Effect of Fusarium Head Blight on Total Protein and Carbonhydrate Contents of Wheat

Abstract

Fusarium culmorum is one of the pathogens causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in winter wheat. The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of the head scab on its yield as well as total carbohydrate and protein content. Four different wheat varieties (Saggittario, Tosunbey, Golia and Yunak) and a DON chemotype of the fungus were employed in the research. Heads were syringeinoculated with conidial suspension of the fungus during wheat anthesis. Disease severity was assessed by measuring the diseased spikelet relative to the whole head. Carbohydrates and protein contents in Fusarium-damaged and healthy kernels were analyzed using Anthron and Kjeldahl method, respectively. Disease severity differed greatly among varieties, resulting reduced a thousand kernel weight (TKW). Protein contents did not changed in FHB infested kernels compared to control parcels, although carbohydrate ration reduced in FHB infested kernels of two of the varieties compared to control parcels.

Keywords

• Carbohydrate content, Fusarium culmorum, Tousand kernel weight, Protein content

Fusarium Başak Yanıklığının Buğdayda Toplam Protein ve Karbonhidrat İçeriğine Etkisi

Öz

Fusarium culmorum Fusarium başak yanıklığına (Fusarium head blight; FHB) sebep olan önemli bir fungustur. Bu çalışmanın amacı F. culmorum ile enfeksiyon sonucu verime ve protein ile karbonhidrat içeriğine olan etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışmada 4 buğday çeşidi (Saggittario, Tosunbey, Golia ve Yunak) ve fungusun virülensliği tespit edilmiş bir izolatı kullanılmıştır. Fungusun spor süspansiyonu çiçeklenme döneminde başaklara şırınga ile enfekte edilmiştir. Hastalık şiddeti hastalıklı başakçık alanının tüm başağa oranı alınarak hesaplanmıştır. Hastalıklı ve sağlıklı tanelerde karbonhidrat ve protein içeriği sırasıyla Anthron ve Kjeldahl metodu kullanılarak saptanmıştır. Hastalık şiddeti çeşitler arasında büyük oranda farklılıklar göstermiş ve başak enfeksiyonu bin dane ağırlığının (BDA) düşmesini sonuçlamıştır. FHB ile bulaşık danelerde, kontrollere kıyasla protein oranı açısından bir farklılık oluşmadığı, fakat iki çeşitte karbonhidrat içeriğinin FHB ile bulaşık tohumlarda istatistiki olarak düştüğü görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bin dane ağırlığı, Fusarium culmorum, Karbonhidrat içeriği, Protein içeriği

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