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Year 2022, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 576 - 583, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1103508

Abstract

References

  • Alatürk, F., Alpars, T., Gökkuş, A:, Coşkun, E. & Akbağ, H.I. (2014). Seasonal changes in the nutrient contents of some shrub species. COMU J. Agric. Fac., 2 (1), 133–141.
  • Aldemir, R., Bingöl, N.T., Karslı, M.A. & Akça, İ. (2015). Determination of nutrient content and digestibility characteristics of Prangos ferulacea L. on grazing lands of Eastern Anatolia. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 39, 181-185. doi:10.3906/vet-1401-26.
  • ANKOM, (2002). Operator’s Manual DaisyII Incubator Ankom D200, D2001. Ankom Technology Corporation, 2052 O’Neil Rd Macedon NY 14502.
  • AOAC, (1998). Officinal Methods of Analysis (16th Ed). AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  • Appendino, G., Cravatto, G., Sterner, O. & Ballero, M. (2001). Oxygenated sesquiterpenoids from a nonpoisonous sardinian chemotype of giant fennel (Ferula communis). Journal of Natural Products, 64 (3), 393-395. doi: 10.1021/np000468f.
  • Ataşoğlu, C., Şahin, S., Canbolat, Ö. & Baytekin, H. (2010). The effect of harvest stage on the potential nutritive value of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera) leaves. Livest Res Rural Dev, 22 (2), 182-185.
  • Azarfard, F. (2008). Effect of Prangos ferulacea replacement for alfalfa on growth performance and carcass characteristics of lori lambs. Int J Agric Biol, 10 (2), 224-226.
  • Bate-Smith, E.C. (1975). Phytochemistry of proanthocyanidins. Phytochemistry, 14 (4), 1107-1113. doi: 10.1016/0031-9422(75)85197-1
  • Baytop, T. (1967). Contribiton : II. Ferula communis L. İstanbul J Pharm., 3, 47-52. Cappellozza, B.I. (2013). Protein nutrition for cattle. Beef, 103, 1-4.
  • Coşkun, B., Gülşen, N. & Umucalılar, H.D. (2004). The nutritive value of P. ferulacea. Grass Forage Science, 59, 15–19. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00398.x.
  • Çaçan, E., Ulger, I., Kılıç, O., Yılmaz, M., Kokten, K. & Kaplan, M. (2017). Potential nutritive value of Astragalus species harvested at three different maturity stages. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res., 15(4), 2071-2080. Doi: 10.15666/aeer/1504_20712080.
  • Çelikezen, F.Ç, Aykanat, T.F., Şahin, İ.H. & Hayta, Ş. (2019). Detecting of antioxidant and antimicrobial specifications of Prangos pabularia. BEU Journal of Science, 8(3), 742-748.
  • Demir, U & Keskin, B. (2016). Determination of changes occurring annual nutritional contents of gum tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer L.). Iğdır Univ J Inst Sci & Tech, 6(4), 121-125.
  • Dökülgen, H. & Temel, S. (2020). Determination of seasonal nutrient contents of plant parts and Kermes Oak, Mock Privet and Wild Olive Maquis species. KSU J. Agric. Nat., 23(4), 986-993. doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.688648.
  • Duran, A., Sağıroglu, M. & Duman, H. (2005). Prangos turcica (Apiaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fennici, 42(1), 67-72.
  • Ekinci, M., Deniz, S. & Altaçlı, S. (2018). Comparative determination of digestibility and energy contents of helis and parzuk with traditional forages by in vivo and in vitro methods. J Istanbul Vet Sci, 2(2), 47-52.
  • Günal, N. (2013). The effects of the climate on the natural vegetation in Turkey. Online Thematic Journal of Turkic Studies, 5(1), 1-22.
  • Hakan, B., Ülker, H. & Demirel, M. (2009). Van ve çevresinde parzük, kerkol, helizin hayvan yemlemede kullanımı. Paper presented at the 6. Zootekni Bilim Kongresi, 24-26 Haziran, Erzurum, Türkiye, 2009.
  • İmik, H. (1997). Effects of rations including different tannin sources on feed consumption, body weight gain, mohair production and quality of Angora goats. (PhD), Selçuk University, Health Sciences Institute, Konya, Turkey.
  • Jančík, F., Kubelková, P., Kubát, V., Koukolová, M. & Homolka, P. (2017). Effects of drying procedures on chemical composition and nutritive value of alfalfa forage. South African J Anim Sci, 47 (1), 96-101. doi: 10.4314/sajas.v47i1.14.
  • Jaradat, N.A., Zaid, A.N., Abuzant, A., Khalaf, Z. & Abu-Hassan, N. (2017). Phytochemical and biological properties of four Astragalus species commonly used in traditional Palestinian medicine. Eur J Integr Med, 9, 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.01.008.
  • Kamalak, A., Hassan, K.G., Ameen, S.M., Zebarı, H.M., Hasan, A.H. & Aslan, F. (2015). Determination of chemical composition, potential nutritive value and methane emission of oak tree (Quercus coccifera) leaves and nuts. Harran Univ J Vet Med, 4(1), 1-5, 2015.
  • Keskin, M., Biçer, O., Gül, S. & Can, E. (2004). A study on using Ferula communis (chakshir) for oestrus synchronization in Shami (Damascus) goats under East-Mediterranean Condition of Turkey. Paper presented at the EAAP-55th Annual Meeting, 5-8 September , Bled, Slovenia.
  • Kim, E.J. & Yang, K.S. (2005). Antilipidperoxidative activity of Astragalus membranaceus. Yakhak Hoeji, 49(1), 11–19.
  • Kim, J.H., Kim, M.H., Yang, G., Huh, Y., Kim, S.H. & Yang, W.M. (2013). Effects of topical application of Radix Astragalus on allergic dermatitis. Journal Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 35(1), 151–156. Doi: 10.3109/08923973.2012.733708.
  • Komarek, R.J., Komarek, A.R. & Layton, B. (2004). Oil Extraction and Analysis. In, D.L. Luthria (Eds), Evaluation of the rapid, high-temperature extraction of feeds, foods, and oilseeds by the ANKOM XT20 fat analyzer to determine crude fat content (pp 39-68), AOCS Publishing, New York.
  • Kongmanila, D. (2012). Erythrina foliage as an alternative feed for growing goats in Lao PDR. (PhD), Acta Universitatis Agriculturae, Sueciae Uppsala.
  • Norton, B.W. (1994). The nutritive value of tree legumes. In, R.C. Gutteridge & H.M. Shelton (Eds), Forage Tree Legumes in Tropical Agriculture (pp 177–191), CABI Publishing, UK.
  • NRC, (1996). Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle (7th Ed).,National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Önal, A.G., Şahin, A. & Kuran, M. (2004). Çakşır (Ferula communis) otunun toklularda üreme fonksiyonları üzerine etkileri. Paper presented at the 4. Ulusal Zootekni Bilim Kongresi. 1-3 Eylül, Isparta, Türkiye.
  • Parlak, A.O., Gökkuş, A., Hakyemez, B.H. & Baytekin, H. (2011). Forage yield and quality of kermes oak and herbaceous species throughout a year in Mediterranean Zone of Western Turkey. J Food Agric Environ, 9(1), 510-515.
  • Qiao, H., Zhang, L., Shi, H., Song, Y. & Biazn, C. (2018). Astragalus affects fecal microbial composition of young hens as determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. AMB Express, 8(1), 70. doi: 10.1186/s13568-018-0600-9.
  • Qin, Q., Niu, J., Wang, Z., Xu, W., Qiao, Z. & Gu, Y. (2012). Astragalus embranaceus extract activates immune response in macrophages via heparanase. Molecules, 17(6), 7232-7240. doi: 10.3390/molecules17067232 .
  • Razavi, S.M. (2012). Chemical and allelopathic analyses of essential oils of Prangos pabularia Lindl. from Iran. Natural Prod Res, 26(22), 2148-2151. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2011.633079.
  • Richardson, C. (2020). Relative feeding value (RFV), an indicator of hay quality. OSO Extension Fact F2117. http://clay.agr.okstate.edu/alfalfa/webnews /quality3.htm. Access date: August 2020.
  • Rohweder, D.A., Barnes, R.F. & Jorgensen, N. (1978). Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. J Anim Sci, 47, 747-759. doi: 10.2527/jas1978.473747x.
  • Sanpha, K., Li, X.Y., Ji, J., Chen, C.Y., Xi, Q.Y., Chang, S., Xue, C., Ma, J., Xie, Q. & Zhang, Y. (2013). Astragalus polysaccharide enhances immunity and inhibits H9N2 avian influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. J Anim Sci Biotechnol, 4(1): 22–33.
  • SAS. (2014). SAS/STAT. Statistical Analysis System for Windows. Relase 9.4. SAS Institute Inc.
  • Sevim, Ö. & Sarı, M. (2014). Effects of different levels of oak leaves on digestibility, some rumen and blood parameters in goats. Anim Health Prod & Hyg, 3(1), 253-257.
  • Shawrang, P., Sadeghi, A.A. & Vatankhah, H. (2013). Chemical composition, ruminal dry matter, crude protein and cell wall degradation kinetics of pasture forages dominant in the West Provinces of Iran. Iranian J Appl Anim Sci, 3(2), 237-241.
  • TÜİK, (2019a). Bitkisel üretim istatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr. Access date: December 2019.
  • TÜİK, (2019b). Hayvancılık istatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=101&locale=tr; Access date: December 2019.
  • Van Soest, P.J. (1982). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant: Ruminant metabolism, nutritional strategies, the cellulolytic fermentation and the chemistry of forages and plant fibers. O&B Books Inc., 374, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
  • Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. & Levis, B.A. (1991). Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci, 74, 3583-3597. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2.
  • Yurtseven, S. (2011). Determination of the feed values çaşir (Prangos ferulacea) and goat's thorn (Astragalus gummifera) located in natural plant flora of the southeastern anatolia region. Kafkas Univ J Vet Fac, 17(6), 909-915. doi: 10.9775/kvfd.2011.4698

Determination of In Vitro True Digestibility and Relative Feed Values of Alternative Roughage Sources

Year 2022, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 576 - 583, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1103508

Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare chemical composition, relative feed values, and in vitro true digestibility of the giant fennel (Ferula communicus L. -F), helis (Prangos ferulacea L. -H), gum- tragacanth (Astragalus microcephalus WILD. -G) and leaves oak tree (Quercus robur L. -O), a naturally growing plant on the high- altitude plateaus of the Eastern Anatolia, with those of alfalfa. In vitro true digestibilities (IVTD) of roughages were determined with the Ankom DaisyII incubator. In terms of crude protein (CP) content, the lowest value was determined in H herb with 7.35 %, and the highest value was determined in alfalfa hay (A) with 19.28% (p<0.05). G hay had higher acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content and O leaves had higher ether extract (EE) and condensed tannin (CT) content. While the lowest IVDMD were found in G hay (42.91%) and O leaves (56.22%) with the highest cell wall structural components and CT content, the highest digestibility value was determined for F (70.47%) and A (71.60%) (p<0.05). Considering the analyzed parameters, it can be said that F hay is more suitable for ruminant feeding than other roughages.

References

  • Alatürk, F., Alpars, T., Gökkuş, A:, Coşkun, E. & Akbağ, H.I. (2014). Seasonal changes in the nutrient contents of some shrub species. COMU J. Agric. Fac., 2 (1), 133–141.
  • Aldemir, R., Bingöl, N.T., Karslı, M.A. & Akça, İ. (2015). Determination of nutrient content and digestibility characteristics of Prangos ferulacea L. on grazing lands of Eastern Anatolia. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 39, 181-185. doi:10.3906/vet-1401-26.
  • ANKOM, (2002). Operator’s Manual DaisyII Incubator Ankom D200, D2001. Ankom Technology Corporation, 2052 O’Neil Rd Macedon NY 14502.
  • AOAC, (1998). Officinal Methods of Analysis (16th Ed). AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  • Appendino, G., Cravatto, G., Sterner, O. & Ballero, M. (2001). Oxygenated sesquiterpenoids from a nonpoisonous sardinian chemotype of giant fennel (Ferula communis). Journal of Natural Products, 64 (3), 393-395. doi: 10.1021/np000468f.
  • Ataşoğlu, C., Şahin, S., Canbolat, Ö. & Baytekin, H. (2010). The effect of harvest stage on the potential nutritive value of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera) leaves. Livest Res Rural Dev, 22 (2), 182-185.
  • Azarfard, F. (2008). Effect of Prangos ferulacea replacement for alfalfa on growth performance and carcass characteristics of lori lambs. Int J Agric Biol, 10 (2), 224-226.
  • Bate-Smith, E.C. (1975). Phytochemistry of proanthocyanidins. Phytochemistry, 14 (4), 1107-1113. doi: 10.1016/0031-9422(75)85197-1
  • Baytop, T. (1967). Contribiton : II. Ferula communis L. İstanbul J Pharm., 3, 47-52. Cappellozza, B.I. (2013). Protein nutrition for cattle. Beef, 103, 1-4.
  • Coşkun, B., Gülşen, N. & Umucalılar, H.D. (2004). The nutritive value of P. ferulacea. Grass Forage Science, 59, 15–19. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00398.x.
  • Çaçan, E., Ulger, I., Kılıç, O., Yılmaz, M., Kokten, K. & Kaplan, M. (2017). Potential nutritive value of Astragalus species harvested at three different maturity stages. Appl. Ecol. Environ. Res., 15(4), 2071-2080. Doi: 10.15666/aeer/1504_20712080.
  • Çelikezen, F.Ç, Aykanat, T.F., Şahin, İ.H. & Hayta, Ş. (2019). Detecting of antioxidant and antimicrobial specifications of Prangos pabularia. BEU Journal of Science, 8(3), 742-748.
  • Demir, U & Keskin, B. (2016). Determination of changes occurring annual nutritional contents of gum tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer L.). Iğdır Univ J Inst Sci & Tech, 6(4), 121-125.
  • Dökülgen, H. & Temel, S. (2020). Determination of seasonal nutrient contents of plant parts and Kermes Oak, Mock Privet and Wild Olive Maquis species. KSU J. Agric. Nat., 23(4), 986-993. doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.688648.
  • Duran, A., Sağıroglu, M. & Duman, H. (2005). Prangos turcica (Apiaceae), a new species from South Anatolia, Turkey. Ann Bot Fennici, 42(1), 67-72.
  • Ekinci, M., Deniz, S. & Altaçlı, S. (2018). Comparative determination of digestibility and energy contents of helis and parzuk with traditional forages by in vivo and in vitro methods. J Istanbul Vet Sci, 2(2), 47-52.
  • Günal, N. (2013). The effects of the climate on the natural vegetation in Turkey. Online Thematic Journal of Turkic Studies, 5(1), 1-22.
  • Hakan, B., Ülker, H. & Demirel, M. (2009). Van ve çevresinde parzük, kerkol, helizin hayvan yemlemede kullanımı. Paper presented at the 6. Zootekni Bilim Kongresi, 24-26 Haziran, Erzurum, Türkiye, 2009.
  • İmik, H. (1997). Effects of rations including different tannin sources on feed consumption, body weight gain, mohair production and quality of Angora goats. (PhD), Selçuk University, Health Sciences Institute, Konya, Turkey.
  • Jančík, F., Kubelková, P., Kubát, V., Koukolová, M. & Homolka, P. (2017). Effects of drying procedures on chemical composition and nutritive value of alfalfa forage. South African J Anim Sci, 47 (1), 96-101. doi: 10.4314/sajas.v47i1.14.
  • Jaradat, N.A., Zaid, A.N., Abuzant, A., Khalaf, Z. & Abu-Hassan, N. (2017). Phytochemical and biological properties of four Astragalus species commonly used in traditional Palestinian medicine. Eur J Integr Med, 9, 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.01.008.
  • Kamalak, A., Hassan, K.G., Ameen, S.M., Zebarı, H.M., Hasan, A.H. & Aslan, F. (2015). Determination of chemical composition, potential nutritive value and methane emission of oak tree (Quercus coccifera) leaves and nuts. Harran Univ J Vet Med, 4(1), 1-5, 2015.
  • Keskin, M., Biçer, O., Gül, S. & Can, E. (2004). A study on using Ferula communis (chakshir) for oestrus synchronization in Shami (Damascus) goats under East-Mediterranean Condition of Turkey. Paper presented at the EAAP-55th Annual Meeting, 5-8 September , Bled, Slovenia.
  • Kim, E.J. & Yang, K.S. (2005). Antilipidperoxidative activity of Astragalus membranaceus. Yakhak Hoeji, 49(1), 11–19.
  • Kim, J.H., Kim, M.H., Yang, G., Huh, Y., Kim, S.H. & Yang, W.M. (2013). Effects of topical application of Radix Astragalus on allergic dermatitis. Journal Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology, 35(1), 151–156. Doi: 10.3109/08923973.2012.733708.
  • Komarek, R.J., Komarek, A.R. & Layton, B. (2004). Oil Extraction and Analysis. In, D.L. Luthria (Eds), Evaluation of the rapid, high-temperature extraction of feeds, foods, and oilseeds by the ANKOM XT20 fat analyzer to determine crude fat content (pp 39-68), AOCS Publishing, New York.
  • Kongmanila, D. (2012). Erythrina foliage as an alternative feed for growing goats in Lao PDR. (PhD), Acta Universitatis Agriculturae, Sueciae Uppsala.
  • Norton, B.W. (1994). The nutritive value of tree legumes. In, R.C. Gutteridge & H.M. Shelton (Eds), Forage Tree Legumes in Tropical Agriculture (pp 177–191), CABI Publishing, UK.
  • NRC, (1996). Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle (7th Ed).,National Research Council. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
  • Önal, A.G., Şahin, A. & Kuran, M. (2004). Çakşır (Ferula communis) otunun toklularda üreme fonksiyonları üzerine etkileri. Paper presented at the 4. Ulusal Zootekni Bilim Kongresi. 1-3 Eylül, Isparta, Türkiye.
  • Parlak, A.O., Gökkuş, A., Hakyemez, B.H. & Baytekin, H. (2011). Forage yield and quality of kermes oak and herbaceous species throughout a year in Mediterranean Zone of Western Turkey. J Food Agric Environ, 9(1), 510-515.
  • Qiao, H., Zhang, L., Shi, H., Song, Y. & Biazn, C. (2018). Astragalus affects fecal microbial composition of young hens as determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. AMB Express, 8(1), 70. doi: 10.1186/s13568-018-0600-9.
  • Qin, Q., Niu, J., Wang, Z., Xu, W., Qiao, Z. & Gu, Y. (2012). Astragalus embranaceus extract activates immune response in macrophages via heparanase. Molecules, 17(6), 7232-7240. doi: 10.3390/molecules17067232 .
  • Razavi, S.M. (2012). Chemical and allelopathic analyses of essential oils of Prangos pabularia Lindl. from Iran. Natural Prod Res, 26(22), 2148-2151. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2011.633079.
  • Richardson, C. (2020). Relative feeding value (RFV), an indicator of hay quality. OSO Extension Fact F2117. http://clay.agr.okstate.edu/alfalfa/webnews /quality3.htm. Access date: August 2020.
  • Rohweder, D.A., Barnes, R.F. & Jorgensen, N. (1978). Proposed hay grading standards based on laboratory analyses for evaluating quality. J Anim Sci, 47, 747-759. doi: 10.2527/jas1978.473747x.
  • Sanpha, K., Li, X.Y., Ji, J., Chen, C.Y., Xi, Q.Y., Chang, S., Xue, C., Ma, J., Xie, Q. & Zhang, Y. (2013). Astragalus polysaccharide enhances immunity and inhibits H9N2 avian influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. J Anim Sci Biotechnol, 4(1): 22–33.
  • SAS. (2014). SAS/STAT. Statistical Analysis System for Windows. Relase 9.4. SAS Institute Inc.
  • Sevim, Ö. & Sarı, M. (2014). Effects of different levels of oak leaves on digestibility, some rumen and blood parameters in goats. Anim Health Prod & Hyg, 3(1), 253-257.
  • Shawrang, P., Sadeghi, A.A. & Vatankhah, H. (2013). Chemical composition, ruminal dry matter, crude protein and cell wall degradation kinetics of pasture forages dominant in the West Provinces of Iran. Iranian J Appl Anim Sci, 3(2), 237-241.
  • TÜİK, (2019a). Bitkisel üretim istatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr. Access date: December 2019.
  • TÜİK, (2019b). Hayvancılık istatistikleri. https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=101&locale=tr; Access date: December 2019.
  • Van Soest, P.J. (1982). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant: Ruminant metabolism, nutritional strategies, the cellulolytic fermentation and the chemistry of forages and plant fibers. O&B Books Inc., 374, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.
  • Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. & Levis, B.A. (1991). Method for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci, 74, 3583-3597. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2.
  • Yurtseven, S. (2011). Determination of the feed values çaşir (Prangos ferulacea) and goat's thorn (Astragalus gummifera) located in natural plant flora of the southeastern anatolia region. Kafkas Univ J Vet Fac, 17(6), 909-915. doi: 10.9775/kvfd.2011.4698
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Zootechny (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Müslüm Örün 0000-0001-5763-4643

Sibel Erdoğan 0000-0003-2640-3871

Publication Date September 30, 2022
Acceptance Date June 27, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 32 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Örün, M., & Erdoğan, S. (2022). Determination of In Vitro True Digestibility and Relative Feed Values of Alternative Roughage Sources. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32(3), 576-583. https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1103508
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