Endüstri 4.0’da Başarılı Olmak İçin Yükseköğretimde Atılması Gereken Adımlar

Year 2021, , 563 - 577, 31.12.2021

Nazlı Yüceol

https://doi.org/10.2399/yod.21.617715

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Toplumların ileri gitmesi, kalkınması, ekonomik anlamda rekabet edebilmesi, gelişmişlik düzeyleri ve daha birçok alt başlık eğitime bağlı olarak gerçekleşmektedir. Eğitim tüm bu alanlardaki değişimlerden hem etkilenmekte hem de tüm bu süreçleri etkilemektedir. Endüstri 4.0 olarak adlandırılan yeni dalga endüstri devriminden, istenilen sonuçların elde edilmesinin yolu ise yine eğitimden geçmektedir. Endüstri 4.0 ilk olarak Almanya’da ortaya çıkan ve otonom araçlar, giyilebilir teknolojiler yapay zekâ uygulamaları, blok zinciri, bulut bilişim sistemleri gibi uygulamaları içeren yeni sanayi devrimidir ve getirdiği yenilikler ile iş yapma şekillerini ve çalışanların sahip olması gereken yetkinlikler bağlamında değişiklikler yaratacaktır. Endüstri 4.0, sahip olunan vizyonun çok ötesinde üniversite öğrencilerinin mezun olduktan sonra hangi yeni bilgi, yetkinlik ve becerilere sahip olmaları gerektiğini, işgücünün kazanması gereken yeni becerilerin nasıl kazanılacağını ve tüm bunların sağlanabilmesi için yükseköğretimin yeniden yapılanmasını ve dönüşümünü gerektirmektedir. Bu bağlamda endüstri 4.0 eğitimin geleceğini yeniden şekillendirmektedir. Bu çalışma derleme türünde ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ulusal ve uluslararası literatür incelenerek yükseköğretim ve endüstri 4.0 bağlantısı ortaya konmuştur. Bu bağlamda amacımız, endüstri 4.0’ın gerekliliklerine paralel olarak yükseköğretimde atılması gereken adımlar ve mezunlara kazandırılması gereken yeni yetkinler ile ilgili genel bir değerlendirme ortaya koymaktır. Yükseköğretimde öğretim programlarının mevcut süreçlere ve değişimlere uyum sağlaması, çağın koşul ve isteklerine uygun nitelikte insan gücünün yetiştirilebilmesi için uluslararası standartlarda neler yapılması gerektiği, işgücünün sahip olması gereken yeni yetkinliklerin ve süreç ile ilgili izlenmesi gereken adımların neler olduğu hakkında çıkarımlarda bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

Endüstri 4.0, sanayi devrimleri, yükseköğretim

The Steps to be Taken in Higher Education for Successful Adaptation to Industry 4.0

Abstract

The progress of societies, their development, and their ability to compete economically depend on education. Education is both affected by changes in all these areas and affects them. The desired results from the new wave of industrial revolution called industry 4.0 can only be achieved through education as well. Industry 4.0 is the new industrial revolution that first appeared in Germany and includes applications such as autonomous vehicles, wearable technologies, artificial intelligence applications, block chain, and cloud computing systems. With the innovations brought by the revolution, it has been changing the ways of doing business and the competencies required from employees. Industry 4.0 requires university students to have new knowledge, competencies and skills before graduation, the workforce to acquire new skills, and the restructuring and transformation of higher education to achieve all of these. Thus, industry 4.0 is reshaping the future of education. This review study focuses on the connection of higher education and industry 4.0 by examining the national and international literature. It aims to present a general assessment of the steps to be taken in higher education in parallel with the requirements of industry 4.0 and the new competencies that should be acquired by graduates. It is concluded with some suggestions about what should be done regarding the international standards in order for the higher education curricula to adapt to the existing processes and changes, to train human resources in accordance with the conditions and demands of the age, what new competencies the workforce should have, and the steps to be followed regarding industry 4.0.

Keywords

Higher education, industrial revolutions, industry 4.0

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