Changes in Qualitative and Quantitative Traits of Anatolian Chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.) Fruit Due to Balanced Macro Fertilization

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determined effect of different doses of N: P: K applications on fruit yield and some quality traits in Anatolian chestnut in Bursa (Turkey) ecological condition during 2013 and 2014. In the research, triple experimental zones were determined in a 20-year-old chestnut orchard. Each of these experimental zones consisted of 30 trees. As experimental treatments, 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, and 4.4 lb N tree-1 (N application zone; NAZ), 0.55, 1.1, 1.65, and 2.2 lb P tree-1 (P application zone; PAZ), 1.1, 2.2, 3.3, and 4.4 lb K tree-1 (K application zone; KAZ) were applied except for the control dose. The fertilizer doses were applied by mixing to 30 cm depth of tree canopy soil in April. According to analyses of collected, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium affected fruit yield by 30, 31, and 27%, respectively. Total protein increased the fastest at the nitrogen application's zone (NAZ) at an average of 14% rate. The highest increasing in carbohydrate, starch, and invert sugar was recorded as 20, 24, and 18%, respectively at N: P: K application's zone.

Keywords

• Chestnut (Castanea sativa)
• fertilization
• fruit
• yield
• quality

Dengeli Makro Gübrelemeye Bağlı Olarak Anadolu Kestanesi (Castanea sativa Mill.) Meyvelerinin Kalitatif ve Kantitatif Özelliklerinde Değişimler

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Bursa (Türkiye) ekolojik koşullarında 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında Anadolu kestanesinde farklı dozlarda N: P: K uygulamalarının meyve verimi ve bazı kalite özellikleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Araştırmada, 20 yıllık bir kestane bahçesinde üçlü deneme bölgeleri belirlenmiştir. Bu deney bölgelerinin her biri 30 ağaçtan oluşmaktadır. Deneme konuları olarak, kontrol dozu haricinde 1.1, 2.2, 3.3 ve 4.4 lb N ağaç-1 (N uygulama bölgesi; NAZ), 0.55, 1.1, 1.65 ve 2.2 lb P ağaç-1 (P uygulama bölgesi; PAZ), 1.1, 2.2, 3,3 ve 4,4 lb K ağaç-1 (K uygulama bölgesi; KAZ) uygulanmıştır. Gübre dozları Nisan ayında 30 cm derinliğindeki ağaç taç izdüşümü toprağına karıştırılarak uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen verilere göre azot, fosfor ve potasyum meyve verimini sırasıyla % 30, % 31 ve % 27 oranında etkilemiştir. Toplam protein, en hızlı nitrojen uygulama bölgesinde (NAZ) ortalama % 14 oranında artmıştır. Karbonhidrat, nişasta ve invert şekerde en yüksek artış N, P, K uygulama bölgelerinde sırasıyla % 20, 24 ve 18 olarak kaydedilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kestane
• Gübreleme
• Meyve
• Beslenme.
• Beslenme
• Verim
• Kalite.

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