Kavun Meyve Olgunlaşmasında Fiziksel ve Mekanik Değişiklikler

Year 2016, Volume: 26 Issue: 2, 135 - 144, 31.05.2016

Moslem Namjoo Farhad Khoshnam Hossein Golbakhshı Majid Dowlatı

Abstract

İki kavun (Cucumis melo L.) çeşidinde (Zard-Eyvanekey ve Sousky-Sabz) fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerdeki değişiklikler, olgunlaşmanın beş farklı aşamasında çalışılmıştır. Meyveler, ham, erken olgunlaşma, orta olgunlaşma, olgun ve aşırı olgun aşamalarda hasat edilmiş ve bazı fiziksel ve mekanik meyve özellikleri (irilik, ebat, yüzey alanı, küresellik, gerçek yoğunluk, meyve boy/en oranı, tohum boşluğu boy/en oranı, nem içeriği ve elastikiyet modülü), olgunlaşma sürecinde incelenmiştir. Her iki kavun çeşidinde meyve iriliği, ebat, yüzey alanı ve küresellik hasat aşamalarında artarken, meyve boy/en

oranı, tohum boşluğu boy/en oranı, nem içeriği ve elastikiyet modülünün azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Her iki çeşit, genellikle benzer şekilde fakat farklı oranlarda değişmiştir. Varyans analizi, her özellik için çeşitlerin farklı aşamaları arasında önemli farklılıklar göstermiştir. İki yönlü ANOVA testi, olgunlaşma sırasında çeşitler arasındaki tüm özelliklerin davranışında önemli etkileşimler göstermiştir.

Physical and Mechanical Changes in Ripening Melon Fruits

Abstract

Changes in physical and mechanical properties of two melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars ('Zard-Eyvanekey' and 'Sousky-Sabz') were studied in five different stages of ripening. The fruits were harvested at immature, early ripening, moderately ripe, ripe and over ripe stages and taking into account some physical and mechanical properties (mass, size, surface area, sphericity, true density, fruit length/width ratio, seed cavity length/width ratio, moisture content and modulus of elasticity) in order to understand this behavior during the ripening process. The attributes mass, size, surface area, sphericity of both melon types increased with the advances in the harvesting ages, whilst a reverse was found with true density, fruit length/width ratio, seed cavity length/width ratio, moisture content and modulus of elasticity. The two cultivars generally changed in similar patterns, but not at the same rate. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between the different stages in each cultivar for every attribute. A two-way ANOVA test showed significant interactions in the behavior of all the attributes between cultivars during ripening.

References

• Abbott, J., Lu, R., 1996. Anisotropic mechanical properties of apples. Transactions of the ASAE 39, 1451-1459.
• Al-Maiman, S.A., Ahmad, D., 2002. Changes in physical and chemical properties during pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit maturation. Food Chemistry 76, 437-441.
• Altuntas, E., Bayram, E.N.G.M., 2013. The physical, chemical and mechanical properties of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) during physiological maturity and ripening period 2. Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 30, 33-40.
• Amorós, A., Zapata, P., Pretel, M., Botella, M., Serrano, M., 2003. Physico-chemical and physiological changes during fruit development and ripening of five loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) cultivars. Food Science and Technology International 9, 43-51.
• Duru, B., Turker, N., 2005. Changes in physical properties and chemical composition of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) during maturation. J PACD 7, 22-33.
• Franco, G., Cartagena, V., Correa, L., Lobo, A., 2013. Physical characterization of gulupa fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims) during ripening and postharvest. Agronomía 21, 48-62.
• Jha, S., Kingsly, A., Chopra, S., 2006. Physical and mechanical properties of mango during growth and storage for determination of maturity. Journal of Food engineering 72, 73-76.
• Keramat Jahromi, M., Jafari, A., Rafiee Sh, M.R., Mohtasebi, S., 2008. Changes in physical properties of date fruit (cv. Shahani) during three edible stages of ripening. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Science 3, 132-136.
• Mohsenin, N.N., 1970. Physical properties of plant and animial materials. Vol. 1. Structure, physical characterisitics and mechanical properties. Physical properties of plant and animial materials. Vol. 1. Structure, physical characterisitics and mechanical properties. 1.
• Muskovics, G., Felföldi, J., Kovács, E., Perlaki, R., Kállay, T., 2006. Changes in physical properties during fruit ripening of Hungarian sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars. Postharvest biology and technology 40, 56-63.
• Narain, N., Bora, P.S., Holschuh, H.J., Vasconcelos, M.A.d.S., 1992. Variation in physical and chemical composition during maturation of umbu (Spondias tuberosa) fruits. Food Chemistry 44, 255-259.
• Onuegbu, N., Ihediohanma, N., 2008. Some proximate analysis of african pear (Dacryodes edulis). Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 12.
• Onuegbu, N., Nwosuagwu, U., Kabuo, N., Nwosu, J., Ihediohanma, N., 2011. The Physical Properties of Ube (Dacryodes edulis) at Different Stages of Fruit Development. Nature & Science 9.
• Purseglove, J.W., 1968. Tropical crops. Dicotyledons 1 and 2. Tropical crops. Dicotyledons 1 and 2.
• Rogiers, S.Y., Knowles, N.R., 1997. Physical and chemical changes during growth, maturation, and ripening of saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia) fruit. Canadian journal of botany 75, 1215-1225.
• Shuang-wu, M., Jun-pu, L., 2006. Descriptors and data standard for melon (Cucumis melo L.). Beijing: China Agricultural Press.
• Tafti, A.G., Fooladi, M., 2005. Changes in physical and chemical characteristics of Mozafati date fruit during development. J. Biol. Sci 5, 319-322.
• Tosun, I., Ustun, N.S., Tekguler, B., 2008. Physical and chemical changes during ripening of blackberry fruits. Scientia agricola 65, 87-90.
• Villanueva, M., Tenorio, M., Esteban, M., Mendoza, M., 2004. Compositional changes during ripening of two cultivars of muskmelon fruits. Food chemistry 87, 179-185.