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Molecular Evaluations and Genetic Divergence of Erynnis tages and Erynnis marloyi (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) Based on mtCOI Gene with Turkey Populations

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 466 - 471, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.766796

Abstract

Erynnis tages and Erynnis marloyi were known as European species until recent years. Due to their narrow distribution areas, the morphological similarities of the two species were very high, and their status was controversial. However, as the records of these species came from the new regions, their distribution areas turned out to be wide, contrary to what is known. With the mtCOI gene barcode, there was a chance to identify genetic variations hidden between inter-species and intra-species. The present study was the first time the barcode characterization of populations in Turkey and other registered population of barcodes with the genetic variation were assessed. Phylogenetic trees based on mt COI gene sequences were created using Neighbor-joining, Bayesian inference, and maximum-likelihood algorithms. Genetic divergence was confirmed by Automatic Barcode Gap Analysis using the Kimura 2 parameter. It is genetically confirmed that E.tages and E.marloyi are two distinct species independent from each other. E.tages population of Turkey was found genetically similar to that of the population belonging to southern Italy. Southern Russia was also genetically similar. However, E. marloyi Turkey's population was genetically similar to the population of Iran.

Supporting Institution

Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Proje Başkanlığı

Project Number

FAP-2019-8230

Thanks

Special thanks are given to Prof. Dr. Ahmet Ömer KOÇAK and Dr. Muhabbet KEMAL for their continuous help, comments, and use of the Cesa Collection.

References

  • Anonymous. (2020a). Barcode Of Life Data System (BOLDSYSTEMS). http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php. Date of access: 9 Jun 2020.
  • Anonymous. (2020b). National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=Erynnis+COI. Date of access: 9 Jun 2020.
  • Anonymous. (2020c). Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD). https://bioinfo.mnhn.fr/abi/public/abgd/abgdweb.html. Date of access: 20 Jun 2020.
  • Forsman, A. (2015). Rethinking phenotypic plasticity and its consequences for individuals, populations and species. Heredity. 115: 276–284.
  • Kemal, M., Yıldız, İ., Kızıldağ, S., Uçak, H. & Koçak, A. Ö. (2018). Taxonomical and molecular evaluation of Apochima agassiz in East Turkey, with a description of a new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae). Miscellaneous Papers, 169: 1–14.
  • Kimura, M. (1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16: 111–120.
  • Koçak, A. Ö. & Kemal, M. (2011). Notes on the Insecta in the Collection of the Cesa Lepidoptera of Turkey-I. Cesa News. 66: 1-37.
  • Lassance, J. M., Svensson, G. P., Kozlov, M. V. Francke, W. & Löfstedt, C. (2019). Pheromones and Barcoding Delimit Boundaries between Cryptic Species in the Primitive Moth Genus Eriocrania (Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology. 45: 429–439.
  • Li, Q., Li, D., Ye, H.,Liu, X.,Shi, W., Cao, N. & Duan, Y. (2011). Using COI Gene Sequence to Barcode Two Morphologically Alike Species: The Cotton Bollworm and the Oriental Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Molecular Biology Reports. 38(8): 5107-5113.
  • Mazzei, P., Morel, D. and Panfili, R. (1999) Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa. https://www.leps.it/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages/ErynnMarlo.htm. Date of access: 9 Jun 2020
  • Mitchell, A. & Gopurenko, D. (2016). DNA Barcoding the Heliothinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Australia and Utility of DNA Barcodes for Pest Identification in Helicoverpa and Relatives. PLoS One. 11(8):e0160895.
  • Posada D. (2008). jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Molecular Biology Evolution, 25 (7):1253–1256.
  • Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J. P. (2003). MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 19: 1572–1574.
  • Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P. & Rougemont, J. (2008). A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML Web servers. Systematic Biology, 57(5):758–771.
  • Wang, R., Zhang, Z., Hu, X., Wu, S., Wang, J. Zhang, F. (2018). Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Casuarina Moth, Lymantria Xylina (Lepidoptera: Erebidae). Journal of Insect Science 18(3): 21–29.
  • Zakharov, E. V., Lobo, N. F., Nowak, C. & Hellmann, J. J. (2009). Introgression as a likely cause of mtDNA paraphyly in two allopatric skippers (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Heredity. 102: 590–599.

Türkiye Populasyonlarıyla mtCOI Genine Dayalı Erynnis tages ve Erynnis marloyi'nin (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) Moleküler Değerlendirmeleri ve Genetik Divergensi

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 466 - 471, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.766796

Abstract

Erynnis tages ve Erynnis marloyi son yıllara kadar Avrupa türleri olarak bildirilmiştir. Dar yayılış alanları nedeniyle bu iki türün morfolojik benzerlikleri çok fazla olmasından dolayı tür statüleri tartışma konusu olmuştur. Ancak yeni bölgelerden bu türlere ait kayıtlar geldikçe yayılış alanlarının bilinenin aksine geniş olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. mtCOI gen barkodu ile türler arası ve tür içi gizlediği genetik varyasyonları da belirleme şansı yakalanmıştır. Sunulan çalışmada ilk kez Türkiye populasyonlarının barkod karakterizasyonu yapılmış ve diğer kayıtlı populasyonların barkodları ile genetik varyasyonları değerlendirilmiştir. mt COI gen dizilerine dayanan filogenetik ağaçlar, Komşu birleştirme, Bayesian çıkarım ve Maksimum Olabilirlik algoritmaları kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Genetik varyasyon Kimura-2-parametresi kullanılarak Otomatik Barkod Boşluğu Bulma analizleriyle onaylanmıştır. E.tages ve E.marloyi'nin birbirinden bağımsız iki farklı tür olduğu genetik olarak doğrulanmıştır. E.tages'in Türkiye populasyonu ile Güney İtalya ve Güney Rusya populasyonları ve E. marloyi'nin Türkiye populasyonu ile de İran populasyonu genetik olarak çok benzediği görülmüştür.

Project Number

FAP-2019-8230

References

  • Anonymous. (2020a). Barcode Of Life Data System (BOLDSYSTEMS). http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php. Date of access: 9 Jun 2020.
  • Anonymous. (2020b). National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=Erynnis+COI. Date of access: 9 Jun 2020.
  • Anonymous. (2020c). Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD). https://bioinfo.mnhn.fr/abi/public/abgd/abgdweb.html. Date of access: 20 Jun 2020.
  • Forsman, A. (2015). Rethinking phenotypic plasticity and its consequences for individuals, populations and species. Heredity. 115: 276–284.
  • Kemal, M., Yıldız, İ., Kızıldağ, S., Uçak, H. & Koçak, A. Ö. (2018). Taxonomical and molecular evaluation of Apochima agassiz in East Turkey, with a description of a new genus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Ennominae). Miscellaneous Papers, 169: 1–14.
  • Kimura, M. (1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 16: 111–120.
  • Koçak, A. Ö. & Kemal, M. (2011). Notes on the Insecta in the Collection of the Cesa Lepidoptera of Turkey-I. Cesa News. 66: 1-37.
  • Lassance, J. M., Svensson, G. P., Kozlov, M. V. Francke, W. & Löfstedt, C. (2019). Pheromones and Barcoding Delimit Boundaries between Cryptic Species in the Primitive Moth Genus Eriocrania (Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology. 45: 429–439.
  • Li, Q., Li, D., Ye, H.,Liu, X.,Shi, W., Cao, N. & Duan, Y. (2011). Using COI Gene Sequence to Barcode Two Morphologically Alike Species: The Cotton Bollworm and the Oriental Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Molecular Biology Reports. 38(8): 5107-5113.
  • Mazzei, P., Morel, D. and Panfili, R. (1999) Moths and Butterflies of Europe and North Africa. https://www.leps.it/indexjs.htm?SpeciesPages/ErynnMarlo.htm. Date of access: 9 Jun 2020
  • Mitchell, A. & Gopurenko, D. (2016). DNA Barcoding the Heliothinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) of Australia and Utility of DNA Barcodes for Pest Identification in Helicoverpa and Relatives. PLoS One. 11(8):e0160895.
  • Posada D. (2008). jModelTest: phylogenetic model averaging. Molecular Biology Evolution, 25 (7):1253–1256.
  • Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J. P. (2003). MRBAYES 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics, 19: 1572–1574.
  • Stamatakis, A., Hoover, P. & Rougemont, J. (2008). A rapid bootstrap algorithm for the RAxML Web servers. Systematic Biology, 57(5):758–771.
  • Wang, R., Zhang, Z., Hu, X., Wu, S., Wang, J. Zhang, F. (2018). Molecular Detection and Genetic Diversity of Casuarina Moth, Lymantria Xylina (Lepidoptera: Erebidae). Journal of Insect Science 18(3): 21–29.
  • Zakharov, E. V., Lobo, N. F., Nowak, C. & Hellmann, J. J. (2009). Introgression as a likely cause of mtDNA paraphyly in two allopatric skippers (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Heredity. 102: 590–599.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Sibel Kızıldağ 0000-0003-0182-5154

Project Number FAP-2019-8230
Publication Date June 30, 2021
Acceptance Date February 24, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 31 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kızıldağ, S. (2021). Molecular Evaluations and Genetic Divergence of Erynnis tages and Erynnis marloyi (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) Based on mtCOI Gene with Turkey Populations. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(2), 466-471. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.766796
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Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences by Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.