Using Glycerol, a Byproduct of Biodiesel Production, in Ruminant Nutrition as a Energy Source

Abstract

Glycerol is colorless, odorless, hygroscopic, and sweet-tasting viscous liquid. Synonymous names for glycerol include glycerin, glycerine, propane-1,2,3-triol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, 1,2,3trihydroxypropane, glyceritol, and glycyl alcohol. Glycerol that is a trihydroxy sugar alcohol is an intermediate in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Due to its moisturizing properties, high energy content and high solubility index in water, glycerol is widely used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. Recently, with expansion of the biofuels industry including further processing of canola, sunflower and soybean oil to produce biodiesel there is a potential for increased availability of unrefined glycerol, a byproduct, as a valuable energy source for ruminant animals. Although glycerol may be an alternative energy source for ruminant animals there are unanswered question regarding the handling, inclusion rates, impact and contamination status, and feeding value compared with other energy sources. In this review, some of the attributes and issues pertinent of glycerol as a replacement for grain feeds and source of alternative energy in ruminant nutrition were reviewed and current knowledge on this issue was summerized.

Keywords

• Biodiesel
• Glycerol
• Energy and ruminant

Biyodizel Üretimi Sırasında Yan Ürün Olan Gliserolün Ruminant Beslemede Enerji Kaynağı Olarak Kullanımı

Öz

Gliserol, renksiz, kokusuz ve tatlı yapışkan bir sıvıdır. Gliserol gliserin, propan-1,2,3-triol, 1,2,3propanetriol, 1,2,3-trihidroksipropan, gliserol ve glikol alkol olarak da adlandırılmaktadır. Bu tanımlamayla gliserol, polar organik bir trihidroksi alkol olup karbonhidrat ve lipid metabolizmasında ara üründür. Nemlendirici özelliği, enerji içeriği ve suda çözünürlük indeksinin yüksek olması nedeniyle gıda, ilaç ve kozmetik sanayide yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Biyoyakıt endüstrisinin son yıllarda ilerlemesi ile biyodizel üretmek üzere kanola, ayçiçeği ve soya gibi yağlı tohum bitkilerinden elde edilen yağlar ve hayvansal yağların katalizör eşliğinde kısa zincirli bir alkol ile reaksiyonu sonucunda yan ürün olarak ruminant hayvanlarda değerli bir enerji kaynağı olan gliserin elde edilmektedir. Gliserol ruminantlar için alternatif bir enerji kaynağı olarak görülse de gliserolün diğer enerji kaynakları ile karşılaştırıldığında besleme değeri, bulaşıklık durumu ve bunun etkisi, rasyonlara ilave edilecek düzeyi ile ilgili olarak cevaplanmamış birçok soru bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede biyodizel üretimi esnasında ortaya çıkan gliserolün, alternatif enerji kaynağı olarak uygun nitelikleri ve ruminant beslemede kullanım olanakları irdelenmiş ve bu konudaki güncel bilgiler özetlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Biyodizel
• Gliserol
• Enerji ve ruminant

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