Distribution and Biomorphological Evaluation of Oat (Avena L.) Populations in Azerbaijan

Abstract

The study aims to examine the biomorphological features and distribution of oat species naturally occurring in Azerbaijan. The research carried out biomorphological assessments of 10 oat species collected from various regions of Azerbaijan, recording 29 quantitative and 16 qualitative traits. Additionally, ecogeographical and phytocenological features were noticed. The expedition included 50 routes, undertaken between 2019 and 2024, covering all botanical-geographic regions of Azerbaijan. A collection of 230 herbarium and seed materials, was gathered following international descriptor guidelines. A species distribution map was created using the Diva-GIS program, based on fond and expedition data, with geographical coordinates recorded using a GPS device. Cluster analysis was performed using SPSS Win software. The study demonstrated that oat species are predominantly found in the botanical-geographic regions of Absheron and the Kura-Araz lowlands. Geobotanical and floristic studies indicated that oat species are widely distributed in cereal-legume-mixed formations, associations of xerophilous shrubs, grass vegetation, cultivated fields, and are commonly found along roadsides, in crops, meadows, and coastal sand dunes. The cluster analysis divided the species of this genus into two main groups based on morphological traits: Group I included species from the subsection Aristulatae Malz., while Group II included species from the subsection Denticulatae Malz.

Keywords

• Avena
• population
• biomorphology
• SPSS
• Diva-Gis

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