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Histopathological Effects of Different Levels of Palm Kernel Cake Fed to Dorper Lambs

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 4, 807 - 812, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.954685

Abstract

Palm kernel cake (PKC) is a nutrient-rich by-product of oil mills that contained a high concentration of copper (Cu) among other minerals elements. The higher dietary concentration of Cu was reported to impair some physiological functions in some breeds of sheep due to Cu toxicity. Hence, this study was aimed to investigate the histopathological effects of PKC based diet on vital organs of Dorper lambs. Fifteen male Dorper lambs (8 month-old) were randomly assigned to three treatment groups. Lambs were fed with a diet supplemented with different levels of PKC based on dry matter (DM) (PKC 750 gm kg-1 DM, PKC 700 gm kg-1 DM, and PKC 650 gm kg-1 DM) for 120 days. At the end of the experiment, all the lambs were slaughtered, liver, kidney, and testis samples were examined for gross pathological lesions. Microscopic examination showed that the liver of PKC75 group animals was histologically normal. However, cell hepatocyte abnormality was observed in PKC70 and PKC65 groups. No clinical symptoms or severe histological lesions were noticed in the kidney and testis of all groups. Therefore, the histomorphological normal organs observed indicated the PKC contents provided detoxification and immune defense in male lambs.

References

  • Bancroft, J. D., & Gamble, M. (2008). Theory and practice of histological techniques: Elsevier health sciences.
  • Campos, F., Carvalho, G., Santos, E., Araújo, G., Rebouças, R., Estrela-Lima, A., . . . Magalhães, A. (2019). Metabolic profile and histopathology of kidneys and liver of lambs fed silages of forages adapted to a semi-arid environment. South African Journal of Animal Science, 49(3), 555-563.
  • Clarkson, A., Paine, S., Martín-Tereso, J., & Kendall, N. (2020). Copper physiology in ruminants: trafficking of systemic copper, adaptations to variation in nutritional supply and thiomolybdate challenge. Nutrition Research Reviews, 33(1), 43-49.
  • Gupta, R. (2018). A review of copper poisoning in animals: Sheep, goat and cattle. IJVSAH, 3, 1-4.
  • Hair-Bejo, M., Alimon, A., Maria, J., Hass, M., & Moonafizad, M. (1995). The role of zinc in the treatment of palm kernel cake toxicity in sheep. Annales de Zootechnie, 44(1) 332-332.
  • Haywood, S., Simpson, D., Ross, G., & Beynon, R. (2005). The greater susceptibility of North Ronaldsay sheep compared with Cambridge sheep to copper-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and hepatic stellate cell activation. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 133(2-3), 114-127.
  • Kalwar, Q., Chu, M., Ahmad, A. A., Ding, X., Wu, X., Bao, P., & Yan, P. (2020). Morphometric evaluation of spermatogenic cells and seminiferous tubules and exploration of luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide in testis of datong yak. Animals, 10(1), 66.
  • Kolmer, J. A., Spaulding, E. H., & Robinson, H. W. (1952). Approved laboratory technic. AJN The American Journal of Nursing, 52(3), 370.
  • Najafzadeh, H., Ghoreishi, S., Mohammadian, B., Rahimi, E., Afzalzadeh, M., Kazemivarnamkhasti, M., & Ganjealidarani, H. (2013). Serum biochemical and histopathological changes in liver and kidney in lambs after zinc oxide nanoparticles administration. Veterinary World, 6(8), 534-537.
  • Reis, L. S. L. d. S., Pardo, P. E., Camargos, A. S., & Oba, E. (2010). Mineral element and heavy metal poisoning in animals. Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 1, 560-579.
  • Ribeiro, R. D. X., Oliveira, R. L., Macome, F. M., Bagaldo, A. R., Silva, M. C. A. d., Ribeiro, C. V. D. M., . . . Lanna, D. P. D. (2011). Meat quality of lambs fed on palm kernel meal, a by-product of biodiesel production. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 24, 1399 - 1406.
  • Rothuizen, J. (2020). Metabolic, Toxic, and Neoplastic Diseases of the Liver. Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine, 677-686.
  • Roychoudhury, S., Nath, S., Massanyi, P., Stawarz, R., Kacaniova, M., & Kolesarova, A. (2016). Copper-induced changes in reproductive functions: in vivo and in vitro effects. Physiological Research, 65(1), 11-22.
  • National Research Council (NRC). (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids: National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Saeed, O., Sazili, A., Akit, H., Alimon, A., Mazlan, M., & Samsudin, A. (2018). The growth efficiency and carcass characteristics of Dorper sheep treated by corn ınclusion as energy into palm kernel cake based-diet. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 41(1), 29-36.
  • Saeed, O. A., Kee, L. T., Sazili, A. Q., Akit, H., Jahromi, M. F., Alimon, A. R., & Samsudin, A. A. (2019). Effects of corn supplementation on the antioxidant activity, selected minerals, and gene expression of selenoprotein and metallothionein in serum, liver, and kidney of sheep-fed palm kernel cake: urea-treated rice straw diets. 3 Biotech, 9(4), 146.
  • Saeed, O. A., Sazili, A. Q., Akit, H., Alimon, A. R., & Samsudin, A. A. (2019). Effects of corn supplementation into PKC-urea treated rice straw basal diet on hematological, biochemical ındices and serum mineral level in lambs. Animals, 9(10), 781.
  • Soren, N. M., Sharma, A. K., & Sastry, V. R. (2017). Biochemical and histopathological changes in sheep fed different detoxified karanj (Pongamia glabra) seed cake as partial protein supplements. Animal Nutrition, 3(2), 164-170.
  • Wu, T., Song, M., & Shen, X. (2020). Seasonal dynamics of copper deficiency in Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep. Biological Trace Element Research, 197, 1-8.
  • Zhang, Q., Chen, L., Guo, K., Zheng, L., Liu, B., Yu, W., . . . Tang, Z. (2013). Effects of different selenium levels on gene expression of a subset of selenoproteins and antioxidative capacity in mice. Biological Trace Element Research, 154(2), 255-261.

Dorper Kuzularına Farklı Düzeylerde Hurma Çekirdekli Kek Yeminin Histopatolojik Etkileri

Year 2021, Volume: 31 Issue: 4, 807 - 812, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.954685

Abstract

Hurma çekirdeği keki (PKC), diğer mineral elementler arasında yüksek konsantrasyonda bakır (Cu) içeren, yağ değirmenlerinin besin maddesi açısından zengin bir yan ürünüdür. Cu'nun daha yüksek diyet konsantrasyonunun, Cu toksisitesi nedeniyle bazı koyun ırklarında bazı fizyolojik fonksiyonları bozduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma, PKC bazlı diyetin Dorper kuzularının hayati organları üzerindeki histopatolojik etkilerini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. On beş erkek Dorper kuzusu (8 aylık) rastgele üç muamele grubuna ayrılmırştır. Kuzular, 120 gün boyunca farklı seviyelerde PKC kuru maddeye dayalı (DM) (PKC 750 gm/kg DM, PKC 700 gm/kg DM ve PKC 650 gm/kg DM) ile beslenmiştir. Deneme sonunda tüm kuzular kesilerek karaciğer, böbrek ve testis örnekleri büyük patolojik lezyonlar açısından incelenmiştir. Mikroskobik incelemede, PKC75 grubu diyetle beslenen hayvanların karaciğerinin histolojik olarak normal olduğunu tespit edilmiştir. Ancak PKC70 ve PKC65 gruplarında hücre hepatosit anormalliği gözlenmiştir. Tüm grupların böbrek ve testislerinde hiçbir klinik semptom veya ciddi histolojik lezyonuna rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle, histomorfolojik olarak organların normal gözlemlenmesi, erkek kuzularda detoksifikasyon ve bağışıklık savunması sağlayan PKC içeriğiden kaynaklandığı belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Bancroft, J. D., & Gamble, M. (2008). Theory and practice of histological techniques: Elsevier health sciences.
  • Campos, F., Carvalho, G., Santos, E., Araújo, G., Rebouças, R., Estrela-Lima, A., . . . Magalhães, A. (2019). Metabolic profile and histopathology of kidneys and liver of lambs fed silages of forages adapted to a semi-arid environment. South African Journal of Animal Science, 49(3), 555-563.
  • Clarkson, A., Paine, S., Martín-Tereso, J., & Kendall, N. (2020). Copper physiology in ruminants: trafficking of systemic copper, adaptations to variation in nutritional supply and thiomolybdate challenge. Nutrition Research Reviews, 33(1), 43-49.
  • Gupta, R. (2018). A review of copper poisoning in animals: Sheep, goat and cattle. IJVSAH, 3, 1-4.
  • Hair-Bejo, M., Alimon, A., Maria, J., Hass, M., & Moonafizad, M. (1995). The role of zinc in the treatment of palm kernel cake toxicity in sheep. Annales de Zootechnie, 44(1) 332-332.
  • Haywood, S., Simpson, D., Ross, G., & Beynon, R. (2005). The greater susceptibility of North Ronaldsay sheep compared with Cambridge sheep to copper-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and hepatic stellate cell activation. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 133(2-3), 114-127.
  • Kalwar, Q., Chu, M., Ahmad, A. A., Ding, X., Wu, X., Bao, P., & Yan, P. (2020). Morphometric evaluation of spermatogenic cells and seminiferous tubules and exploration of luteinizing hormone beta polypeptide in testis of datong yak. Animals, 10(1), 66.
  • Kolmer, J. A., Spaulding, E. H., & Robinson, H. W. (1952). Approved laboratory technic. AJN The American Journal of Nursing, 52(3), 370.
  • Najafzadeh, H., Ghoreishi, S., Mohammadian, B., Rahimi, E., Afzalzadeh, M., Kazemivarnamkhasti, M., & Ganjealidarani, H. (2013). Serum biochemical and histopathological changes in liver and kidney in lambs after zinc oxide nanoparticles administration. Veterinary World, 6(8), 534-537.
  • Reis, L. S. L. d. S., Pardo, P. E., Camargos, A. S., & Oba, E. (2010). Mineral element and heavy metal poisoning in animals. Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, 1, 560-579.
  • Ribeiro, R. D. X., Oliveira, R. L., Macome, F. M., Bagaldo, A. R., Silva, M. C. A. d., Ribeiro, C. V. D. M., . . . Lanna, D. P. D. (2011). Meat quality of lambs fed on palm kernel meal, a by-product of biodiesel production. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 24, 1399 - 1406.
  • Rothuizen, J. (2020). Metabolic, Toxic, and Neoplastic Diseases of the Liver. Clinical Small Animal Internal Medicine, 677-686.
  • Roychoudhury, S., Nath, S., Massanyi, P., Stawarz, R., Kacaniova, M., & Kolesarova, A. (2016). Copper-induced changes in reproductive functions: in vivo and in vitro effects. Physiological Research, 65(1), 11-22.
  • National Research Council (NRC). (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids: National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Saeed, O., Sazili, A., Akit, H., Alimon, A., Mazlan, M., & Samsudin, A. (2018). The growth efficiency and carcass characteristics of Dorper sheep treated by corn ınclusion as energy into palm kernel cake based-diet. Tropical Animal Science Journal, 41(1), 29-36.
  • Saeed, O. A., Kee, L. T., Sazili, A. Q., Akit, H., Jahromi, M. F., Alimon, A. R., & Samsudin, A. A. (2019). Effects of corn supplementation on the antioxidant activity, selected minerals, and gene expression of selenoprotein and metallothionein in serum, liver, and kidney of sheep-fed palm kernel cake: urea-treated rice straw diets. 3 Biotech, 9(4), 146.
  • Saeed, O. A., Sazili, A. Q., Akit, H., Alimon, A. R., & Samsudin, A. A. (2019). Effects of corn supplementation into PKC-urea treated rice straw basal diet on hematological, biochemical ındices and serum mineral level in lambs. Animals, 9(10), 781.
  • Soren, N. M., Sharma, A. K., & Sastry, V. R. (2017). Biochemical and histopathological changes in sheep fed different detoxified karanj (Pongamia glabra) seed cake as partial protein supplements. Animal Nutrition, 3(2), 164-170.
  • Wu, T., Song, M., & Shen, X. (2020). Seasonal dynamics of copper deficiency in Wumeng semi-fine wool sheep. Biological Trace Element Research, 197, 1-8.
  • Zhang, Q., Chen, L., Guo, K., Zheng, L., Liu, B., Yu, W., . . . Tang, Z. (2013). Effects of different selenium levels on gene expression of a subset of selenoproteins and antioxidative capacity in mice. Biological Trace Element Research, 154(2), 255-261.
There are 20 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Zootechny (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Osama Saeed 0000-0003-2706-1332

Baker Tareq Jaber This is me 0000-0002-5804-6779

Umar Mohammed Sanı This is me 0000-0002-6170-9246

Awis Qurni Sazılı This is me 0000-0002-2461-271X

Henny Akıt This is me 0000-0003-1530-3496

Abdul Razak Alımon This is me 0000-0001-7235-1406

Anjas Asmara Samsudın This is me 0000-0002-9758-7973

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Acceptance Date August 27, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 31 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Saeed, O., Jaber, B. T., Sanı, U. M., Sazılı, A. Q., et al. (2021). Histopathological Effects of Different Levels of Palm Kernel Cake Fed to Dorper Lambs. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(4), 807-812. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.954685
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Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences by Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Agriculture is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.