Bazı Ekmeklik Buğdayların Tuz Uygulamasına Tepkileri ve Besin Elementi İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, yabani formların genetik özelliklerinden yararlanarak elde edilen Avustralya kökenli buğday hatları ile Anadolu’ya uyum yapan yerel buğday çeşidimizin tuz stresinden ne derece etkilendiklerini karşılaştırmalı ve kontrollü koşullarda irdelemektir. Araştırmada, Avustralya koşullarına uyum yapan ve HKT1;4 ile HKT1;5 lokuslarını taşıyan AU924 ve AU5907 hatları ile Bayraktar 2000 çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Deneme; kontrol (0 mM) ve stres koşullarında (200 mM) iki doz ve 4 tekrarlamalı olarak düzenlenmiş; stres etkisindeyken prolin ve element analizi için örneklenme ile temel bazı fizyolojik büyüme parametrelerinin saptanmasına yönelik gözlemlerin yapılmıştır. Buna göre, parametreler ile kritik bazı makro ve mikro besin elementleri açısından genotiplerin tuz stresinden olumsuz etkilendikleri saptanmış, strese toleransın artışında pay sahibi olan (K) içeriğinin, toleranslı olduğu bilinen Nax taşıyıcısı yabancı buğday hatlarında yerel çeşide göre daha yüksek olduğunun anlaşılması ve bu bakımdan etkili genlerin Anadolu kökenli buğday çeşitlerine aktarılmasının tuzlu ortamlarda buğday üretimimizin arttırılmasına katkı sağlayabileceği sonucuna varılmış; kuru ağırlık açısından en iyi genotipin Bayraktar 2000 olduğu saptanmış, AU5907’deki prolin içeriğinin diğerlerinden daha düşük ve (K) ile (K/Na) oranlarındaki azalma, tuz stresinde artış göstererek, AU5907’deki tuza tolerans diğerlerine göre ön plana çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buğday
• Tuza tolerans
• tuz stresi
• prolin
• K/Na Oranı
• Nax lokusu
• HKT genleri

Determination of the Stress Responses and Mineral Compositions of Some Common Wheats (Triticum aestivum L.) under Salt Treatment

Abstract

The aim of this research is to evaluate and analyze the influence of different degrees of salt stress on the tolerance of Australian wheat lines having characteristics derived from wild types in comparison with a local cultivar well–adapted to Anatolian conditions under controlled conditions. In the research, the two lines, namely AU5924 and AU5907, adapted to Australian conditions harbor HKT1;4 and HKT1;5 loci and Bayraktar 2000 cultivar used as genetic material. In our study, a trial plan with four replicates and two salt treatment doses (0 mM control group and 200 mM stress group) was designed. The samples were collected for elemental analysis, measuring physiological parameters as well as determining proline content after the appearance of stress symptoms. In this respect, (K), known to play an important role in enhancing stress tolerance, was found to be higher in HKT–containing lines in comparison to Bayraktar 2000. HKT genes could improve the production of Anatolian varieties. While the dry weight of the genotype Bayraktar 2000 was higher than the lines checked, the proline content of line 5907 was lower and the potassium and (K/Na) ratio decreased. These parameters effectively increased the dry weight under salt stress. However, the line 5907 demonstrated the best tolerance among all analyzed genotypes.

Keywords

• Wheat
• Salt tolerance
• Salinity stress
• Proline
• K/Na rate
• Nax locus
• HKT genes

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