Tuz Stresi altında Yetiştirilen Karpuz Fidelerinde İyon Birikim ve Dağıtım Mekanizmalarının((Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.) Belirlenmesi

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine ion accumulation and distribution mechanisms in watermelon. Salt sensitive Golden crown F1 and salt tolerant Midyat genotype Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.) seedlings were grown in Hoagland nutrient solution. When plants had 3-4 true leaves, 100 mM NaCl was applied. Shoot fresh weights, Na+ , K + , Ca +2 ion distribution in root, stem and leaves of the plants subjected to 14 days salt stress were determined. Salt tolerant Midyat genotype had higher shoot fresh weight than salt sensitive Golden crown F variety. Ion (Na+ , K + , Ca +2 ) accumulation in Golden crown F variety root was higher than Midyat genotype.Nevertheless, while Na ion accumulation in the shoot of the Golden Crown Fcultivars were higher, no differences between genotypes were determined for K+ , Ca +2 ions. Na was higher in salt sensitive variety’s leaves, whereas, K+ and Ca+2 ions accumulation was higher in Midyat genotype’s leaves. As a result, it was determined in this study that salt avoidance mechanism worked in watermelon. Additionally, it was observed that watermelon acted to be selective in ion uptake, there was a competition in terms of K+ and Na+ ions uptake and this salt-tolerant genotype had higher K+ accumulation rate. There was an increase in K accumulation in salt stress treated plants. A reverse relationship between K and Na ions was determined in ion distribution among organs. While N accumulation in an organ increased K ion accumulation decreased in that organ, and vice versa. Accumulation of Ca ions increased from root of the plant towards to leaves.

Keywords

• Ion accumulation, Ion distrubition, Organ, Salt stress, Watermelon

Identification of Ion Accumulation and Distribution Mechanisms in Watermelon Seedlings ((Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.) Grown under Salt Stress

Öz

Tuza hassas Golden crown F ve tolerant yerel Midyat genotipine ait karpuz (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.) fideleri Hoagland besin çözeltisi içerisinde büyütülmüştür. Bitkiler 3-4 gerçek yaprağa sahip iken 100 mM NaCl uygulanmıştır. 14 gün süreyle tuz stresi uygulanan bitkilerin yeşil aksam ağırlıklarına, kök, gövde ve yapraklarındaki Na, K, Ca iyon dağılımlarına bakılmıştır. Çalışmadaki amaç karpuzda iyon birikim ve dağılım mekanizmasını belirlemektir. Tuza toleranslı olan Midyat genotipinin yeşil aksam yaş ağırlığı, hassas olan Golden crown F çeşidine göre daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Ayrıca Golden crown F çeşidinin bitkilerinin köklerindeki iyon birikimleri (Na, K, Ca) Midyat genotipinden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Fakat Golden crown F çeşidinin gövde kısmında biriktirdiği Na iyonu yüksek çıkarken, K+ , Ca +2 iyonları bakımından genotipler arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Yapraklarda ise Na+ iyonu yine hassas olan çeşitte yüksek, toleranslı Midyat genotipinde düşük bulunmuş, Midyat genotipinde K + ve Ca iyonları birikimi daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada gözlemlenen, karpuzda tuzdan sakınım mekanizmasının çalıştığıdır. Ayrıca, karpuzun iyon alımında seçici davrandığını, K ile Na arasında alınım bakımından bir rekabetin olduğunu ve tolerant genotiplerin yüksek oranda K tutma kapasitesine sahip olduklarını gösterdiği gibi, tuz stresi uygulanmış bitkilerin K birikimlerinde artışın olduğu görülmüştür. Organlara göre iyon dağılımında, Na iyonu ile K iyonu zıt ilişki göstermiştir. Na iyonunun arttığı organda K azalırken, Na’nın az biriktiği organda K iyonu artmıştır. Ca iyonun bitkinin köklerinden yapraklarına doğru birikimi artmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İyon birikimi, İyon dağılımı, Organ, Tuz stresi, Karpuz

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