Dihaploidization in Promising Summer Squash Genotypes (Cucurbita pepo L.) via Irradiated Pollen Technique

Year 2021, , 42 - 51, 30.03.2021

Ertan Sait Kurtar , Musa Seymen , Ayşe Nur Çetin , Önder Türkmen

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.800475

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) is one of the important vegetable species preferred by the people of Turkey in terms of their nutritional value. F1 hybrid summer squash varieties are widely used both in the open field and protected cultivation. The majority of these varieties come from abroad, and our dependence on abroad continues. In this study, the effectiveness of the dihaploidization method, which has an important place in variety breeding studies, was investigated to reduce our import dependency and to produce new F1 hybrid varieties that are high yielded, quality, resistant to diseases and pests. In this context, 14 summer squash genotypes were used as plant material. Dihaploidization studies were carried out using the irradiated pollen technique. In total, 165 flowers were pollinated and 64 fruits, 7034 seeds, 521 embryos, and 144 plants were obtained. 111 pants were successfully acclimatized and cultivated in controlled conditions. As a result of ploidy analysis, 28 plants were haploid (2n=x=20), 77 were diploid (2n=2x=40) and 6 were mixoploid (containing diploid and haploid cells). Haploid plants were doubled with 1% olchicines treatment, grown in the greenhouse, selfed, and seeds were obtained.

Keywords

Cucurbitaceae, Haploid,, Plant tissue culture, Pure lines

Supporting Institution

Selçuk Üniversitesi BAP Ofisi

Project Number

18401059

Thanks

This research was funded by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Selcuk University, Turkey (Project No.18401059).

Nitelikli Yazlık Kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.) Genotiplerinde Işınlanmış Polen Tekniği ile Dihaploidizasyon

Abstract

Yazlık kabak (Cucurbita pepo L.) sahip olduğu besleyici değer ile ülkemizde insanlar tarafından tercih edilen önemli bir sebze türüdür. F1 hibrid yazlık kabak çeşitleri hem açık tarla hem de örtüaltı yetiştiriciliğinde yaygın olarak kullanılmakta, bu çeşitlerin büyük çoğunluğu yurt dışı kaynaklıdır ve yurt dışı bağımlılığımız devam etmektedir. Çalışmada, yüksek verimli ve kaliteli, hastalık ve zararlılara dayanıklı yeni F1 hibrit yazlık kabak çeşitlerini üretmek, yurt dışı bağımlılığımızı azaltmak amacıyla, çeşit ıslahı çalışmalarında önemli bir yere sahip olan dihaploidizasyon metodunun etkinliği araştırılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, 14 yazlık kabak genotipi bitkisel materyal olarak kullanılmış, dihaploidizasyon çalışmaları ışınlanmış polen tekniği kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Toplamda 165 çiçek tozlanmış, 64 meyve, 7034 tohum, 521 embriyo ve 144 bitki elde edilmiştir. 111 bitki başarılı bir şekilde dış koşullara alıştırılmış ve kontrollü koşullarda yetiştirilmiştir. Ploidi analizleri sonucunda, 28 bitki haploid (n = 20), 77 bitki diploid (2n = 40) ve 6 bitki miksoploid (haploid ve diploid hücreli) yapıda olmuştur. Haploid bitkiler %1’lik kolhisin uygulamasıyla katlanmış, sera koşullarında yetiştirilmiş, kendilenmiş ve tohumları alınmıştır.

Keywords

Cucurbitaceae,, Haploid,, Bitki Doku Kültürü

Project Number

18401059

References

• Abak, K., Sarı, N., Paksoy, M., Yılmaz, H., Aktaş¸ H., & Tunalı, C. (1996). Genotype response to haploid embryo induction with pollination by irradiated pollen in melon, obtaining of dihaploid lines, determination of haploid plants by different techniques. Tur J Agr and For 20, 425–430.
• Bektemur, G., Yücel, N. K., Taşkın, H., Çömlekçioğlu, S., & Büyükalaca, S. (2014). Effects of different genotypes and gamma-ray doses on haploidization using irradiated pollen technique in squash. s 318–327.
• Berber, M. (2009). Production of haploids in naked seed pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo L. var. styriaca) by pollination with irradiated pollen. Ins of Nat and App Sci Univ of Çukurova, MSc Thesis, 144 p.
• Çağlar, G., & Abak, K. (1999). Obtention of in vitro haploid plants from in situ induced haploid embryos in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Tur J of Agr and For 23, 283–290.
• Dolcet-Sanjuan, R., Claveria, E., & Garcia-Mas, J. (2006). Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) dihaploid line production using in vitro rescue of in vivo induced parthenogenic embryos. Acta Hort, 725, 837–844.
• Forster, B. P., & Thomas, W. T. B. (2005). Doubled haploids in genetics and plant breeding. In: Janick J(ed) Plant Breed Rev, 25, 57–88.
• Gürsöz, N., Abak, K., Pitrat, M., Rode, J. C., & Dumas de Vaulx, R. (1991). Obtention of haploid plants induced by irradiated pollen in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Cuc Gen Coop, 14, 109–110.
• Kurtar, E. S. (1999). Research on the effects of genotypes and growing seasons on in situ haploid embryo induction and in vitro plant obtention via irradiated pollen in squash. PhD Thesis, Univ of Cukurova, 203 p. Kurtar, E. S., & Balkaya, A. (2010). Production of in vitro haploid plants from in situ induced haploid embryos in winter squash (Cucurbita maxima Duchesne ex Lam.) via irradiated Pollen. Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult, 102, 267–277.
• Kurtar, E. S., Balkaya, A., Göçmen, M., & Karaağaç, O. (2017). Dihaploidization in squash genotypes (Cucurbita spp) as a rootstock candidate for cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) via irradiated pollen technique. Selcuk J of Agr and Food Sci, 31(1), 34-41.
• Kurtar, E. S., Balkaya, A., Özbakır, M., & Ofluoglu, T. (2009). Induction of haploid embryo and plant regeneration via irradiated pollen technique in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex. Poir). Afr J of Bio, 8, 5944–5951.
• Kurtar, E. S., Sarı, N., & Abak, K. (2002). Obtention of haploid embryos and plants through irradiated pollen technique in squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). Euphytica 127, 335-344.
• Kurtar, E.S., Seymen, M., & Kal, Ü. (2020). An overview of doubled haploid plant production in Cucurbita species. Yuzuncu Yıl Univ J of Agr Sci, 30(3), 510-520.
• Lotfi, M., Alan, A. R., Henning, M. J., Jahn, M. M., & Earle, E. D. (2003). Production of haploid and doubled haploid plants of melon (Cucumis melo L.) for use in breeding for multiple virus resistance. Plant Cell Rep, 21, 1121–1128.
• Murashige, T., & Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Phys Plant, 15, 473-497.
• Sarı, N., Abak, K., & Pitrat, M. (1994). Induction of parthenogenetic haploid embryos after pollination by irradiated pollen in watermelon, HortScience 29 (10), 1189-1190.
• Sarı, N., Abak, K., Pitrat, M., & Dumas de Vaulx, R. (1992). Induction of parthenogenetic haploid embryos and plant obtention in melon (Cucumis melo L. var. inodorus Naud and C. melo L. var. reticulatus Naud). Turk J of Agr and For, 16, 302-314.
• Sauton, A. (1989). Haploid gynogenesis in Cucumis sativus induced by irradiated pollen. Cuc Gen Coop, 12, 22–23.
• Sauton, A., & Dumas De Vaulx, R. (1987). Obtention de plantes haploides chez le melon (Cucumis melo L.) par gynoge´ne`se induite par du pollen irradie´. Agronomie 7,141–148.
• Truong-Andre, I. (1988). In vitro haploid plants derived from pollinisation by irradiated pollen on cucumber. In: Proc of the Eucarpia Meet on cucurbit genetics and breeding. May 31– June 2, Avignon-Montfavet, pp 143–144.
• TÜİK, 2018. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved in April 7, 2019 from http://www.tuik.gov.tr