The Effect of The Different Training Systems on Yield and Vegetative Growth of “Santa Maria” and “Deveci” Pear Cultivars

Abstract

The study was conducted between 2012-2014 in order to determine the effects of the training systems on "Deveci" and "Santa Maria" cultivars grafted on Quince A rootstock. The effect of the training system on the TCSA and canopy volume values of the trees was significant, but there were differences in the effect depending on the cultivar. The trees, which had a thicker trunk, were obtained with Y Palmette in Santa Maria cultivar and Vertical Axis in Deveci cultivar. The yield values changed depending on the training system and cultivar. It has been determined that the trees treated in Vertical Axis and Y Palmette training systems have a higher yield. It can be said that the Deveci cultivar had a relatively higher yield. Deveci cultivar had larger fruit, and the effect of the training system varied depending on the cultivar. In Santa Maria cultivar, the fruit of the trees on which the One Arm Cordon training system was bigger. In Deveci cultivar, the larger fruit was harvested from the trees on which One Arm Cordon and Vertical Axis training systems. As a result, the training systems have been influential in the vegetative growth and yield of the trees.

Keywords

• Fruit size
• One arm cordon
• Palmette
• Pyrus comminus
• Vertical axis

Santa Maria” and “Deveci” Armut Çeşitlerinin Vejatatif Gelişimi ve Meyve Verimi Üzerine Farklı Terbiye Sistemlerinin Etkisi

Öz

Çalışma, Quince A üzerine aşılanmış "Deveci" ve "Santa Maria" çeşitlerinde farklı terbiye sistemlerinin etkisini belirlemek amacıyla 2012- 2014 yılları arasında yürütüldü. Ağaçlarda TCSA ve taç hacmi değerlerinde terbiye sisteminin etkisi önemliydi, ancak çeşide bağlı olarak etkide farklılıklar meydana geldi. Santa Maria çeşidinde Y Palmette, Deveci çeşidinde ise Vertical Axis terbiye sistemi ile daha kalın gövdeli ağaçlar elde edildi. Uygulanan terbiye sistemine ve çeşide bağlı olarak meyve verimi değerleri değişti. Vertical Axis ve Y Palmette uygulaması ile ağaçların daha verimli oldukları belirlendi. Deveci çeşidinin nispeten daha verimli olduğu söylenebilir. Deveci çeşidi daha büyük meyvelere sahipti ve terbiye sisteminin etkisi çeşide bağlı olarak değişiklik gösterdi. Santa Maria çeşidinde One Arm Cordon terbiye sistemi uygulanmış ağaçların meyveleri daha büyütü. Deveci çeşidinde ise One Arm Cordon ve Vertical Axis terbiye sistemleri uygulanmış ağaçlarda daha büyük meyveler hasat edildi. Sonuç olarak, terbiye sistemleri ağaçların vejetatif gelişiminde ve meyve veriminde etkili oldu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vertical axis
• Meyve büyüklüğü
• One arm cordon
• Palmette
• Pyrus comminus

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