Çeşitli Kültür Bitkilerinden İzole Edilen Endofitik Bakterilerin Karakterizasyonu ve Bitki Patojeni Bakterilere Karşı Antagonistik Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı çeşitli kültür bitkilerinden izole edilen endofitik bakterilerin (EB) karakterizasyonunu yapmak ve bazı bitki patojeni bakterilere karşı antagonistik etkiye sahip olanlarını belirlemektir. Bu amaçla, Van ili ve civarında yaygın olarak yetiştirilen bazı kültür bitkilerinden fide ve vejetatif dönemde alınan örneklerin yoğun yüzey sterilizasyonuna tabi tutulan kök, gövde, sürgün ve yaprak dokularından 191 endofitik bakteri (EB) izole edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu izolatların PGPR markörlerinden olan; azot fiksasyonu kabiliyeti, fosfatı çözündürme kabiliyeti, aminosiklopropan-1-karboksilat deaminaz (ACC-d) üretimi, indol-3-asetik asit (IAA) üretimi ve siderofor üretimi açısından in-vitro karakterizasyonları yapılmıştır. İzolatların %58.9’unun gram (-), %41.1’inin gram (+) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. V33K1, V35Y1, V34G1, V17G2, V30Y3, V38K1, V17K1 ve V36Y2 kodlu EB izolatlarının azot fiksasyonu dışında diğer tüm kategorilerde aktivite gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. 25 izolat 3 farklı kategoride, 59 izolat 2 farklı kategoride, 67 izolat sadece 1 kategoride aktivite gösterirken, 21 izolat hiçbir kategoride etkinlik gösterememiştir. Ayrıca V30Y3 ve V30G2 kodlu izolatların bitki patojeni 7 farklı bakteri izolatına karşı antagonistik etkiye sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Tartılı derecelendirme puanlarına ve antagonistik etkilerine göre seçilen izolatların 16s rDNA dizi analiz sonuçları ile V40K2’nin Bacillus velezensis (MN186863), V30Y3’ün Bacillus megaterium (MN187955), V30G2’nin Pseudomonas caspiana (MN128080), V31Y4’nin Pantoea sp. (MT249279) ve V33K2’nin Bacillus sp. (MT249109) olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• PGPR
• Fosfatı çözündürme
• ACC deaminaz
• indol-3-asetik asit
• siderofor
• Antagonizm

Characterization of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Various Cultivated Plants and Determination of their Antagonistic Effects on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

Abstract

This study aims to characterize endophytic bacteria (EB) isolated from various cultivated plants and to identify isolates that have an antagonistic effect against some plant pathogenic bacteria. For this purpose, 191 endophyte bacteria (EB) were isolated from root, stem, shoot, and leaf tissues, which were subjected to intensive surface sterilization of samples taken from seedling and the vegetative period from some cultivated plants widely grown in Van province and its vicinity. In-vitro characterizations of these isolates were made in terms of nitrogen fixation ability, phosphate solubility ability, aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC-d) production ability, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production ability and siderophore production ability which are PGPR markers. It was determined that 58.9% of the isolates were gram (-), and 41.1% were gram (+). It was revealed that EB isolates with codes V33K1, V35Y1, V34G1, V17G2, V30Y3, V38K1, V17K1, and V36Y2 showed activity in all other categories besides nitrogen fixation. Twenty-five isolates were active in 3 different categories, 59 isolates were in 2 different categories, and 67 isolates were active in only one category. In contrast, 21 isolates were not active in any category. It was also determined that isolate V30Y3 and V30G2 had an antagonistic effect against seven different plant pathogenic bacterial isolates. The 16s rDNA sequence analysis of the isolates selected according to weighted grading scores and antagonistic effects identified the isolates with codes V40K2, V30Y3, V30G2, V31Y4, V33K2 as Bacillus velezensis (MN186863), Bacillus megaterium (MN187955), Pseudomonas caspiana (MN128080), Pantoea sp. (MT249279) and Bacillus sp. (MT249109), respectively.

Keywords

• PGPR
• Phosphate solubilizing
• ACC deaminase
• indole-3-acetic acid
• siderophore
• Antagonisim

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