Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller, 1873) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nın Farklı Besinlerdeki Vücut Gelişme Oranları ve Yumurta İle Vücut Büyüklüğü Arasındaki İlişki

Year 2016, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 1 - 12, 30.06.2016

Ali Kemal Birgücü Şirin Başoğlu Yakup Çelikpençe İsmail Karaca

Abstract

 

Özet: Çalışmada, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller, 1873) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)’nın ergin ve ergin öncesi dönemlerinin vücut gelişimi üzerine farklı larva besinlerinin etkileri araştırılmıştır. Denemede, domates bitkisi, patates bitkisi, patlıcan bitkisi ve patates yumrusu olmak üzere dört farklı besin çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Birinci ve ikinci larva dönemleri arasında, larva ağırlığı bakımından en yüksek artış indeksi (5,00) patates bitkisinde beslenen larvalarda görülmüştür. Bu bireylerin ikinci ve üçüncü larva dönemleri arasında ise, gösterdiği larva ağırlık artış indeksi (4,28) bakımından, en yüksek artışa neden olan besin patates yumrusu olmuştur. Üçüncü ve dördüncü larva dönemleri arasında, larva boyunun (0,26) ve ağırlığının (0,84) artış indeksleri bakımından patates yumrusu en az artışa neden olan besin olmuştur. Pupa büyüklüğü ve ağırlığı bakımından da, en yüksek etki gösteren besinin patates yumrusu olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ergin bireylerin kanat açıklığının ve boyunun, larva döneminde patates yumrusu ile beslenen bireylerde, en uzun olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, larva döneminde patates yumrusu ile beslenen ergin bireylerin bıraktıkları yumurtalar (0,17 mm²), diğer besinlerle beslenen ergin bireylerin bıraktıkları yumurtalara göre en iri yumurtalar olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, larva döneminde kullanılan besinin, P. operculella’nın hem ergin öncesi hem de ergin döneminde vücut gelişimi üzerine etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, pupa ağırlığının (R²=0,48) ve ergin boyunun (R²=0,12) yumurta büyüklüğü ile önemli seviyede bir ilişkisinin olmadığı saptanmıştır. Bu nedenle, zararlının kitle üretimi yapılırken iri bireylerin seçilmesinin üretim kalitesi açısından çok önemli olmadığı anlaşılmıştır.

The Body Growth Rates on Different Foods and the Relationship between Egg-Body Sizes of Phthorimaea operculella

Abstract

The study investigated the impact of larval food on body growth in mature and immature stages of Phthorimaea operculella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). To this end, eggplant, potato and tomato plants were used as well as potato tuber as larval food. With regards to larval weight, the highest larval body growth index (LBGI) between the first-second larval stages was observed at the larvae fed on potato plants by the rate of 5.00, but the highest LBGI between the second-third larval stages was seen at the larvae fed on potato tubers with 4.28 increase rates. Between the third-fourth larval stages, potato tuber caused the least increase in terms of growth indexes calculated on larval length and weight (0.26 and 0.84, respectively). Also, potato tuber showed the highest impact on pupal size and weight. It was seen that wingspan and length of the adults that fed on potato tuber during the larval stage were the longest. Additionally, eggs (0.17 mm²) laid by the adults that fed on potato tuber during the larval stage were the largest eggs according to those laid by the adults that fed on other foods during the larval stage. Consequently, larval food had an important role on body growth in both of immature and mature stages of P. operculella. Also, both of pupal weight (R²=0.48) and adult length (R²=0.12) had a weak relationship with egg size. Therefore, it was understood that the selection of large individuals during mass production of the pest was not so important to increase the prospects of mass production.

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