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Assessment of Soil Aggregation in the Vineyards and Apple Orchard

Year 2020, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 438 - 443, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.684270

Abstract

Aggregate formation and stability are strongly influenced by cultivation practices related to soil management and plant type. The aim of this study was to investigate how different plant type (apple orchard and vineyard) have influenced the soil aggregation percentages. The soil samples taken from an apple orchard and a vineyard at different depths (0-10, 10-20 cm) were divided into different aggregate sizes (8-4, 4-2, 2-1, <1 mm) then the percentages of soil aggregation were determined. The magnitude of aggregation percentage was site-and depth-dependent and these changes were statistically significant (P<0.01). The highest percentage of aggregation was found (62.32 for apple orchard, 61.14 for vineyard) at 0-10 cm depth regardless of plant type. The aggregation percentage was highly aggregate size-dependent. It was related to aggregate size i.e. 59.44% for 2-1 mm and 63.78 % for 8-4 mm sized aggregates. Comparatively higher aggregation percentages were observed for apple orchard soil than the ones observed for vineyard soil. As a consequence, plant type may change soil aggregation due possibly to influence over organic matter turnover.

References

  • Akgül, M., & Başyiğit, L. (2005). Süleyman demirel üniversitesi çiftlik arazisinin detaylı toprak etüdü ve haritalanması. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(3): 1-10.
  • Alagöz, Z., & Yilmaz, E. (2009). Effects of different sources of organic matter on soil aggregate formation and stability: a laboratory study on a lithic rhodoxeralf from Turkey. Soil and Tillage Research, 103(2): 419-424.
  • Annabi, M., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Villio-Poitrenaud, M., & Houot, S. (2011). Improvement of soil aggregate stability by repeated applications of organic amendments to a cultivated silty loam soil. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 144(1): 382-389.
  • Bronick, C. J., & Lal, R. (2005). Manuring and rotation effects on soil organic carbon concentration for different aggregate size fractions on two soils in northeastern Ohio USA. Soil & Tillage Research, 81: 239–252.
  • Castro Filho, C. D., Lourenço, A., Guimarães, M. D. F., & Fonseca, I. C. B. (2002). Aggregate stability under different soil management systems in a red latosol in the state of parana, brazil. Soil and Tillage Research, 65(1): 45-51.
  • Çalışkan, N., Koç, N., Kaya, A., & Şenses, T. (1996). Fourth ınternational symposium on hezelnut. ıshs working group nuts, Ordu: 279-284.
  • Dahnke, W. C., & Whitney, D. A. (1988). Measurement of soil salinity . Recommended Chemical Soil Test Procedures for The North Central Region, 221: 32-34. Demiralay, İ. (1993). Toprak Fiziksel Analizleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları,143s, Erzurum.
  • Elliott, E.T. (1986). Aggregate structure and carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in native and cultivated soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 50(3): 627-633.
  • Işıldar, A. 1999. Farklı bitki örtüsü koşullarının toprakların erozyona duyarlılığı üzerine etkileri. Tübitak Journal of Agriculture And Forestry, (3): 665-670.
  • Jones Jr, J. B. (1984). a laboratory guide of exercises in conducting soil test, and plant analyses. No. 631: 42 J6.
  • Kacar, B., (2009). Toprak Analizleri. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, 467s, Ankara.
  • Kumar, S., Kadono, A., Lal, R., & Dick, W. (2012). Long-term no-till impacts on organic carbon and properties of two contrasting soils and corn yields in ohio. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 76(5): 1798-1809.
  • Kumar, S., Nakajima, T., Mbonimpa, E. G., Gautam, S., Somireddy, U. R., Kadono, A., & Fausey, N. (2014). Long-term tillage and drainage ınfluences on soil organic carbon dynamics, aggregate stability and corn yield. Soil Science And Plant Nutrition, 60(1): 108-118.
  • Lehtinen, T., Schlatter, N., Baumgarten, A., Bechini, L., Krüger, J., Grignani, C., Zavattaro, L., Costamagna, C., & Spiegel, H. (2014). Effect of crop residue ıncorporation on soil organic carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in european agricultural soils. Soil Use and Management, 30(4): 524-538.
  • Nimmo, J. R. (2004). Porosity and pore size distribution. In: D Hillel (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Soils In The Environment. Elsevier, 3, 295303 pp., London UK,
  • Nweke, I. A., & Nnabude, P. C. (2014). Aggregate size distribution and stability of aggregate fraction of fallow and cultivated soils. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 1(5): 14-20.
  • Özbek, H., Kaya, Z., Gök, M., &Kaptan, H. (1993). Toprak Bilimi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Genel Yayın, 73: 585-592, Adana.
  • Özdemir, N., &Canbolat, M. (1997). Toprak strüktürünün oluşum süreçleri ve yönetimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(3).
  • Six, J., Feller, C., Denef, K., Ogle, S., De Moraes Sa, J. C., & Albrecht, A. (2002). Soil organic matter, biota and aggregation in temperate and tropical soils-effects of no tillage. Agronomy, 22(7-8): 755-775.
  • Turgut, B., & Aksakal, E. L. (2010). Fiğ samanı ve ahır gübresi uygulamalarının toprak aşınım parametreleri üzerine etkileri. Artvin Çoruh University Faculty of Forestry Journal, 11(1): 1-10.
  • U.S Salinity Laboratory Staff (1954). Diagnosis and ımprovement of salina and alkali soils. Agricultural Handbook, 60, U.S.D.A.
  • Ülgen, N., & Yurtsever, N. (1988). Türkiye gübre ve gübreleme rehberi (3. Baskı). TC Tarım Orman Köy İşleri Bakanlığı, Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak Ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Genel Yayın, p.121.
  • Veiga, M. D., Reinert, D. J., & Reichert, J. M. (2009). Aggregate stability as affected by short and long-term tillage systems and nutrient sources of a hapludox in southern brazil. Revista Brasileira De Ciência Do Solo, 33(4): 767-777.
  • Yılmaz, E., & Alagöz, Z. (2005). Organik madde uygulamasının toprakta agregat oluşumu ve stabilitesine etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1): 131-138.
  • Yılmaz, E., Alagöz, Z., & Öktüren, F. 2005. Toprakta agregat oluşumu ve stabilitesi. Selçuk Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(36): 78-86.
  • Zeng, Q., Darboux, F., Man, C., Zhu, Z., & An, S. (2018). Soil aggregate stability under different rain conditions for three vegetation types on the loess plateau (china). Catena, 167: 276-283.

Bağ ve Elma Bahçelerinde Toprak Agregasyonunun Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 438 - 443, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.684270

Abstract

Agregat oluşumu ve stabilitesi; toprak yönetimine ilişkin kültivasyon uygulamaları ve bitkisel üretim farklılıklarından güçlü bir şekilde etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada; farklı bitki örtüsü koşullarının (elma bahçesi, bağ) toprakların agregasyonlarında (%) nasıl bir değişim gösterdiği araştırılmıştır. Elma bahçesi ve bağdan (0-10, 10-20 cm) alınan toprak örnekleri farklı agregat boyutlarına (8-4, 4-2, 2-1, <1 mm) ayrılarak söz konusu toprakların agregasyon yüzdeleri belirlenmiştir. Agregasyon yüzdesi her bir derinlikte bitki örtüsüne bağlı değişim göstermekte olup bu değişim istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur (P<0.01). Agregasyon yüzdesi bitki türüne bakılmaksızın en yüksek 0-10 cm derinliğinde (% 62.32 (elma bahçesi), 61.14 (bağ)) belirlenmiştir. Agregat boyutlarındaki agregasyon % 59.44 (<1 mm) - 63.78 (8-4 mm) arasında değişim göstermiş olup elma bahçesinin agregasyon yüzdeleri bağa göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, bitki türü organik madde birikimini etkilediği için toprakların agregasyonlarını değiştirebilmektedir.

References

  • Akgül, M., & Başyiğit, L. (2005). Süleyman demirel üniversitesi çiftlik arazisinin detaylı toprak etüdü ve haritalanması. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(3): 1-10.
  • Alagöz, Z., & Yilmaz, E. (2009). Effects of different sources of organic matter on soil aggregate formation and stability: a laboratory study on a lithic rhodoxeralf from Turkey. Soil and Tillage Research, 103(2): 419-424.
  • Annabi, M., Le Bissonnais, Y., Le Villio-Poitrenaud, M., & Houot, S. (2011). Improvement of soil aggregate stability by repeated applications of organic amendments to a cultivated silty loam soil. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 144(1): 382-389.
  • Bronick, C. J., & Lal, R. (2005). Manuring and rotation effects on soil organic carbon concentration for different aggregate size fractions on two soils in northeastern Ohio USA. Soil & Tillage Research, 81: 239–252.
  • Castro Filho, C. D., Lourenço, A., Guimarães, M. D. F., & Fonseca, I. C. B. (2002). Aggregate stability under different soil management systems in a red latosol in the state of parana, brazil. Soil and Tillage Research, 65(1): 45-51.
  • Çalışkan, N., Koç, N., Kaya, A., & Şenses, T. (1996). Fourth ınternational symposium on hezelnut. ıshs working group nuts, Ordu: 279-284.
  • Dahnke, W. C., & Whitney, D. A. (1988). Measurement of soil salinity . Recommended Chemical Soil Test Procedures for The North Central Region, 221: 32-34. Demiralay, İ. (1993). Toprak Fiziksel Analizleri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları,143s, Erzurum.
  • Elliott, E.T. (1986). Aggregate structure and carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in native and cultivated soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 50(3): 627-633.
  • Işıldar, A. 1999. Farklı bitki örtüsü koşullarının toprakların erozyona duyarlılığı üzerine etkileri. Tübitak Journal of Agriculture And Forestry, (3): 665-670.
  • Jones Jr, J. B. (1984). a laboratory guide of exercises in conducting soil test, and plant analyses. No. 631: 42 J6.
  • Kacar, B., (2009). Toprak Analizleri. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, 467s, Ankara.
  • Kumar, S., Kadono, A., Lal, R., & Dick, W. (2012). Long-term no-till impacts on organic carbon and properties of two contrasting soils and corn yields in ohio. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 76(5): 1798-1809.
  • Kumar, S., Nakajima, T., Mbonimpa, E. G., Gautam, S., Somireddy, U. R., Kadono, A., & Fausey, N. (2014). Long-term tillage and drainage ınfluences on soil organic carbon dynamics, aggregate stability and corn yield. Soil Science And Plant Nutrition, 60(1): 108-118.
  • Lehtinen, T., Schlatter, N., Baumgarten, A., Bechini, L., Krüger, J., Grignani, C., Zavattaro, L., Costamagna, C., & Spiegel, H. (2014). Effect of crop residue ıncorporation on soil organic carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in european agricultural soils. Soil Use and Management, 30(4): 524-538.
  • Nimmo, J. R. (2004). Porosity and pore size distribution. In: D Hillel (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Soils In The Environment. Elsevier, 3, 295303 pp., London UK,
  • Nweke, I. A., & Nnabude, P. C. (2014). Aggregate size distribution and stability of aggregate fraction of fallow and cultivated soils. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 1(5): 14-20.
  • Özbek, H., Kaya, Z., Gök, M., &Kaptan, H. (1993). Toprak Bilimi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Genel Yayın, 73: 585-592, Adana.
  • Özdemir, N., &Canbolat, M. (1997). Toprak strüktürünün oluşum süreçleri ve yönetimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(3).
  • Six, J., Feller, C., Denef, K., Ogle, S., De Moraes Sa, J. C., & Albrecht, A. (2002). Soil organic matter, biota and aggregation in temperate and tropical soils-effects of no tillage. Agronomy, 22(7-8): 755-775.
  • Turgut, B., & Aksakal, E. L. (2010). Fiğ samanı ve ahır gübresi uygulamalarının toprak aşınım parametreleri üzerine etkileri. Artvin Çoruh University Faculty of Forestry Journal, 11(1): 1-10.
  • U.S Salinity Laboratory Staff (1954). Diagnosis and ımprovement of salina and alkali soils. Agricultural Handbook, 60, U.S.D.A.
  • Ülgen, N., & Yurtsever, N. (1988). Türkiye gübre ve gübreleme rehberi (3. Baskı). TC Tarım Orman Köy İşleri Bakanlığı, Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Toprak Ve Gübre Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Genel Yayın, p.121.
  • Veiga, M. D., Reinert, D. J., & Reichert, J. M. (2009). Aggregate stability as affected by short and long-term tillage systems and nutrient sources of a hapludox in southern brazil. Revista Brasileira De Ciência Do Solo, 33(4): 767-777.
  • Yılmaz, E., & Alagöz, Z. (2005). Organik madde uygulamasının toprakta agregat oluşumu ve stabilitesine etkisi. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 18(1): 131-138.
  • Yılmaz, E., Alagöz, Z., & Öktüren, F. 2005. Toprakta agregat oluşumu ve stabilitesi. Selçuk Tarım Ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi, 19(36): 78-86.
  • Zeng, Q., Darboux, F., Man, C., Zhu, Z., & An, S. (2018). Soil aggregate stability under different rain conditions for three vegetation types on the loess plateau (china). Catena, 167: 276-283.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Soil Sciences and Ecology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Metin Müjdeci This is me 0000-0001-7345-938X

Pelin Alaboz 0000-0001-7345-938X

Ahmet Ali Işıldar 0000-0001-7099-8011

Veli Uygur 0000-0003-3971-7714

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Acceptance Date May 11, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 30 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Müjdeci, M., Alaboz, P., Işıldar, A. A., Uygur, V. (2020). Bağ ve Elma Bahçelerinde Toprak Agregasyonunun Değerlendirilmesi. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 30(3), 438-443. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.684270
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Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences by Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.