003-tax-havens-report-fa2 web.pdf
  • Öztürk, S., ve Ülger, Ö. (2016). Vergi Cennetlerinin Küresel Finansal Kriz Üzerine Ekonomik Etkileri: Vergi Kaçırma, Vergiden Kaçınma Ve Kara Para Aklamadaki Rolü, Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Ocak 2016 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 237-254
  • Pehlivan, S., ve Gökbunar, A. R. (2010). Ülkemizde Transfer Fiyatlandırmasının Yol Açtığı Tahmini Kurumlar Vergisi Kaybı. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Pogge, T., & Mehta, K. (2016). Illicit Financial Flows: The Most Damaging Economic Condition Facing the Developing World (pp. 53–55). Global Financial Integrity. https://gfintegrity.org
  • Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. (2024). Genel Bütçeli Kamu İdarelerinin 2024 Yılı Gelirleri İle 2025-2026 Dönemi Gelir Tahminleri. https://www.sbb.gov.tr
  • Slemrod, J. Ve Yitzhaki, S. (2002). TaxAvoidance, Evasion, and Administration. Handbook of PublicEconomics, 3, 1423–1470. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4420(02)80024-2
  • Saez, E., ve Stantcheva, S. (2018). ASimplerTheoryof Optimal CapitalTaxation. Journalof PublicEconomics, 162, 120-142. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jpubeco.2018.03.011
  • Uygun, E. (2022). “Vergiden Kaçınmayı Önlemeye Yönelik Küresel Asgari Kurumlar Vergisi”, International Journalof Public Finance, 7(1), 93-112.
  • Tax Juctice Network (2017c), “TJN Profit ShiftingTax LossEstimates”, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets//1r7jdxvq1nagjuukh1afnie3xvtycu7nc8bzwzjkkqk/edit#gid=389779094
  • Tax Juctice Network. (2023). Financial Secrecy Index 2023. TaxJustice Network. Https://Fsi.Taxjustice.Net/
  • Yıldız, A. ve Demir, M. (2019). Vergi Cennetleri Ve Küresel Gelir Eşitsizliği,Maliye Dergisi, Sayı: 176, 329-354,
  • Wier, L., & Zucman, G. (2022). Global profit shifting 1975–2020. EU Tax Observatory Working Paper. https://atlas-offshore-world.org
  • Wilson, J. D. (1986). A TheoryofInterregionalTaxCompetition. Journal Of Urban Economics, 19(3), 296-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(86)90045-8
  • Zucman, G. (2015). TheHiddenWealth Of Nations: TheScourgeof TaxHavens. University Of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226245560.001.0001
  • Zucman, G.(2022). The Atlas of Offshore World: Regional Wealth and Tax Losses. Retrieved from https://atlas-offshore-world.org

Vergi Cennetlerindeki Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçakların Vergi Gelirleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin Uluslararası Boyutları ile İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 561 - 584, 25.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1648017

Abstract

Vergi cennetleri, düşük veya sıfır vergi oranları, şeffaf olmayan finansal sistemleri ve gevşek düzenleyici yapılarıyla küresel ekonomide önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Çok uluslu şirketler ve yüksek gelirli bireyler, vergi yükümlülüklerini azaltmak amacıyla bu bölgeleri kullanarak vergi erozyonuna neden olmaktadır. Başta ABD olmak üzere birçok Avrupa ülkesindeki şirket ve girişimciler, yıllık kazançlarını veya servetlerini vergiden muaf tutabilmek amacıyla vergi cennetlerini bir araç olarak kullanabilmektedirler. Vergi cenneti olarak sınıflandırılan birçok bölgede Gelir ve Kurumlar vergisi gibi devletlere temel kaynak oluşturan vergilerin oranları ya sıfır ya da beklenenin çok altında alınmaktadır. Bu durum, devletlerin vergi gelirlerinde ciddi kayıplara yol açarken, kamu hizmetlerinin etkin bir şekilde yürütülmesine engel olmaktadır. Bunun yanında devletler vergi tabanını değiştirmek zorunda kalmakta, gelir üzerinden alınamayan vergileri harcamalar üzerinden tahsil etmeye çalışmaktadırlar. Diğer taraftan vergisini tam olarak ödeyen mükelleflerin aleyhine rekabet eşitliğini de bozmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, vergi cennetlerinin vergi gelirleri üzerindeki etkileri çeşitli bulgular üzerinden ele alınmaktadır. Öncelikle, vergi cennetlerinde kayba uğratılan verginin Kurumlar ve Gelir Vergisi üzerindeki etkileri ele alındıktan sonra, vergi cennetlerinde dönen paranın toplam vergi hasılatına oranı sayısal veriler üzerinden incelenmektedir. Ayrıca vergi cennetleri nedeniyle ülkelerin tahmini vergi kayıpları tablolar üzerinden gösterilmektedir. Sayısal veriler Tax Juctice Network, OECD gibi uluslararası kuruluşların veri tabanından alınmıştır. Çalışmada ayrıca, OECD ve diğer uluslararası kuruluşların vergi kaçakçılığı ile mücadeleye yönelik önerileri ele alınarak, politika yapıcılar için çıkarımlar sunulmaktadır. Bu araştırma, vergi cennetlerindeki gelir kayıplarının azaltılması ve vergi tabanının korunmasına yönelik literatüre katkı sağlamayı da amaçlamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Vergi Cennetleri, Vergi Kaybı, Vergi Kaçakçılığı, Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Gelirleri
JEL Sınıflandırması: H20, H26, H27, H29.

References

  • Azad, G. (2020). Küreselleşmenin Dönüştürdüğü Mekân Kavramı Çerçevesinde Vergi Cennetleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Maliye (Kamu Ekonomisi) Anabilim Dalı
  • Birinci, N. (2018). Vergi Cennetlerinin Global Düzeyde Neden Olduğu Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçağının Boyutu. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(24), 69-91.
  • Çamurcu, Z.N. (2017). Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Aracı Olarak Şeffaflık: “Oecd- Beps 5 Numaralı Eylem Planı (2015 Nihai Raporu) Temelinde Bir Çalışma, International Journalof Public Finance Cilt: 2, Sayı: 2, 226 – 244
  • Çakaş, C.Ö. (2020). Vergi Sığınakları ve Suç Ekonomisine Etkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme, EBYÜİİBF Dergisi, Cilt: 2, Sayı:2, 22-42
  • Cobham, A. ve Janský, P. (2017), Global Distribution of RevenuelossFromTaxAvoidance: Re-EstimationAnd Country Results, WIDER Working, 55.
  • Cobham, A., & Janský, P. (2018). Global distribution of revenue loss from corporate tax avoidance: Re-estimation and country results. Journal of International Development, 30(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3348
  • Cobham, A., & Jansky, P. (2019). Global Distribution of Revenue Loss from Tax Avoidance: Re-estimation and Country Results (pp. 18–20). United Nations University-WIDER Working s.55 https://doi.org/10.35188 / UNU-WIDER/2019/694-4
  • Crivelli, E., De Mooij, R., ve Keen, M. (2016). Base Erosion, Profit ShiftingAndDevelopingCountries. IMF WorkingPaper, 16(122), 1-35. https://doi.org/xxxx
  • Dharmapala, D. (2014). What Do WekNowAbout Base ErosionAnd Profit Shifting? A Review Of TheEmpiricalLiterature. FiscalStudies, 35(4), 421-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.2014.12037.x
  • Devereux, M. P., ve Loretz, S. (2013). What Do WekNowAboutCorporateTaxCompetition? NationalTaxJournal, 66(3), 745-774. https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2013.3.06
  • European Commission. (2021). Communication on Business Taxation for the 21st Century. Brussels. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/
  • EU Tax Observatory. (2023). Global Tax Evasion Report 2024 (p. 42). https://www.taxobservatory.eu
  • Fuest, C., Hemmer, D., ve Kessler, A. (2013). The Role Of Financial Institutionsin TheTransmission Of Monetarypolicy. EuropeanEconomicReview, 62, 1763-1777.
  • Henry, J. S. (2012). The price of offshore revisited: New estimates for “missing” global private wealth, income, inequality, and lost taxes (p. 4). Tax Justice Network. https://taxjustice.net/wp-content/uploads/ 2014/04/Price_of_Offshore_Revisited_120722.pdf
  • Hines, J. R. (2010). Treasureİslands. Journal Of EconomicPerspectives, 24(4), 103-126 https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.4.103
  • IMF, (2022). Fiscal Monitor: Revenue Amid Recovery (pp. 12–13). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2022/04/18/fiscal-monitor-april-2022
  • Jones, C., Temouri, Y. ve Cobham, A. (2018), “Taxhaven net Works andthe Role Of TheBigForacCountancyFirms”, Journal Of World Business, 53, 177-193.
  • Karakoyun, A. (2022). Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Ve Türkiye Boyutu, Kütahya: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Maliye Anabilim Dalı
  • Karakoç, A. (2022). Vergi Cennetlerinin Uluslararası Vergi Rekabetine Etkileri, Bursa: Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Anabilim Dalı Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Yüksek Lisans Programı
  • Karasu, G. (2006). Küreselleşmenin Vergileme Alanında Yarattığı Sorunlar: Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri ve Türkiye, İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • KPMG, (2024). Corporate tax rates table. KPMG International. Retrieved from https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/services/tax/tax-tools-and-resources/tax-rates-online.html
  • OECD, (2013). Addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (pp. 15–21). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264192744-en
  • OECD, (2015). Explanatory Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project (pp. 10–15). OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/ctp/beps-explanatory-statement.pdf
  • OECD, (2017). OrganisationForEconomicCooperationAnd Development, Glossaryof TaxTerms, http://www.oecd.org/ctp/glossaryoftaxterms.htm.
  • OECD, (2021). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fourth Edition. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/0ddb7e2e-en
  • OECD, (2021). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. Retrieved from
  • OECD, (2021a). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. https://www.oecd.org/tax/beps/statement-on-a-two-pillar-solution-july-2021.pdf
  • OECD, (2023). Harm ful TaxPractices – Peer ReviewResults. OrganisationForEconomicCo-Operationand Development (OECD). https://www.oecd.org/tax/harmful-tax-practices-review-2023.htm
  • OECD, (2023a). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fifth Edition (pp. 9, 14, 25). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/7c2f4e1d-en
  • Oxfam (2016), TheHiddenBillions: How TaxHavensImpactLives At Home AndAbroad, OxfamResearchReports, https://www.oxfam.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/oxf003-tax-havens-report-fa2 web.pdf
  • Öztürk, S., ve Ülger, Ö. (2016). Vergi Cennetlerinin Küresel Finansal Kriz Üzerine Ekonomik Etkileri: Vergi Kaçırma, Vergiden Kaçınma Ve Kara Para Aklamadaki Rolü, Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Ocak 2016 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 237-254
  • Pehlivan, S., ve Gökbunar, A. R. (2010). Ülkemizde Transfer Fiyatlandırmasının Yol Açtığı Tahmini Kurumlar Vergisi Kaybı. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Pogge, T., & Mehta, K. (2016). Illicit Financial Flows: The Most Damaging Economic Condition Facing the Developing World (pp. 53–55). Global Financial Integrity. https://gfintegrity.org
  • Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. (2024). Genel Bütçeli Kamu İdarelerinin 2024 Yılı Gelirleri İle 2025-2026 Dönemi Gelir Tahminleri. https://www.sbb.gov.tr
  • Slemrod, J. Ve Yitzhaki, S. (2002). TaxAvoidance, Evasion, and Administration. Handbook of PublicEconomics, 3, 1423–1470. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4420(02)80024-2
  • Saez, E., ve Stantcheva, S. (2018). ASimplerTheoryof Optimal CapitalTaxation. Journalof PublicEconomics, 162, 120-142. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jpubeco.2018.03.011
  • Uygun, E. (2022). “Vergiden Kaçınmayı Önlemeye Yönelik Küresel Asgari Kurumlar Vergisi”, International Journalof Public Finance, 7(1), 93-112.
  • Tax Juctice Network (2017c), “TJN Profit ShiftingTax LossEstimates”, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets//1r7jdxvq1nagjuukh1afnie3xvtycu7nc8bzwzjkkqk/edit#gid=389779094
  • Tax Juctice Network. (2023). Financial Secrecy Index 2023. TaxJustice Network. Https://Fsi.Taxjustice.Net/
  • Yıldız, A. ve Demir, M. (2019). Vergi Cennetleri Ve Küresel Gelir Eşitsizliği,Maliye Dergisi, Sayı: 176, 329-354,
  • Wier, L., & Zucman, G. (2022). Global profit shifting 1975–2020. EU Tax Observatory Working Paper. https://atlas-offshore-world.org
  • Wilson, J. D. (1986). A TheoryofInterregionalTaxCompetition. Journal Of Urban Economics, 19(3), 296-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(86)90045-8
  • Zucman, G. (2015). TheHiddenWealth Of Nations: TheScourgeof TaxHavens. University Of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226245560.001.0001
  • Zucman, G.(2022). The Atlas of Offshore World: Regional Wealth and Tax Losses. Retrieved from https://atlas-offshore-world.org

An International Analysis of the Impact of Tax Loss and Evasions in Tax Havens on Tax Revenues

Year 2025, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 561 - 584, 25.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1648017

Abstract

Tax havens play an important role in the global economy with their low or zero tax rates, opaque financial systems and lax regulatory structures. Multinational corporations and high-income individuals use these regions to reduce their tax liabilities, causing tax erosion. Companies and entrepreneurs in many European countries, especially the USA, can use tax havens as a tool to exempt their annual earnings or wealth from tax. In many regions classified as tax havens, the rates of taxes that constitute the basic resources of states, such as Income and Corporate Tax, are either zero or much lower than expected. This situation causes serious losses in tax revenues for states and prevents the effective execution of public services. In addition, states are forced to change their tax base and try to collect taxes that cannot be collected on income from expenditures. On the other hand, it also disrupts competitive equality to the detriment of taxpayers who pay their taxes in full. In this study, the effects of tax havens on tax revenues are discussed through various findings. First, after considering the effects of tax losses in tax havens on Corporate and Income Tax, the ratio of money circulating in tax havens to total tax revenue is examined through numerical data. In addition, estimated tax losses of countries due to tax havens are shown through tables. Numerical data are taken from the database of international organizations such as Tax Juctice Network and OECD. The study also addresses the suggestions of OECD and other international organizations to combat tax evasion, and offers implications for policy makers. This research also aims to contribute to the literature on reducing revenue losses in tax havens and protecting the tax base.
Key Words: Tax Havens, Tax Loss, Tax Evasion, Tax Competition, Tax Revenues
JEL Classification: H20, H26, H27, H29.

References

  • Azad, G. (2020). Küreselleşmenin Dönüştürdüğü Mekân Kavramı Çerçevesinde Vergi Cennetleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Maliye (Kamu Ekonomisi) Anabilim Dalı
  • Birinci, N. (2018). Vergi Cennetlerinin Global Düzeyde Neden Olduğu Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçağının Boyutu. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(24), 69-91.
  • Çamurcu, Z.N. (2017). Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Aracı Olarak Şeffaflık: “Oecd- Beps 5 Numaralı Eylem Planı (2015 Nihai Raporu) Temelinde Bir Çalışma, International Journalof Public Finance Cilt: 2, Sayı: 2, 226 – 244
  • Çakaş, C.Ö. (2020). Vergi Sığınakları ve Suç Ekonomisine Etkileri Üzerine Bir İnceleme, EBYÜİİBF Dergisi, Cilt: 2, Sayı:2, 22-42
  • Cobham, A. ve Janský, P. (2017), Global Distribution of RevenuelossFromTaxAvoidance: Re-EstimationAnd Country Results, WIDER Working, 55.
  • Cobham, A., & Janský, P. (2018). Global distribution of revenue loss from corporate tax avoidance: Re-estimation and country results. Journal of International Development, 30(2), 206–232. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3348
  • Cobham, A., & Jansky, P. (2019). Global Distribution of Revenue Loss from Tax Avoidance: Re-estimation and Country Results (pp. 18–20). United Nations University-WIDER Working s.55 https://doi.org/10.35188 / UNU-WIDER/2019/694-4
  • Crivelli, E., De Mooij, R., ve Keen, M. (2016). Base Erosion, Profit ShiftingAndDevelopingCountries. IMF WorkingPaper, 16(122), 1-35. https://doi.org/xxxx
  • Dharmapala, D. (2014). What Do WekNowAbout Base ErosionAnd Profit Shifting? A Review Of TheEmpiricalLiterature. FiscalStudies, 35(4), 421-448. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.2014.12037.x
  • Devereux, M. P., ve Loretz, S. (2013). What Do WekNowAboutCorporateTaxCompetition? NationalTaxJournal, 66(3), 745-774. https://doi.org/10.17310/ntj.2013.3.06
  • European Commission. (2021). Communication on Business Taxation for the 21st Century. Brussels. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/taxation_customs/
  • EU Tax Observatory. (2023). Global Tax Evasion Report 2024 (p. 42). https://www.taxobservatory.eu
  • Fuest, C., Hemmer, D., ve Kessler, A. (2013). The Role Of Financial Institutionsin TheTransmission Of Monetarypolicy. EuropeanEconomicReview, 62, 1763-1777.
  • Henry, J. S. (2012). The price of offshore revisited: New estimates for “missing” global private wealth, income, inequality, and lost taxes (p. 4). Tax Justice Network. https://taxjustice.net/wp-content/uploads/ 2014/04/Price_of_Offshore_Revisited_120722.pdf
  • Hines, J. R. (2010). Treasureİslands. Journal Of EconomicPerspectives, 24(4), 103-126 https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.24.4.103
  • IMF, (2022). Fiscal Monitor: Revenue Amid Recovery (pp. 12–13). International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/FM/Issues/2022/04/18/fiscal-monitor-april-2022
  • Jones, C., Temouri, Y. ve Cobham, A. (2018), “Taxhaven net Works andthe Role Of TheBigForacCountancyFirms”, Journal Of World Business, 53, 177-193.
  • Karakoyun, A. (2022). Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri İle Mücadele Ve Türkiye Boyutu, Kütahya: Kütahya Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Maliye Anabilim Dalı
  • Karakoç, A. (2022). Vergi Cennetlerinin Uluslararası Vergi Rekabetine Etkileri, Bursa: Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Anabilim Dalı Uluslararası Ekonomi Politikası Yüksek Lisans Programı
  • Karasu, G. (2006). Küreselleşmenin Vergileme Alanında Yarattığı Sorunlar: Vergi Rekabeti, Vergi Cennetleri ve Türkiye, İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi.
  • KPMG, (2024). Corporate tax rates table. KPMG International. Retrieved from https://home.kpmg/xx/en/home/services/tax/tax-tools-and-resources/tax-rates-online.html
  • OECD, (2013). Addressing Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (pp. 15–21). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264192744-en
  • OECD, (2015). Explanatory Statement: OECD/G20 Base Erosion and Profit Shifting Project (pp. 10–15). OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org/ctp/beps-explanatory-statement.pdf
  • OECD, (2017). OrganisationForEconomicCooperationAnd Development, Glossaryof TaxTerms, http://www.oecd.org/ctp/glossaryoftaxterms.htm.
  • OECD, (2021). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fourth Edition. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/0ddb7e2e-en
  • OECD, (2021). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. Retrieved from
  • OECD, (2021a). Statement on a Two-Pillar Solution to Address the Tax Challenges Arising from the Digitalisation of the Economy. OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. https://www.oecd.org/tax/beps/statement-on-a-two-pillar-solution-july-2021.pdf
  • OECD, (2023). Harm ful TaxPractices – Peer ReviewResults. OrganisationForEconomicCo-Operationand Development (OECD). https://www.oecd.org/tax/harmful-tax-practices-review-2023.htm
  • OECD, (2023a). Corporate Tax Statistics: Fifth Edition (pp. 9, 14, 25). OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/7c2f4e1d-en
  • Oxfam (2016), TheHiddenBillions: How TaxHavensImpactLives At Home AndAbroad, OxfamResearchReports, https://www.oxfam.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/oxf003-tax-havens-report-fa2 web.pdf
  • Öztürk, S., ve Ülger, Ö. (2016). Vergi Cennetlerinin Küresel Finansal Kriz Üzerine Ekonomik Etkileri: Vergi Kaçırma, Vergiden Kaçınma Ve Kara Para Aklamadaki Rolü, Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Ocak 2016 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 237-254
  • Pehlivan, S., ve Gökbunar, A. R. (2010). Ülkemizde Transfer Fiyatlandırmasının Yol Açtığı Tahmini Kurumlar Vergisi Kaybı. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 17(1), 99-120.
  • Pogge, T., & Mehta, K. (2016). Illicit Financial Flows: The Most Damaging Economic Condition Facing the Developing World (pp. 53–55). Global Financial Integrity. https://gfintegrity.org
  • Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı. (2024). Genel Bütçeli Kamu İdarelerinin 2024 Yılı Gelirleri İle 2025-2026 Dönemi Gelir Tahminleri. https://www.sbb.gov.tr
  • Slemrod, J. Ve Yitzhaki, S. (2002). TaxAvoidance, Evasion, and Administration. Handbook of PublicEconomics, 3, 1423–1470. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4420(02)80024-2
  • Saez, E., ve Stantcheva, S. (2018). ASimplerTheoryof Optimal CapitalTaxation. Journalof PublicEconomics, 162, 120-142. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jpubeco.2018.03.011
  • Uygun, E. (2022). “Vergiden Kaçınmayı Önlemeye Yönelik Küresel Asgari Kurumlar Vergisi”, International Journalof Public Finance, 7(1), 93-112.
  • Tax Juctice Network (2017c), “TJN Profit ShiftingTax LossEstimates”, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets//1r7jdxvq1nagjuukh1afnie3xvtycu7nc8bzwzjkkqk/edit#gid=389779094
  • Tax Juctice Network. (2023). Financial Secrecy Index 2023. TaxJustice Network. Https://Fsi.Taxjustice.Net/
  • Yıldız, A. ve Demir, M. (2019). Vergi Cennetleri Ve Küresel Gelir Eşitsizliği,Maliye Dergisi, Sayı: 176, 329-354,
  • Wier, L., & Zucman, G. (2022). Global profit shifting 1975–2020. EU Tax Observatory Working Paper. https://atlas-offshore-world.org
  • Wilson, J. D. (1986). A TheoryofInterregionalTaxCompetition. Journal Of Urban Economics, 19(3), 296-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/0094-1190(86)90045-8
  • Zucman, G. (2015). TheHiddenWealth Of Nations: TheScourgeof TaxHavens. University Of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226245560.001.0001
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There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Theory of Treasury
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özden Biberoğlu 0009-0008-0519-7179

Sami Buhur 0000-0002-3782-2388

Publication Date September 25, 2025
Submission Date February 27, 2025
Acceptance Date September 15, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 32 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Biberoğlu, Ö., & Buhur, S. (2025). Vergi Cennetlerindeki Vergi Kayıp ve Kaçakların Vergi Gelirleri Üzerindeki Etkisinin Uluslararası Boyutları ile İncelenmesi. Yönetim Ve Ekonomi Dergisi, 32(3), 561-584. https://doi.org/10.18657/yonveek.1648017