Pollination Biology of Cherry Laurel and Pollinizer Effects on Fruit Characteristics

Abstract

In this study, fertilization biology of the naturally grown cherry laurels was investigated and pollinizers effects on fruit quality have been demonstrated. This was the first research on pollination biology of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.) and was conducted among three mother and two male parents in 2011 and 2012 years. Pollen viability of types was determined before the pollinations treatments and no differences were found among the types. Open, self and cross-pollination experiments were performed in vivo. Initial fruit set was monitored by counting fruits at 20^th, 40 ^th and 60 ^th days after pollination (after flowers-small fruit drop, small fruit drop and June drop) and the final fruit set was recorded in the second week of July that at the beginning of fruit ripening phenophase. Percentage of fruit set was calculated by comparing the number of set fruit with pollinated flowers. Flowering was overlap among the types that it was a good predictor of pollinizers success when consider an orchard design. Initial fruit set was very high but there was severe fruit drop in first 40 days. Variation in final fruit set was attributable to the pollen source effects. Accoding to results, Type 16 was the better pollinizers for all the mother types. Fruit set was increased with cross-pollination which indicates a clear self-incompatibility for cherry laurel. Pollen source significantly affected the fruit quality parameters. 

Key words: Prunus laurocerasus L., pollen viability, pollination, fruit set, fruit characteristics 

 

Keywords

• Prunus laurocerasus L., Pollen viability, Pollination, Fruit set, Fruit characteristics

Karayemişin Tozlanma Biyolojisi ve Tozlayıcıların Meyve Tutumu ve Kalitesine Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada karayemişin (P. laurocerasus L.) döllenme biyolojisi incelenmiş ve tozlayıcıların meyve kalitesine etkileri ortaya konmuştur. Karayemişin tozlanması üzerine ilk çalışma niteliği taşıyan bu çalışmada, üç ana bitki ve iki tozlayıcı bitki yer almış, in vivo koşullarda serbest tozlanma, kendileme ve karşılıklı tozlanma yapılmıştır. Denemede yer alan tozlayıcıların çiçek tozu canlılıkları arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Başlangıçtaki meyve tutumu tozlanmadan itibaren 20., 40. ve 60. günlerde (çiçek-küçük meyve dökümünden sonra, küçük meyve dökümünden sonra ve haziran dökümünden sonra) dalda kalan meyveler sayılarak tespit edilmiştir. Son meyve tutumu Temmuz ayının ikinci haftasında, meyve olgunlaşma döneminin başlangıcında tespit edilmiştir. Tozlamada yer alan çiçek sayısı gelişen meyvelere oranlanarak yüzde meyve tutumu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada başlangıçtaki meyve tutumu çok yüksek olmuş, ancak tozlanmadan sonraki ilk 40 gün içinde şiddetli dökümler görülmüştür. Sonuçtaki meyve tutumu serbest, kendileme veya karşılıklı tozlanma durumuna göre, tozlayıcı kaynağından önemli oranda etkilenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, genotip 16 tüm ana çeşitler için en iyi tozlayıcı olmuştur. Meyve tutumunun karşılıklı tozlanmada artması karayemişin kendine uyuşmaz olduğunu göstermiştir. Polen kaynağı meyve kalite parametrelerini istatistiksel olarak etkilemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Prunus laurocerasus L., Polen canlılığı, Tozlanma, Meyve tutumu, Meyve özellikleri

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