Global Input – Output Analysis: A Network Approach

Year 2017, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 89 - 102, 25.12.2017

Semanur Soyyiğit Çiğdem Boz

Abstract

Network
analysis, a tool that is used to analyze complex systems, which also appeared
in economics, which is defined as a complex – adaptive system. Although the
international trade networks and financial networks are most popular areas,
this method has been employed for input-output Networks.

In today’s
globalized production chain, international input-output network has a prominent
role since it captures input flows among each sector of each country which
occurs in the network. So, it can easily be understood why globalized
production chain is also called as ‘global production network’. Network
analysis is a significant tool since it takes international links among sectors
of national economies into consideration. Thus, findings of the analysis can be
informative about how a potential demand/supply shock in this global input flow
may affect this globalized production chain.

In this
study, global input-output tables will be examined and compared for 1995 and
2011, via network tools. It is aimed to reveal both inter-sectoral connectivity
and centralities of sectors and also change of these properties from 1995 to
2011. 

Keywords

Economic networks, Global production networks, Input-output networks

Küresel Girdi-Çıktı Analizi: Ağ Yaklaşımı

Abstract

Ağ analizi, kompleks-adaptif bir sistem olarak tanımladığımız
iktisatta da yer alan kompleks sistemlerin analiz edilmesinde kullanılan bir
araçtır. İktisatta en çok kullanıldığı alanlar uluslararası ticaret ağları ve
finansal ağlar olmakla birlikte, son dönemlerde girdi-çıktı ağlarının
analizinde de kullanılmaktadır.

Günümüzdeki küreselleşmiş üretim zincirinde, uluslararası
ticaret ağı, ağ içerisindeki her bir ülkenin her bir sektörü arasında
gerçekleşen girdi akışını yansıtması açısından önemli bir role sahiptir. Bu yapı
nedeniyle de, küreselleşmiş üretim zinciri artık ‘küresel üretim ağı’ olarak
anılmaktadır. Ağ analizi, ulusal ekonomilerin sektörleri arasındaki ilişkileri
dikkate almasından dolayı önemli bir araçtır. Bu nedenle, analizin bulguları,
olası bir talep ya da arz şokunun bu küresel girdi akışı içerisinde, söz konusu
küresel üretim ağını nasıl etkileyeceği konusunda bilgilendirici olabilir.

Bu çalışmada, 1995 ve 2011 yılları için küresel girdi-çıktı
tabloları ağ analizi yardımıyla analiz edilecek ve birbiri ile
karşılaştırılacaktır. Çalışma sonunda, sektörler arası bağlantısallık ve
sektörlerin merkeziliklerinin ortaya koyulması, ayrıca ağ özelliklerinin 1995
yılından 2011 yılına kadar geçirdiği değişimin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 

Keywords

Ekonomik ağlar, Küresel üretim ağı, Girdi-çıktı ağı

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