Domates (Solanum lycopersicium L.) Bitkisinde, Verticillium Solgunluğu (Verticillium Dahliae Kleb.) ve Erken Yanıklığı [Alternaria solani (Ell. Ve G. Martin) Sor.] Hastalıklarına Karşı Clonostachys rosea (Sch.) Schroers ve Samuels’nin Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 32 Issue: 2, 372 - 382, 30.06.2022

Rojbin Çevik , Semra Demir , Şahimerdan Türkölmez , Gökhan Boyno

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1080891

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, domates yetiştiriciliğinde sorun olan ve önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olan Verticillium solgunluğu (Verticillium dahliae) ve Erkenci Yaprak Yanıklığı (Alternaria solani) hastalıklarına karşı Clonostachys rosea'nin etkinliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. In vitro çalışmalarda fungal biyokontrol ajanı C. rosea'nin A. solani ve V. dahliae üzerinde etkili olduğu ve misel gelişimini baskıladığı belirlenmiştir. In vivo çalışmalarında ise C. rosea buğday tanelerine bulaştırılarak, patojen inokulasyonlarının öncesinde ve sonrasında bitkilere 20 g, 30 g ve 40 g uygulama dozlarında uygulanmıştır. Daha sonra V. dahliae stoklarından 2 mm çapında diskler alınarak bitkinin kök bölgesine uygulanmıştır. A. solani ise bitkilerin yeşil kısımlarına el spreyi ile püskürtülerek 1x106 konidia/ml oranında inokule edilmiştir. V. dahliae kontrol bitkilerinde %76.0 hastalık şiddetine neden olurken, domates bitkilerinde buğday tanelerine aşılanan C. rosea izolatının 20g, 30g ve 40g uygulama dozlarının hastalık şiddeti sırasıyla %58.3, %55.3 ve %25.3 olarak belirlenmiştir. A. solani x C. rosea x domates patosisteminde ise hastalık şiddeti kontrolde %96.6 oranındayken, C. rosea'nin 20g, 30g ve 40g uygulama dozları sırasıyla %63.3, %43.6 ve %46.6 olarak belirlenmiştir. C. rosea'nin patojen baskılama oranları en yüksek değer A. solani için 30 g (%54.8) ve V. dahliae için 40 g (%66.6) doz olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada ayrıca C. rosea'nin bitki büyümesi üzerindeki etkileri de belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, C. rosea domates bitkisinin morfolojik gelişimine olumlu etki yapmıştır.

Keywords

Domates, Biyolojik kontrol, Clonostachys rosea, Alternaria solani, Verticillum dahliae

The Effect of Clonostachys rosea (sch.) Schroers and Samuels Against Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.) and Early Blight [Alternaria solani (Ell. and G. Martin) Sor.] Diseases in Tomato Plants

Abstract

The effectiveness of Clonostachys rosea against Verticillium wilt (Verticillium dahliae) and early blight (Alternaria solani) diseases, as the two most important problems in tomato cultivation with significant economic losses, was determined. It was determined that C. rosea was effective on A. solani and V. dahliae and suppressed mycelial growth. Also, the C. rosea on wheat grains inoculated to plants at 20 g, 30 g, and 40 g concentrations before and after pathogens inoculation. Then, fungal discs (2 mm in diameter) from V. dahliae growing colonies were inoculated on the host plant root zone. A. solani was also inoculated (1x106 conidia ml-1) by spraying the foliar parts of the plants. Results showed that V. dahliae caused 76.0% disease severity in control plants, while the disease severity indices were 58.3%, 55.3%, and 25.3% at 20 g, 30 g, and 40 g C. rosea application, respectively. In A. solani x C. rosea treatments, the disease severities were determined as 96.6%, 63.3%, 43.6% and 46.6% in control, 20 g, 30 g, and 40 g application of C. rosea, respectively. The pathogen suppression rates by C. rosea at 30g application dose was 54.8% against A. solani and at 40 g application dose was 66.6% against V. dahliae. The effects of C. rosea on plant growth parameters were also determined. Results showed that C. rosea had a positive effect on the morphological parameters in tomato plants.

Keywords

Tomato, Biological control, Clonostachys rosea, Alternaria solani, Verticillium dahliae.

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