Waterpad Polimerin Farklı Sulama Düzeylerinde Yetiştirilen Patlıcanın Verim ve Bazı Kalite Özelliklerine Etkisi

Year 2020, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 367 - 378, 30.06.2020

Selçuk Söylemez Şükrü Esin Ayşe Pakyürek

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.685795

Abstract

Küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliği gibi nedenlerle, su kaynaklarının önemi her geçen gün daha da artmaktadır. Bu sebeple, son yıllarda yapılan çalışmaların çoğu kuraklık, su stresi ve yüksek sıcaklıklara dayanım üzerine yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu çalışma, farklı sulama düzeylerinde (S1: %100, S2: %75 ve S3: %50), perlit ve kokopit (Hindistan cevizi torfu) ortamlarında yetiştirilen patlıcanın kök bölgesine kağıt ve jüt arasına polimer yerleştirilmesi ile elde edilen “waterpad” isimli ticari ürünün verim ve bazı kalite parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Deneme sonuçlarına göre sulama düzeylerinin S1’den S3’e düşürülmesi ile toplam verim, toplam meyve sayısı, meyve çapı, meyve uzunluğu meyve ağırlığı, sürgün-yaprak kuru ağırlıkları, bitki boyu ve gövde çapı değerlerinin azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, ortam ve incelenen özelliklere göre değişmekle birlikte S1 ve S2 sulama düzeyleri arasında önemli bir farklılığın olmadığı, kokopit ortamında toplam verim ve toplam meyve sayısının S2 sulama düzeyinde daha iyi sonuç verdiği belirlenmiştir. Waterpad kullanımının incelenen özellikler üzerine etkisinin genel olarak önemsiz olduğu, ancak kokopit ortamında verim ve meyve sayısını bir miktar arttırdığı saptanmıştır. Perlit ortamında en yüksek verim ve meyve sayısı S1 sulama düzeyindeki waterpad içeren uygulamadan, kokopit ortamında ise en yüksek verim ve meyve sayısı S2 sulama düzeyindeki waterpad içeren uygulamadan elde edilmiştir. Perlit ortamına göre kokopit ortamında yetiştirilen bitkilerin gerek verim gerekse diğer incelenen özellikler üzerindeki etkisinin daha iyi olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Keywords

Hidrojel, Kısıtlı sulama, Perlit, Cocopeat, Su stresi, Patlıcan

Supporting Institution

Metameta Anatolia

Thanks

Bu araştırma Metameta Anatolia tarafından desteklenmiştir. Katkısı için Metameta Anatolia ve Simon Chevalking’e teşekkür ederiz.

Effect of Waterpad on Yield and Some Quality Properties of Eggplant Grown at Different Irrigation Levels

Abstract

Due to global warming and climate change, the importance of water resources has increased day by day. For this reason, most of the recent studies have focused on drought, water stress and high temperature resistance. This study was carried out in order to determine the effects of commercial product named "waterpad" which is obtained by placing polymer between paper and jute on the yield and some quality parameters of the eggplant grown in different irrigation levels (I1:100%, I2:75% and I3:50%) in perlite and cocopeat mediums. According to the results of the experiment, it has been determined that by reducing the irrigation levels from I1 to I3, the total yield, total fruit number, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit weight, shoot and leaf dry weights and plant height and stem diameter values have decreased. However, it has been determined that there is no significant difference between I1 and I2 irrigation levels also total yield and total fruit number yielded better results at I2 irrigation level in cocopeat medium. It was found that the effect of using the waterpad on the studied properties was generally insignificant, but the yield and fruit number increased slightly in the cocopeat medium. The highest yield and number of fruits were obtained from the waterpad application with I1 irrigation level in perlite, while in cocopeat it was obtained from waterpad application with I2 irrigation level. It has been observed that the plants grown in cocopeat as the medium have a better effect on both yield and other investigated properties.

Keywords

Polymer, Deficit irrigation, Eggplant, Perlite, Water stress, Cocopeat

References

• Amiri, E., Gohari, A. A., & Esmailian Y. (2012). Effect of irrigation and nitrogen on yield, yield components and water use efficiency of eggplant. African Journal of Biotechnology 11(13), 3070-3079. doi: 10.5897/AJB11.2450.
• Anonim. 2019. Fao.org (Erişim tarihi: 24.10.2019).
• Bat, M., Tunçtürk, R., & Tunçtürk, M. (2019). Kuraklık stresi altindaki ekinezya (Echinacea purpurea L.)’ da deniz yosununun büyüme parametreleri, toplam fenolik ve antioksidan madde üzerine etkisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 29 (3): 496-505.
• Behboudian, M. H. (1977). Responses of eggplant to drought. I. Plant water balance. Scientia Horticulturae, 7(4), 303-310.
• Bouwer, H. (2002). Integrated water management for the 21st Century: Problems and solutions. J. Irrig. Drain Eng., 128(4), 193-202.
• Cuervo, W. J. B., Flórez, V. J. R., and González, C. A. M. (2012). Aspects to consider for optimizing a substrate culture system with drainage recycling. Agronomía Colombiana, 30, 378-387.
• Dehkordi, D. K. (2018a). Evaluation of two types of superabsorbent polymer on soil water and some soil microbial properties. Paddy Water Environ, 16,143–152. doi:10.1007/s10333-017-0623-x
• Dehkordi, D. K. (2018b). Effect of superabsorbent polymer on soil and plants on steep surfaces. Water and Environment Journal 32, 158–163.
• Dorraji, S. S., Golchin, A., & Ahmadi, S. (2010). The effects of hydrophilic polymer and soil salinity on corn growth in sandy and loamy soils. Clean – Soil, Air, Water, 38(7), 584–591.
• El-Miniawy, S. M. (2015). Growth and yield of eggplant grown under drought stress conditions and different potassium fertilizer rates. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 4(4),1113-1124.
• Gül, A. (2012) Topraksız tarım. Hasad Yayıncılık, 140s.
• Islam, M. R., Xue, X., Mao, S., Ren, C., Eneji, A. E., & Hu, Y. (2011a). Effects of water-saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in oat (Avena sativa L.) under drought stress. J Sci Food Agric; 91, 680–686.
• Islam, M. R., Hu, Y., Mao, S., Jia, P., Eneji, A. E., & Xue, X. (2011b). Effects of water-saving superabsorbent polymer on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in corn (Zea mays L.) under drought stress. J Sci Food Agric 91, 813–819.
• Kenewy, E. R., Saad-Allah, K., & Hosny, A. (2018). Mitigation of drought stress on three summer crop species using the superabsorbent composite Gelatin-g-p(AA-co-AM)/RH. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 49(22), 2828–2842.
• Koupai, K. J., Eslamian, S. S., & Kazemi, J. A. (2008). Enhancing the available water contentin unsaturated soil zone using hydrogel, to improve plant growth indices. Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology 8, 67-75.
• Li Y, Shi H, Zhang H, & Chen S. (2019). Amelioration of drought effects in wheat and cucumber by the combined application of super absorbent polymer and potential biofertilizer. PeerJ 7:e6073 ,1-25. doi:10.7717/peerj.6073.
• Lichtenhaler, K. and Wellburn, A.R., 1983. Determinations of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. Biocemical Society Transactions, 11, 591-592.
• Örs, S., & Ekinci M. (2015). Kuraklık stresi ve bitki fizyolojisi. Derim, 32(2), 237-250. doi: 10.16882/derim.2015.90060.
• Rezashateri, M., Khajeddin, S. J., Abedi-Koupai, J., Majidi, M. M., & Matinkhah, S. H. (2017). Growth characteristics of Artemisia sieberi influenced by super absorbent polymers in texturally different soils under water stress condition. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 63(7), 984-997, doi:10.1080/03650340.2016.1256473.
• Salavati, S., Valadabadi, S. A., Parvizi, K. H., Sayfzaden, S., & Hadidi, M. E. (2018). The effect of super-absorbent polymer and sowing depth on growth and yield indices of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Hamedan province, Iran. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 16(5),7063-7078. doi: 10.15666/aeer/1605_70637078.
• Sayyari, M. & Ghanbari, F. (2012). Effects of super absorbent polymer A200 on the growth, yield and some physiological responses in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under various irrigation regimes. International Journal of Agricultural and Food Research, 1(1), 1-11.
• Senyigit, U, Kadayifci, A., , F. Ozdemir, Ö., Oz, H., & Atilgan, A. (2011). Effects of different irrigation programs on yield and quality parameters of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under greenhouse conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology 10(34), 6497-6503.
• Yang, W., Li, P.,, Guo, S., Song, R., & Yu, J. (2019). Co-application of soil superabsorbent polymer and foliar fulvic acid to increase tolerance to water deficit maize: photosynthesis, water parameters, and proline. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 79(3), 435-446. doi:10.4067/S0718-58392019000300435.