Eugénie Grandet Ya da Kentsoylu Bir Ailenin Dramatik Öyküsü

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 59, 205 - 225, 31.03.2023

Uğur Yönten

https://doi.org/10.53568/yyusbed.1220149

Öz

Balzac'ın 1833'te yayınlanan Eugénie Grandet'si, 19. yüzyılın ilk yarısında bir kentsoylu ailesinin dramatik öyküsüdür. Bu aile, cimri ve despot bir baba Félix Grandet, sadık bir eş Bayan Grandet, baba boyunduruğu altında ezilmiş genç bir kız Eugénie Grandet ve oldukça sessiz hizmetkâr Nanon'dan oluşur. Ailenin reisi Félix Grandet, İnsanlık Komedyası’nın en büyük saplantılılarından biridir. Eşiyle çok zengin olduğu için evlenir, büyük emlak vurgunu yapar ve Saumur eyaletinde milyoner olur. Taşrasının en zengin adamı olmasına rağmen, servetini tüketme korkusuyla sefil bir hayat sürmeye devam eder. Aynı zamanda cimriliğini evin kadınlarına dayatır ve hayatlarını çekilmez hale getirir. Günlük hayatın vazgeçilmezleri olan maddelerde bile tutumluluk politikası yürütür. Şeker, kahve, mum ve odun devamlı onun gözlemi altındadır. Tutumlu bir hayatın kurbanları olan evin kadınları, cimriliğinden asla vazgeçmeyen Félix Grandet’ye daima boyun eğmek zorundadırlar. Bu makalede, cimrilik ve açgözlülüğün kentsoylu bir ailede nasıl büyük bir yıkıma yol açtığını ve bunun sonucu olarak kadın kahramanların yaşadıkları dramları tematik açıdan incelemeye çalışacağız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

balzac, eugenie Grandet, cimrilik

Eugénie Grandet or the Dramatic Story of a Bourgeois Family

Öz

Balzac’s Eugénie Grandet, published in 1833, is the dramatic story of a bourgeois family in the first half of the 19th century. This family is made up of a miserly and despotic father Félix Grandet, a devoted wife Mrs. Grandet, a young girl crushed under the paternal yoke, Eugénie Grandet and the very quiet servant, Nanon. Félix Grandet, head of the family, is one of the great monomaniacs of The Human Comedy. He marries his wife because she is very rich, he makes great real estate speculations and becomes a millionaire in the province of Saumur. Although he is the richest man in his province, he continues to lead a miserable life for fear of exhausting his fortune. At the same time, he imposes his avarice on the women of the house and makes their life unbearable. He carries out a policiy of frugality, even in substances that are indispensable for daily life. Sugar, coffee, candless and wood are under hi constant surveillance. The women of the house, the victims of a frugal life, must always submit to Félix Grandet, who never gave up on his stinginess. In this article, we will try to examine how stinginess and greed cause great destruction in a bourgeois family and as a result the dramas of the heroines from a thematic point of view.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Balzac, eugenie Grandet, stinginess

Kaynakça

• Balzac, H. de.(1851). Le Faiseur. http://libretheatre.fr/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Mercadet_Balzac_LT2.pdf
• Balzac, H. de. (1984). Eugénie Grandet, Grands Ecrivains.
• Balzac, H. de. (1968). L’Enfant Maudit, Editions Rencontre.
• Balzac, H. de. (1974). Illusions Perdues, Gallimard.
• Balzac, H. de. (2004). Le Père Goriot, Stéphane Vachon.
• Bellesort, A. (1946). Balzac et son oeuvre, Librairie Académique Perrin.
• Bertault, P. (1946). Balzac, L’Homme et L’Oeuvre, Boivin & Cie.
• Bridge, C. (1999). La Femme En Tant Que Bouc Emissaire Dans La Littérature du Dix-Neuvième Siècle, [Master of Arts, Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics University of Lethbridge]
• Brière, K. (2020). Les symptômes du manger: troubles et conduites alimentaires dans la littérature réaliste et naturaliste du XIXe siècle, [Thèse de doctorat, Département d’Etudes françaises, Université de Toronto].
• Brooker, J.T. (1981). Starting at the End in “Eugénie Grandet”, L’Esprit Créateur, Vo. 31, No. 3, 38-48, https://www.jstor.org/stable/26286619
• Chitwood, E. A. (1943). The Miser in La Comédie Humaine, [Doctoral Thesis, University of Wisconsin].
• Djanfar, M. (2007). Le Silence à Travers Le Roman Eugénie Grandet d’Honoré de Balzac, [Mémoire de Maitrise Es Lettres, Université de Toamasina, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Département d’Etudes Françaises].
• Fischler, A. (1981). Show and Rumor: The Worldly Scales in Balzac’s Eugénie Grandet, International Fictional Review, Volume 8, Number 22, 98-105, https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/IFR/article/view
• Latimer, S. C. (2013). La Corruption dans les romans de Balzac: une étude des personnages, des institutions et des mœurs, [Master of Arts, Texas Tech University].
• Le Huenen, R. et Perron, P. (1977). Le Système des Objets dans Eugénie Grandet, Littérature, no.26, 94-119, https://www.persee.fr/doc/litt_0047-4800_1977_num_26_2_2070
• Lucey, M. (2001). Legal Melancholy: Balzac’s Eugénie Grandet and Napoleonic Code, Representations, Vol 76, No 1, 1-26, https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/rep.2002.76.1.1
• Marinčič, K. (2000). Eugénie Grandet d’Honoré de Balzac: l’histoire secrète d’une écriture romanesque. Acta Neophilologica, 33(1-2), 49-60, https:// journals.unilj.si/ActaNeophilologica/article/view/6512/6190
• Mitchell, D.L. (1972). La Jeune Fille Dans La Comédie Humaine d’Honoré de Balzac, [These of Master, The University of British Columbia].
• Mozet, N. (2000). La Province balzacienne confrontée au temps de la civilisation, Y. Leclerc et A. Djourachkovitch (Ed.) Province-Paris. Topographie littéraire du XIXe siècle (58-71). Presses universitaires de Rouen et du Havre. https://books.openedition.org/purh/11265
• Pignol, C. (2016). Les Pathologies de L’Intérêt dans Eugénie Grandet: Richesse, déraison et despotisme, L’Harmattan-L’Homme et La Société. no.200, 223-238, https://www.cairn. info/revue-i-homme-et-la- societe-2016-2-page-223.htm
• Princen, A. (2018). “L’enchantement romanesque”, in: Balzac, H. de (2018) : Eugénie Grandet, 17-26, Flammarion.
• Pryweller, A.G. (2006). Framing The Dominant and The Dominé: Symbolic Violence in Balzac’s Eugénie Grandet and Le Père Goriot, [Master of Arts, Miami University, Department of French and Italien].
• Reffait, C. (2016). Le don, entre toute-puissance et pathologie, L’Homme & la Société,no.200, 205-222, https://www.cairn.info/revue-l-homme-et-la-societe-2016-2-page-205.htm
• Reid, M. (2018). Pain ou galette? Table et nourriture dans Eugénie Grandet, LITTERA, no.3, 66-74, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/littera/3/0/3_66/_article/-char/ja/
• Reverzy, E. (2008). Balzac, Eugénie Grandet, Flammarion.
• Sarr, A. (2004). Ethique Bourgeoise Dans L’Oeuvre de Balzac: Eugénie Grandet, La Recherche de L’Absolu, Le Père Goriot, Illusions Perdues, [Thèse de Doctorat, Université de Cheikh Anta Diop].
• Vanoncini, A. (2006). Le statut philosophique de l’or dans “La Comédie Humaine”, Presses Universitaires de France-L’Année balzacienne, no.7, 179-192, https://www.cairn.info/revue-l-annee-balzacienne-2006-1- page-179.htm