İkincil Travmanın Dijital Boyutu: Van Depremini Yaşayan Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kahramanmaraş Depremleri Sonrasında Medya Kullanımı ve Psikolojik Sağlığının İncelenmesi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 2023 Kahramanmaraş merkezli depremler sonrasında üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşadığı psikolojik etkileri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, afet sonrası depresyon, anksiyete, stres ve genel psikolojik sıkıntı düzeylerine odaklanmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Van’da ikamet eden 304 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği (DASS-21) ile araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sosyodemografik ve medya kullanımına ilişkin soru formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Bulgular, depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeyleri arasında güçlü ve pozitif yönlü ilişkiler olduğunu göstermektedir. Yaş ile psikolojik sıkıntı düzeyleri arasında negatif yönlü ilişkiler saptanmıştır. Kadın öğrencilerin psikolojik sıkıntı düzeylerinin erkek öğrencilere kıyasla daha yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Cinsiyetin afet sonrası psikolojik sağlık üzerinde anlamlı bir değişken olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca medya kullanımındaki artışın psikolojik sıkıntı düzeyiyle pozitif yönde ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, özellikle sosyal medyaya yoğun maruziyetin travmatik içeriklere duyarlılığı artırarak ikincil travma riskini yükseltebileceğine işaret etmektedir. Çalışma, afet sonrası ruh sağlığı müdahalelerinin yaş, toplumsal cinsiyet ve medya maruziyeti gibi çok boyutlu faktörler dikkate alınarak yapılandırılması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Keywords

• Doğal Afetler
• Deprem
• Üniversite Öğrencileri
• Travma
• Psikolojik Sağlık
• Medya Maruziyeti

The Digital Dimension of Secondary Trauma: An Examination of Media Use and Psychological Health of University Students Who Experienced the Van Earthquake Following the Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes

Abstract

This study aims to examine the psychological effects experienced by university students following the 2023 Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquakes. The research focuses on levels of post-disaster depression, anxiety, stress, and general psychological distress. The sample of the study consists of 304 university students residing in Van. Data were collected using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and a sociodemographic and media use questionnaire prepared by the researchers. The findings show strong and positive correlations between depression, anxiety, and stress levels. A negative correlation was found between age and psychological distress levels. It was observed that female students had higher levels of psychological distress compared to male students. Gender was determined to be a significant variable on post-disaster psychological health. In addition, an increase in media use was found to be positively correlated with the level of psychological distress. The findings indicate that intense exposure to social media, in particular, may increase sensitivity to traumatic content, thereby raising the risk of secondary trauma. The study reveals that post-disaster mental health interventions should be structured taking into account multidimensional factors such as age, gender, and media exposure.

Keywords

• Natural Disasters
• Earthquake
• University Students
• Trauma
• Psychological Health
• Media Exposure

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