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CaCl2 Solution Sprayed on Leaves Changes the Nutrition and Qualitative Properties of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. Hicaznar)

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 418 - 424, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.804052

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to define the influence of different doses of calcium chloride (CaCl2) applications on fruit yield, some quality properties, and nutrition of plant in Hicaznar pomegranate cultivar during 2016 and 2017 in Aydın (Turkey) ecological condition. In the study, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0% solutions of calcium chloride (CaCl2) were applied by spraying except the control dose to the trees. The solution doses were twice applied during the fruit growing season in June and August. According to the results, fruit yield, peel thickness, fruit length, diameter, and weights were increased compared to control dose with CaCl2 applications. Foliar CaCl2 applications increased foliar Ca content by 60%. Concentrations of other plant nutrients other than N and Ca were decreased in parallel with increasing CaCl2 doses. Foliar P content was not affected in this case. As a result, the amount of CaCl2 solution to be applied to leaves in Hicaznar pomegranate was determined as 0.6%.

Thanks

I would like to thank Mehmet Öztürk, who produces Pomegranate in Aydın province, for his support in this study.

References

  • Al-Maiman, S.A., & Ahmad, D. (2002). Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties During Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fruit Maturation, Food Chemistry, 76, p: 437-441.
  • Al-Said, F.A., Opara, L.U., & Al-Yahyai, R.A. (2009). ‘Physico-chemical and textural quality attributes of pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) grown in the Sultanate of Oman’, Journal of Food Engineering, Vol. 90, No. 1, pp.129–134.
  • Antunes, M.D.C., Neves, N., Curado, F., Rodrigues, S., & Panagopoulos, T. (2004). The effect of pre and postharvest calcium applications on ‘Hayward’kiwifruit storage ability. Acta Hortic. 682, p: 909–916.
  • Bakeer, S.M. (2016). Effect of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and calcium chloride foliar spray on fruit cracking and sunburn of Manfalouty pomegranate trees. Sci. Hortic. 209, p:300–308.
  • Bonomelli, C., & Ruiz, R. (2010). Effects of foliar and soil calcium application on yield and quality of table grape cv. ‘Thompson seedless’. J. Plant Nutri. 33, 299–314.
  • Bouyoucos, G.J. (1962). Hydrometer Method Improved for Making Particle Size Analysis of Soils. Agronomy Journal, 54, p: 464-465.
  • Bose, U.S., & Tripathi, S.K. (1996). Effect of micronutrients on growth, yield, and quality of tomato cv. Pusa Ruby. Crop Res Hisar 12: 61–64.
  • Bremner, J.M. (1965). Inorganic forms of Nitrogen. In: Black, C.A., et al., Eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, Agronomy Monograph No. 9, ASA and SSSA, Madison, p: 1179-1237.
  • Brown, G.S., Kitchener, A.E., McGlasson, W.B., & Barnes, S. (1996). The effects of copper and calcium foliar sprays on cherry and apple fruit quality. Scientia Horticulturae, 67(3-4): 219-227.
  • Danner, M.A., Scariotto, S., Citadin, I., Penso, G.A., & Cassol, L.C. (2015). Calcium sources applied to soil can replace leaf applications in ‘Fuji’ apple trees. Pesquisa. Agropecu. Trop. 45, 266–273.
  • Davarpanaha, S., Tehranifara, A., Abadíab, J., Valb, J., Davarynejada, G., Aranc, M., & Khorassanid, R. (2018). Foliar calcium fertilization reduces fruit cracking in pomegranate (Punica granatum cv. Ardestani), Scientia Horticulturae 230 (2018) p: 86–91.
  • Domagała-Świątkiewicz, I., & Błaszczyk, J. (2007). The effect of late spraying with calcium nitrate on mineral contents in ‘Elise’ apples. Folia Hort. 19, p: 47–56.
  • El-Baz, E.E.T., & El-Dengawy, E.F.A. (2003). Effect of calcium and zinc spray on fruit dropping nature of ‘Hayany’date cultivar: i. Yield and fruit quality. Zagazig J. Agric. Res. 30, p: 1477–1489.
  • Elfalleh, W., Nasri, N., Marzougui, N., Thabti, I., M’Rabet, A., Yahya, Y., Lachiheb, B., Guasmi, F., & Ferchichi, A. (2009). ‘Physico-chemical properties and DPPH-ABTS scavenging activity of some local pomegranate (Punica granatum) ecotypes’, International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp.925–938.
  • El-Shazly, S. M., Eisa, A.M., Moảtamed, A.M.H., & Kotb, H.R.M. (2013). Effect of some agrochemicals preharvest foliar application on yield and fruit quality of Swelling peach trees. Alexandria J. Agric. Res. 58, p:219–229.
  • Eroğul, D. (2014). Effect of preharvest calcium treatments on sweet cherry fruit quality. Not. Bot. Horti. Agrob. 42, 150–153.
  • Fageria, V.D. (2001). Nutrient Interactions In Crop Plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 24(8):1269-1290.
  • Fawole, O.A., Makunga, N.P., & Opara, U.L. (2012). ‘Antibacterial, antioxidant and tyrosine-inhibition activities of pomegranate fruit peel methanolic extract’, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol. 12, pp.200–225.
  • Fawole, O.A., & Opara, U.L. (2013). ‘Changes in physical properties, chemical, and elemental composition and antioxidant capacity of pomegranate (cv. Ruby) fruit at five maturity stages’, Scientia Horticulturae, Vol. 150, pp.37–46.
  • Gil, M.I., Tomas-Barberan, F.A., Hess-Pierce, B., Holcroft, D.M., & Kader, A.A. (2000). ‘Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing’, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 48, No. 10, pp.4581–4589.
  • Glozeur, K., & Ferguson, L. (2008). Pomegranate Production in Afghanistan, UCDAVIS College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 1-32.
  • Güneri, M., Yıldıztekin, M., Tuna, A.L., & Yokaş, İ. (2014). Hicaz Nar Bahçelerinde Kalsiyum ve Potasyumlu Gübrelemenin Verim ve Beslenme Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 2014, 51 (2): 165-174.
  • Hepaksoy, S., Aksoy, U., Can, H.Z., & Ul, M.A. (1998). Determination of the relationship between fruit cracking and some physiological responses, leaf characteristics, and nutritional status of some pomegranate varieties. I. Int. Symp. on Pomegranate, 15-17 October, p:87-92.
  • Holland, D., Hatib, K., & Bar-Ya’akov, I. (2009). ‘Pomegranate: botany, horticulture, breeding’, Horticultural Reviews, Vol. 35, pp.127–191.
  • IBM Corp. (2013). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. IBM Corp., Armonk, NY.
  • Kacar, B. (1994). Toprak Analizleri. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri III. A.Ü. Zir. Fak. Eğitim, Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları No:3, Ankara, s:705.
  • Kacar, B., & İnal, A. (2008). Bitki Analizleri. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara. p:1-892.
  • Korkmaz, N. & Aşkın, M.A. (2015). Effects of calcium and boron foliar application on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit quality yield, and seasonal changes of leaf mineral nutrition. Acta Hortic. 1089, p: 413–422.
  • Korkmaz, N., Aşkın, M.A., Ercişli, S., & Okatan, V. (2016). Foliar Application of calcium nitrate, boric acid, and gibberellic acid affects yield and quality of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Cultus, 15 (3) 2016, p: 105-112.
  • Koutinas, N., Sotiropoulos, T., Petridis, A., Almaliotis, D., Deligeorgis, E., Therios, I., & Voulgarakis, N. (2010). Effects of preharvest calcium foliar sprays on several fruit quality attributes and nutritional status of the kiwifruit cultivar Tsechelidis. HortScience 45, 984–987.
  • Lanauskas, J., Uselis, N., Valiuskaite, A., & Viskelis, P. (2006). Effect of foliar and soil applied fertilizers on strawberry healthiness yield and berry quality. Agron. Res. 4, 247–250.
  • Lansky, E.P., & Newman, R.A. (2007). ‘Punica granatum (pomegranate) and it's potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer’, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 109, No. 2, pp.177–206.
  • LaRue, J.H. (1980). Growing Pomegranates in California, University of California, California Agriculture and Natural Resources Leaflet, No: 2459, p: 1-8.
  • Lindsay, W.L., & Norvell, W.A. (1978). Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Science Society of American Journal 42: 421-428.
  • Lye, C. (2008). Pomegranate Preliminary Assessment of the Potential for an Australian Industry, RIRDC Publication No. 08/153 RIRDC Project No. GPI-1A, p:1-18.
  • Nelson, D.W., & Sommer, L.E. (1982). Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd Edition. ASA-SSSA, Madison, p: 595-579.
  • Ochmian, I. (2012). The impact of foliar application of calcium fertilizers on the quality of highbush blueberry fruits belonging to the ‘Duke’ cultivar. Not. Bot. Horti. Agrobo. 40, 163–169.
  • Oğuz, H.İ., Ukav, İ., & Eroğlu, D. (2011). “Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Nar (Punica granatum L.) Üretimi ve Pazarlanması”, GAP VI. Tarım Kongresi, 09 – 12 Mayıs 2011, s: 108 – 112.
  • Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., & Dean, L.A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular 939. (p. 19) Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
  • Opara, U.L., Al-Ani, M.R., & Al-Shuaibi Y.S. (2009). ‘Physico-chemical properties, vitamin c content, and antimicrobial properties of pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.)’, Food Bioprocess Technology, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp.315–321.
  • Özkan, C.F., Ateş, T., Tibet, H., & Arpacıoğlu, A. (1999). Antalya bölgesinde yetiştirilen nar (Punica granatum L, çeşit: Hicaz nar) yapraklarındaki bazı bitki besin maddelerinin mevsimsel değişiminin incelenmesi. Türkiye III. Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, Ankara, s. 710-714.
  • Poyrazoğlu, E., Gökmen V., & Artık, N. (2002). Organic Acids and Phenolic Compounds in Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.) Grown in Turkey, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 15, p: 567-575.
  • Raese, J.T., & Drake, S.R. (2000). Effect of calcium spray materials, rate, time of spray application, and rootstocks on fruit quality of “Red” and“Golden Delicious” apples. J. Plant Nutri. 23, 1435–1447.
  • Ramezanian, A., Rahemi, M., & Vazifehshenas, M.R. (2009). Effect of foliar application of calcium chloride and urea on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruits. Sci. Hortic. 121, 171–175.
  • Schlichting, E. & Blume H.P. (1966). Bodenkundliches praktikum. Verlag Paul Paney, Hamburg und Berlin. Pages 121–125.
  • Sheik, M.K. (2006). The Pomegranate. International Book Distributing, New Delhi. p: 1-191.
  • Sheikh, M.K., & Manjula, N. (2012). Effect of chemicals on control of fruit cracking in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) var. Ganesh. In: Melgarejo, P., Valero, D. (Eds.), II International Symposium on the Pomegranate, 133-1. CIHEAM/Universidad Miguel Hernández, Zaragoza, p: 1- 35.
  • Stover, E., & Mercure, E.W. (2007). The Pomegranate: A New Look at the Fruit of Paradise, Hort Science Vol. 42 (5): 1088 – 1092.
  • Sugimura, Y., Mori, T., Nitta, I., Kotani, E., Furusawa, S., Wada, M., & Morita, Y. (1999). Calcium deposition in idioblasts of Mulberry leaves. Ann. Bot. 83, p:5 43–550.
  • Tehranifar, A., & Tabar, S.M. (2009). Foliar application of potassium and boron during pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit development can improve fruit quality. Horticulture Environment Biotechnology. 50 (3):1-6.
  • TUIK. (2018). Turkish Statistical Institute data basis agriculture, http://www.tuik.gov.tr (Date of access: 02.11.2019).
  • Ünal, A. (2011). Bahçe Tarımı – II., Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyve Türleri ve Nar Yetiştiriciliği, T.C. Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayını No: 2358, s. 16 – 19.
  • Viuda-Martos, M., Fernández-López, J., & Pérez-Álvarez, J.A. (2010). ‘Pomegranate and its many functional components as related to human health: a review’, Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp.635–665.
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Yapraklara Püskürtülen CaCl2 Çözeltisi Nar (Punica granatum L. cv. Hicaznar)’ın Beslenme ve Niteliksel Özelliklerini Değiştirir

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 2, 418 - 424, 30.06.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.804052

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Aydın (Türkiye) ekolojik koşullarında 2016 ve 2017 yıllarında Hicaznar çeşidinde farklı dozlarda kalsiyum klorür (CaCl2) uygulamalarının meyve verimi, bazı kalite özellikleri ve bitkinin beslenmesine etkisini belirlemektir. Çalışmada ağaçlara kontrol dozu dışında % 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 ve 1.0 kalsiyum klorür (CaCl2) çözeltileri püskürtülerek uygulanmıştır. Çözelti dozları, 15 Haziran ve 15 Ağustos'ta meyve yetiştirme mevsimi boyunca iki kez uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, CaCl2 uygulamaları ile meyve verimi, kabuk kalınlığı, meyve uzunluğu, çapı ve ağırlıkları kontrol dozuna göre artmıştır. Yaprak CaCl2 uygulamaları, yaprak Ca içeriğini % 60 arttırmıştır. Artan CaCl2 dozlarına paralel olarak N ve Ca dışındaki diğer bitki besin maddelerinin konsantrasyonları azalmıştır. Yaprak P içeriği bu durumda etkilenmemiştir. Sonuç olarak Hicaznar çeşidinde yapraklara uygulanacak CaCl2 uygulama dozu % 0.6 olarak belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Al-Maiman, S.A., & Ahmad, D. (2002). Changes in Physical and Chemical Properties During Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fruit Maturation, Food Chemistry, 76, p: 437-441.
  • Al-Said, F.A., Opara, L.U., & Al-Yahyai, R.A. (2009). ‘Physico-chemical and textural quality attributes of pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) grown in the Sultanate of Oman’, Journal of Food Engineering, Vol. 90, No. 1, pp.129–134.
  • Antunes, M.D.C., Neves, N., Curado, F., Rodrigues, S., & Panagopoulos, T. (2004). The effect of pre and postharvest calcium applications on ‘Hayward’kiwifruit storage ability. Acta Hortic. 682, p: 909–916.
  • Bakeer, S.M. (2016). Effect of ammonium nitrate fertilizer and calcium chloride foliar spray on fruit cracking and sunburn of Manfalouty pomegranate trees. Sci. Hortic. 209, p:300–308.
  • Bonomelli, C., & Ruiz, R. (2010). Effects of foliar and soil calcium application on yield and quality of table grape cv. ‘Thompson seedless’. J. Plant Nutri. 33, 299–314.
  • Bouyoucos, G.J. (1962). Hydrometer Method Improved for Making Particle Size Analysis of Soils. Agronomy Journal, 54, p: 464-465.
  • Bose, U.S., & Tripathi, S.K. (1996). Effect of micronutrients on growth, yield, and quality of tomato cv. Pusa Ruby. Crop Res Hisar 12: 61–64.
  • Bremner, J.M. (1965). Inorganic forms of Nitrogen. In: Black, C.A., et al., Eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2, Agronomy Monograph No. 9, ASA and SSSA, Madison, p: 1179-1237.
  • Brown, G.S., Kitchener, A.E., McGlasson, W.B., & Barnes, S. (1996). The effects of copper and calcium foliar sprays on cherry and apple fruit quality. Scientia Horticulturae, 67(3-4): 219-227.
  • Danner, M.A., Scariotto, S., Citadin, I., Penso, G.A., & Cassol, L.C. (2015). Calcium sources applied to soil can replace leaf applications in ‘Fuji’ apple trees. Pesquisa. Agropecu. Trop. 45, 266–273.
  • Davarpanaha, S., Tehranifara, A., Abadíab, J., Valb, J., Davarynejada, G., Aranc, M., & Khorassanid, R. (2018). Foliar calcium fertilization reduces fruit cracking in pomegranate (Punica granatum cv. Ardestani), Scientia Horticulturae 230 (2018) p: 86–91.
  • Domagała-Świątkiewicz, I., & Błaszczyk, J. (2007). The effect of late spraying with calcium nitrate on mineral contents in ‘Elise’ apples. Folia Hort. 19, p: 47–56.
  • El-Baz, E.E.T., & El-Dengawy, E.F.A. (2003). Effect of calcium and zinc spray on fruit dropping nature of ‘Hayany’date cultivar: i. Yield and fruit quality. Zagazig J. Agric. Res. 30, p: 1477–1489.
  • Elfalleh, W., Nasri, N., Marzougui, N., Thabti, I., M’Rabet, A., Yahya, Y., Lachiheb, B., Guasmi, F., & Ferchichi, A. (2009). ‘Physico-chemical properties and DPPH-ABTS scavenging activity of some local pomegranate (Punica granatum) ecotypes’, International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp.925–938.
  • El-Shazly, S. M., Eisa, A.M., Moảtamed, A.M.H., & Kotb, H.R.M. (2013). Effect of some agrochemicals preharvest foliar application on yield and fruit quality of Swelling peach trees. Alexandria J. Agric. Res. 58, p:219–229.
  • Eroğul, D. (2014). Effect of preharvest calcium treatments on sweet cherry fruit quality. Not. Bot. Horti. Agrob. 42, 150–153.
  • Fageria, V.D. (2001). Nutrient Interactions In Crop Plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 24(8):1269-1290.
  • Fawole, O.A., Makunga, N.P., & Opara, U.L. (2012). ‘Antibacterial, antioxidant and tyrosine-inhibition activities of pomegranate fruit peel methanolic extract’, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol. 12, pp.200–225.
  • Fawole, O.A., & Opara, U.L. (2013). ‘Changes in physical properties, chemical, and elemental composition and antioxidant capacity of pomegranate (cv. Ruby) fruit at five maturity stages’, Scientia Horticulturae, Vol. 150, pp.37–46.
  • Gil, M.I., Tomas-Barberan, F.A., Hess-Pierce, B., Holcroft, D.M., & Kader, A.A. (2000). ‘Antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and its relationship with phenolic composition and processing’, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 48, No. 10, pp.4581–4589.
  • Glozeur, K., & Ferguson, L. (2008). Pomegranate Production in Afghanistan, UCDAVIS College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, 1-32.
  • Güneri, M., Yıldıztekin, M., Tuna, A.L., & Yokaş, İ. (2014). Hicaz Nar Bahçelerinde Kalsiyum ve Potasyumlu Gübrelemenin Verim ve Beslenme Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Ege Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Derg. 2014, 51 (2): 165-174.
  • Hepaksoy, S., Aksoy, U., Can, H.Z., & Ul, M.A. (1998). Determination of the relationship between fruit cracking and some physiological responses, leaf characteristics, and nutritional status of some pomegranate varieties. I. Int. Symp. on Pomegranate, 15-17 October, p:87-92.
  • Holland, D., Hatib, K., & Bar-Ya’akov, I. (2009). ‘Pomegranate: botany, horticulture, breeding’, Horticultural Reviews, Vol. 35, pp.127–191.
  • IBM Corp. (2013). IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. IBM Corp., Armonk, NY.
  • Kacar, B. (1994). Toprak Analizleri. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri III. A.Ü. Zir. Fak. Eğitim, Araştırma ve Geliştirme Vakfı Yayınları No:3, Ankara, s:705.
  • Kacar, B., & İnal, A. (2008). Bitki Analizleri. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım, Ankara. p:1-892.
  • Korkmaz, N. & Aşkın, M.A. (2015). Effects of calcium and boron foliar application on pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit quality yield, and seasonal changes of leaf mineral nutrition. Acta Hortic. 1089, p: 413–422.
  • Korkmaz, N., Aşkın, M.A., Ercişli, S., & Okatan, V. (2016). Foliar Application of calcium nitrate, boric acid, and gibberellic acid affects yield and quality of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.). Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Cultus, 15 (3) 2016, p: 105-112.
  • Koutinas, N., Sotiropoulos, T., Petridis, A., Almaliotis, D., Deligeorgis, E., Therios, I., & Voulgarakis, N. (2010). Effects of preharvest calcium foliar sprays on several fruit quality attributes and nutritional status of the kiwifruit cultivar Tsechelidis. HortScience 45, 984–987.
  • Lanauskas, J., Uselis, N., Valiuskaite, A., & Viskelis, P. (2006). Effect of foliar and soil applied fertilizers on strawberry healthiness yield and berry quality. Agron. Res. 4, 247–250.
  • Lansky, E.P., & Newman, R.A. (2007). ‘Punica granatum (pomegranate) and it's potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer’, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Vol. 109, No. 2, pp.177–206.
  • LaRue, J.H. (1980). Growing Pomegranates in California, University of California, California Agriculture and Natural Resources Leaflet, No: 2459, p: 1-8.
  • Lindsay, W.L., & Norvell, W.A. (1978). Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Science Society of American Journal 42: 421-428.
  • Lye, C. (2008). Pomegranate Preliminary Assessment of the Potential for an Australian Industry, RIRDC Publication No. 08/153 RIRDC Project No. GPI-1A, p:1-18.
  • Nelson, D.W., & Sommer, L.E. (1982). Total Carbon, Organic Carbon, and Organic Matter. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd Edition. ASA-SSSA, Madison, p: 595-579.
  • Ochmian, I. (2012). The impact of foliar application of calcium fertilizers on the quality of highbush blueberry fruits belonging to the ‘Duke’ cultivar. Not. Bot. Horti. Agrobo. 40, 163–169.
  • Oğuz, H.İ., Ukav, İ., & Eroğlu, D. (2011). “Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Nar (Punica granatum L.) Üretimi ve Pazarlanması”, GAP VI. Tarım Kongresi, 09 – 12 Mayıs 2011, s: 108 – 112.
  • Olsen, S.R., Cole, C.V., Watanabe, F.S., & Dean, L.A. (1954). Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular 939. (p. 19) Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office.
  • Opara, U.L., Al-Ani, M.R., & Al-Shuaibi Y.S. (2009). ‘Physico-chemical properties, vitamin c content, and antimicrobial properties of pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.)’, Food Bioprocess Technology, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp.315–321.
  • Özkan, C.F., Ateş, T., Tibet, H., & Arpacıoğlu, A. (1999). Antalya bölgesinde yetiştirilen nar (Punica granatum L, çeşit: Hicaz nar) yapraklarındaki bazı bitki besin maddelerinin mevsimsel değişiminin incelenmesi. Türkiye III. Bahçe Bitkileri Kongresi, Ankara, s. 710-714.
  • Poyrazoğlu, E., Gökmen V., & Artık, N. (2002). Organic Acids and Phenolic Compounds in Pomegranates (Punica granatum L.) Grown in Turkey, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 15, p: 567-575.
  • Raese, J.T., & Drake, S.R. (2000). Effect of calcium spray materials, rate, time of spray application, and rootstocks on fruit quality of “Red” and“Golden Delicious” apples. J. Plant Nutri. 23, 1435–1447.
  • Ramezanian, A., Rahemi, M., & Vazifehshenas, M.R. (2009). Effect of foliar application of calcium chloride and urea on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pomegranate fruits. Sci. Hortic. 121, 171–175.
  • Schlichting, E. & Blume H.P. (1966). Bodenkundliches praktikum. Verlag Paul Paney, Hamburg und Berlin. Pages 121–125.
  • Sheik, M.K. (2006). The Pomegranate. International Book Distributing, New Delhi. p: 1-191.
  • Sheikh, M.K., & Manjula, N. (2012). Effect of chemicals on control of fruit cracking in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) var. Ganesh. In: Melgarejo, P., Valero, D. (Eds.), II International Symposium on the Pomegranate, 133-1. CIHEAM/Universidad Miguel Hernández, Zaragoza, p: 1- 35.
  • Stover, E., & Mercure, E.W. (2007). The Pomegranate: A New Look at the Fruit of Paradise, Hort Science Vol. 42 (5): 1088 – 1092.
  • Sugimura, Y., Mori, T., Nitta, I., Kotani, E., Furusawa, S., Wada, M., & Morita, Y. (1999). Calcium deposition in idioblasts of Mulberry leaves. Ann. Bot. 83, p:5 43–550.
  • Tehranifar, A., & Tabar, S.M. (2009). Foliar application of potassium and boron during pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit development can improve fruit quality. Horticulture Environment Biotechnology. 50 (3):1-6.
  • TUIK. (2018). Turkish Statistical Institute data basis agriculture, http://www.tuik.gov.tr (Date of access: 02.11.2019).
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There are 54 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Horticultural Production, Soil Sciences and Ecology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Serdar Toprak 0000-0003-3939-8530

Publication Date June 30, 2021
Acceptance Date March 16, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 31 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Toprak, S. (2021). CaCl2 Solution Sprayed on Leaves Changes the Nutrition and Qualitative Properties of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. Hicaznar). Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(2), 418-424. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.804052
Creative Commons License
Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences by Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.