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Avrupa Bilgi Toplumu ve yükseköğretim: Gelenek ve dönüşüm arasındaki üniversite*

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 95 - 103, 01.08.2012

Fatma Mızıkacı

Abstract

Bu çalışmada gelişmekte olan Avrupa Bilgi Toplumu ile ilgili olarak ortaya çıkan yeni sosyal riskler ve değerler dizisi değişimi, yükseköğretimin pay sahiplerinin görüşleri açısından incelenmiştir. Araştırma sorusu bilgi toplumu ile ilgili olarak yükseköğretimdeki yaklaşım değişimi, politikalar, uygulama, gerçeklik ve deneyim konularını kapsamaktadır. Araştırma altı Avrupa ülkesinde altmışaltı katılımcı ile bir yılda tamamlanmıştır. Veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ve odak grup toplantıları ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın tasarımı ve örneklem niteliksel araştırma yöntemlerinden kartopu yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Her odak grup toplatısında yeni sorular oluşmuş bu sorular görüşmelerin sorularını yapılandırmıştır. Ayrıca küçük bir grup ile başlanan odak grup toplantılarında görüşmeler için daha geniş bir katılımcı grubuna ulaşılmıştır. Veriler niteliksel veri analizi algı kodlama yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular Avrupadaki üniversitelerin geleneksel rollerini koruduklarını ve bilgi toplumunun geliştirilmesi için yeni bir role hazır olmadıklarını göstermiştir. Hızla değişen toplumda üniversiteler gelenek ile dönüşüm arasında bir ikilemle yüz yüze kalmışlardır. Üniversiteler Brüksel ve/veya ulusal kaynaklı değişim isteklerinin baskısı altındadır. Değişim baskısı küreselleşme sorunlarına yanıt vermekten çok kuramsal düzeyde kalmaktadır. Böylece toplumun dönüşmesinde rolü olan üniversitelerin, temel sorunlar nedeniyle, hızla değişmekte olan toplumun gerisinde kaldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Avrupa vizyonunda yer alan toplumun hızlı dönüşüm ihtiyacı ile Avrupa üniversitelerinin gerçeği arasındaki uçurum bu çalışmada ortaya çıkan önemli bir vargıdır.

Keywords

Avrupa Bilgi Toplumu dönüşüm gelenek yükseköğretim.

References

  • Bell, D. (1973). The coming of post-industrial society. A venture in social fore- casting. New York: Basic Books.
  • Bleiklie, I. (2005). Organizing higher education in a knowledge society. Higher Education, 49, 31-59.
  • Boudon, R. (1974) Education, opportunity and social inequality. New York: Wiley.
  • Burton-Jones, A. (1999). Knowledge capitalism: business, work, and learning in the new economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Commission (2003). The role of the universities in the Europe of knowledge. Brussels: COM (2003) 58 Final.
  • Deem, R. (2001). Globalization, new managerialism, academic capitalism and entrepreneurialism in universities: is the local dimension still important? Comparative Education, (37)1, 7-20.
  • Delanty, G. (2001). Challenging knowledge: the university in the knowledge society. Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1996). Landmarks of tomorrow: a report on the new "post- modern" world. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Fuller, S. (2003). The university: A social technology for producing uni- versal knowledge. Technology in Society, (25)2, 217-234.
  • Gall, M. D., Borg, W. R., and Gall, J. P. (1996). Educational research: An introduction. New York: Longman.
  • Hayek, F.A. (1945). The use of knowledge in society. The American Economic Review, (35), 519-530.
  • Husén, T. (1987). Higher education and social stratification: An internation- al comparative study, Paris: UNESCO/IIEP, .
  • Krüger, K. , and Jiménez, J.(2008). The social function of higher education in the social models of the European knowledge society. Barcelona: Final Report of NESOR Project..
  • Lane, R. E. (1966). The decline of politics and ideology in a knowledge- able society. American Sociological Review, (21)5, 649-662.
  • Laurillard, D. (2002). Rethinking teaching for the knowledge society. EDUCAUSE Review, (37)1, 16-25.
  • Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research. Family Practice (13)6, 522-525.
  • McMillan, J. H., and Schumacher, S. (1993). Research in education: A con- ceptual understanding. New York: Harper & Collins.
  • Rinne, R., and Koivula, J. (2005). The changing place of the university and a clash of values: The entrepreneurial university in the European Knowledge Society: A review of the literature. Higher Education Management and Policy, (17)3, 91-123.
  • Säfström, C. A. (2005). The European knowledge society and the dimin- ishing state control of education: the case of Sweden. Journal of Education Policy, (20)5, 583-593.
  • Schön, D. A. (1987). Educating the reflective practitioner: toward a new design for teaching and learning in the professions. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.
  • Sewell, W. H., Hauser, R. M., and Feathermann, D. L. (1976). Schooling and achievementin American society. New York: Academic Press.
  • Teichler, U., Hartung, D., and Nuthmann, R. (1980). Higher education and the needs of society, Windsor: NFER Publication.
  • Valimaa, J., and Hoffman, D. (2008). Knowledge society discourse and higher education. Higher Education, (6), 265-285.
  • Ylijoki, O. H. (2003). Entangled in academic capitalism? A case-study on changing ideals and practices of university research. Higher Education, (45)3, 307-335.
  • Wiersma, W. (1995). Research methods in education: An introduction (6th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

European Knowledge Society and Higher Education: Universities between the Tradition and Transformation*

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 95 - 103, 01.08.2012

Fatma Mızıkacı

Abstract

This study examines the role of universities in the European Knowledge Society as regards to new social risks and paradigm change as perceived by the shareholders of higher education institutions. The research questions addressed attitude change in universities for reform; the universities responsiveness to possible social risks and opportunities for the graduates; and the institutional practices regarding curricula and governance which may lead to knowledge society. The study was conducted in six European countries with sixty six participants and completed in one year. Research was designed based on the qualitative research approach. Snowball technique was used to design research and to identify the sampling. Data were gathered through interviews and focus group meetings. Each focus group contributed to extend the number of participants and improve more questions in the interviews. Data gathered from the interviews and focus group meetings were analysed using perception coding system. Results showed that universities in Europe keep their traditional role and are not ready to acknowledge a role in the development of European Knowledge Society. The challenges they face in a transforming society create a dilemma between the tradition and transformation. They are under the pressure of Brussels-directed changes and/or national context and regulation. Major outcomes of the research addressed the reality of the university in Europe lag them behind the role given by the European vision. The gap between the societys need for dynamic transformation, which is expressed as an ambitious goal in the European vision, and the universitys traditional existence and resistance to transformation was highlighted.

Keywords

European Knowledge Society higher education tradition transformation.

References

  • Bell, D. (1973). The coming of post-industrial society. A venture in social fore- casting. New York: Basic Books.
  • Bleiklie, I. (2005). Organizing higher education in a knowledge society. Higher Education, 49, 31-59.
  • Boudon, R. (1974) Education, opportunity and social inequality. New York: Wiley.
  • Burton-Jones, A. (1999). Knowledge capitalism: business, work, and learning in the new economy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Commission (2003). The role of the universities in the Europe of knowledge. Brussels: COM (2003) 58 Final.
  • Deem, R. (2001). Globalization, new managerialism, academic capitalism and entrepreneurialism in universities: is the local dimension still important? Comparative Education, (37)1, 7-20.
  • Delanty, G. (2001). Challenging knowledge: the university in the knowledge society. Buckingham: The Society for Research into Higher Education and Open University Press.
  • Drucker, P. F. (1996). Landmarks of tomorrow: a report on the new "post- modern" world. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Fuller, S. (2003). The university: A social technology for producing uni- versal knowledge. Technology in Society, (25)2, 217-234.
  • Gall, M. D., Borg, W. R., and Gall, J. P. (1996). Educational research: An introduction. New York: Longman.
  • Hayek, F.A. (1945). The use of knowledge in society. The American Economic Review, (35), 519-530.
  • Husén, T. (1987). Higher education and social stratification: An internation- al comparative study, Paris: UNESCO/IIEP, .
  • Krüger, K. , and Jiménez, J.(2008). The social function of higher education in the social models of the European knowledge society. Barcelona: Final Report of NESOR Project..
  • Lane, R. E. (1966). The decline of politics and ideology in a knowledge- able society. American Sociological Review, (21)5, 649-662.
  • Laurillard, D. (2002). Rethinking teaching for the knowledge society. EDUCAUSE Review, (37)1, 16-25.
  • Marshall, M. N. (1996). Sampling for qualitative research. Family Practice (13)6, 522-525.
  • McMillan, J. H., and Schumacher, S. (1993). Research in education: A con- ceptual understanding. New York: Harper & Collins.
  • Rinne, R., and Koivula, J. (2005). The changing place of the university and a clash of values: The entrepreneurial university in the European Knowledge Society: A review of the literature. Higher Education Management and Policy, (17)3, 91-123.
  • Säfström, C. A. (2005). The European knowledge society and the dimin- ishing state control of education: the case of Sweden. Journal of Education Policy, (20)5, 583-593.
  • Schön, D. A. (1987). Educating the reflective practitioner: toward a new design for teaching and learning in the professions. San Francisco: Jossey- Bass.
  • Sewell, W. H., Hauser, R. M., and Feathermann, D. L. (1976). Schooling and achievementin American society. New York: Academic Press.
  • Teichler, U., Hartung, D., and Nuthmann, R. (1980). Higher education and the needs of society, Windsor: NFER Publication.
  • Valimaa, J., and Hoffman, D. (2008). Knowledge society discourse and higher education. Higher Education, (6), 265-285.
  • Ylijoki, O. H. (2003). Entangled in academic capitalism? A case-study on changing ideals and practices of university research. Higher Education, (45)3, 307-335.
  • Wiersma, W. (1995). Research methods in education: An introduction (6th ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA45JT28NJ
Journal Section Original Empirical Research
Authors

Fatma Mızıkacı This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mızıkacı, F. (2012). Avrupa Bilgi Toplumu ve yükseköğretim: Gelenek ve dönüşüm arasındaki üniversite*. Yükseköğretim Dergisi, 2(2), 95-103.

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