The Boron Application Effects on Germination and Seedling Parameters of Sorghum Cultivars [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] in Drought

Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 140 - 149, 31.03.2023

Tuğba Hasibe Gökkaya , Mehmet Arslan

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1230518

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The aim of study was to investigate the effects of boron on germination and seedling parameters of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] under drought stress conditions. The experiment was conducted in a factorial trial in a randomized plot design with four replication in a growth chamber. In this study, three different sorghum cultivars were used. Drought conditions were performed at three different levels using PEG (0.-0.4 MPa and -0.8 MPa). Four boron doses (0-5-10-15 mM B) solutions are formed as boric acid (H3BO3). Parameters measured in Gözde 80 were superior to other cultivars under drought stress conditions. The maximum mean germination time, seedling viability index, shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh weight, and total biomass, were detected as 4 days, 74%, 10 cm, 13 cm, 63 mg, 21 mg, and 80 mg, respectively. Differences were noted in the response of different sorghum cultivars to drought stress, and significant decreases were observed as the drought level increased. Low boron applications generally increased germination and seedling parameters compared to control under drought conditions. The boron effects applied to alleviate the drought stress effects have been noticeably positive. Compared to control conditions, the best results were also generally observed in the application of 5 mM B at a drought stress dose of -0.4 MPa. It was concluded that high doses of boron applications caused double stress with drought and were even lower than drought applications alone. It was recorded that due to the reasons listed above, careful attention should be paid to the boron doses to be applied.

Keywords

Sorghum cultivars, Boron, Drought, Germination, Seedling

References

• Abdel-Motagally, F. M. F. & El-Zohri, M. (2016). Improvement of wheat yield grown under drought stress by boron foliar application at different growth stages. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 17(2), 178-185.
• Ali, M. A., Abbas, A., Awan, S. I., Jabran, K. & Gardezi, S. D. A. (2011). Correlated response of various morphophysiological characters with grain yield in sorghum landraces at different growth phases. J. Anim Plant Sci., 21, 671-679.
• Almaghrabi, O. A. (2012). Impact of drought stress on germination and seedling growth parameters of some wheat cultivars. Life Sci. J., 9(1), 590-598.
• Al-Naggar, A. M. M., Abd El-Salam, R. M., Hovny, M. R. A. & Walaa Yaseen, Y.S. (2018). Genotype × environment interaction and stability of Sorghum bicolor lines for some agronomic and yield traits in Egypt. Asian Journal of Agricultural and Horticultural Research, 1, 1-14.
• Avila, R. G., Magalhães, P. C., da Silva, E. M., de Souza, K. R. D., Campos, C. N., de Alvarenga, A. A. & de Souza, T.C. (2021). Application of silicon to irrigated and water deficit sorghum plants increases yield via the regulation of primary, antioxidant, and osmoregulatory metabolism. Agricultural Water Management, 255, 107004.
• Aykanat, S., Semercioğlu, T. & Baryt, H. (2009). 1999-2007 Yılları arasındaki kurak dönemlerin Ceyhan-99 buğdayındaki olumsuz etkileri. Türkiye VIII. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi 19-22 Ekim, Hatay, Türkiye (in Turkish).
• Ayvaz, M., Koyuncu, M., Güven, A. & Fagerstedt, K.V. (2012). Does boron affect hormone levels of barley cultivars. EurAsian Journal of Biosciences, 6, 113-120.
• Baek, M. H., Kim, J. H., Chung, B. Y., Kim, J. S. & Lee, I. S. (2005). Alleviation of salt stress by low dose-irradiation in rice. Biol. Plant, 448 (49), 273–276.
• Bilgili, D., Atak, M., & Mavi, K. 2019. Effects of peg-induced drought stress on germination and seedling performance of bread wheat genotypes. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 29(4): 765-771.
• Bibi, A., Sadaqat, H. A., Tahir, M. H. N. & Akram, H. M. (2012). Screening of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor var monech) for drought tolerance at seedling stage in polyethyelene glycol. J. Anim. Plant Sci., 22, 671-678.
• Brown, P. H., Bellaloui, N., Wimmer, M., Bassil, E.S., Riuz, J., Hu, H., Pfeffer, H., Dannel, F. & Romheld, V. (2002). Boron in Plant Biology. Plant Biology, 4, 205-227.
• Cai, K., Chen, X., Han, Z., Wu, X., Zhang, S., Li, Q., Nazir, M. M., Zhang, G. & Zeng, F. (2020). Screening of worldwide barley collection for drought tolerance: The assessment of various physiological measures as the selection criteria. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11, 1159.
• Chen, W., Yao, X., Cai, K. & Chen, J. (2011). Silicon alleviates drought stress of rice plants by improving plant water status, photosynthesis and mineral nutrient absorption. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 142, 67-76.
• Chen, K. & Arora, R. (2013). Priming memory invokes seed stress-tolerance. Environment and Experimental Botany, 94, 33-45.
• Dahlberg, J., Berenji, J., Sikora, V. & Latković, D. (2011). Assessing sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] germplasm for new traits: food, fuels & unique uses. Maydica, 56(2), 87-92.
• Dawadi, D., Seepaul, R., George, S., Groot, J. & Wright, D. (2019). Drought tolerance classification of common oilseed species using seed germination assay. Journal of Oilseed Brassica, 10(2), 97-105.
• Dawood, M. G., El-Awadi, M. E., Sadak, M. S. & El-Lethy, S. R. (2019). Comparison between the physiological role of carrot root extract and β-carotene in inducing Helianthus annuus L. drought tolerance. Asian J. Biol. Sci., 12(2), 231–241.
• Deb, P., Das, A., Ghosh, S. K. & Suresh, C. P. (2010). Improvement of seed germination and seedling growth of papaya (Carica papaya L.) through different pre-sowing seed treatments. Acta Horticulturae, 851, 313-316.
• Erdurmuş, C., Erdal, S., Oten, M., Kiremitci, S. & Uzun, B. (2021). Investigation of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) genotypes for yield and yield components. Maydica, 66(2),13.
• Farah, S. M. (1981). An examination of the effects of water stress on leaf growth of crops of field beans (Vicia faba L.) crop growth and yield. J. Agric. Sci. Camb., 96: 327-336.
• Farooq, M., Rehman, A., Aziz, T. & Habib, M. (2011). Boron nutripriming improves the germination and early seedling growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Plant Nutrition, 34, 1507–1515.
• Franks, S. J. (2011). Plasticity and evolution in droght avoidance and escape in annual plant Brassica rapa. New Phytol., 190, 249-257.
• Gao, Y., Li, Y., Yang, X., Li, H., Shen, Q. & Guo, S. (2010). Ammonium nutrition increases water absorption in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) under water stress. Plant Soil, 331,193-201.
• Gholami, S., Dehaghi, M. A., Rezazadeh, A. & Naji, A. M. (2022). Seed germination and physiological responses of quinoa to selenium priming under drought stress. Bragantia, 81, 0722.
• Gökkaya, T. H. (2016). The effects of selenium plant growth and antioxidative enzyme activities of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) in drought stress. (Master Thesis). Yuzuncu Yıl University, Institute of Natural and Applied Science, Van, Turkey.
• Gülser, F., Gülser, C., Gökkaya, T.H. (2019). The effects of selenium application on germination parameters of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) and osmotic potential of growth media under drought conditions. 10th International Soil Science Congress on "Environment and Soil Resources Conservation". 17–19 October, 2018. Almaty, Kazakhstan. Pages: 249-255.
• Habtamu, A., Ibrahim, A. H., Urgecha, F.& Ermias, E. (2014). Boron toxicity on seed germination and seedling growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Herald Journal of Agriculture and Food Science Research, 3(1), 1-6.
• Haq, T., Ali, A., Nadeem, S. M., Maqbool, M. M. & Ibrahim, M. (2014). Performance of canola cultivars under drought stress induced by withholding irrigation at different growth stages. Soil Environ., 33, 43-50.
• Herrera-Rodriguez, M. B., Gonzalez-Fontes, A., Rexach, J., Camacho-Cristobal, J.J., Maldonado, J. M. & Navarro-Gochicao, M. T. (2010). Role of boron in vascular plants and response mechanism to boron stresses. Plant Stress, 4, 115-122.
• Iqbal, S., Farooq, M., Cheema, S. A. & Afzal, I. (2017). Boron seed priming improves the seedling emergence, growth, grain yield and grain biofortification of bread wheat. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 19(1), 177‒182.
• ISTA, 2017. International for Seed Testing Rules. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland.
• Jamil, M., Lee, D. B., Jung, K. Y., Ashraf, M., Lee, S. C., ShikRha, E. & Rha, E. S. (2006). Effect of salt (NaCl) stress on germination and early seedling growth of four vegetables species. J. Cent. Eur. Agric., 7, 273–282.
• Kamran, M., Wennan, S., Ahmad, I., Xiangping, M., Wenwen, C., Xudong, Z., Siwei, M., Khan, A., Qingfang, H. & Tiening, L. (2018). Application of paclobutrazol affect maize grain yield by regulating root morphological and physiological characteristics under a semi-arid region. Sci. Rep., 8,.1–15.
• Khan, A., Numan, M., Khan, A. L., Lee, I. J., Imran, M., Asaf, S. & Al-Harrasi, A. (2020). Melatonin: Awakening the defense mechanisms during plant oxidative stress. Plants, 9, 407.
• Khan, R., Gurmani, A.H., Gurmani, A.R. & Zia, M. S. (2006). Effect of boron application on rice yield under wheat rice system. Int. J. Agric. Biol., 8: 805–808.
• Khanna-Chopra, R. & Selote, D. S. (2007). Acclimation to drought stres generates oxidative stress tolerance in drought resistant than-susceptible wheat cultivar under field conditions. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 60, 276–283.
• Khodarahmpour, K. (2011). Effect of drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) on germination indices in corn (Zea mays L.). African J. Biotechnol, 10, 18222–18227.
• Kothari, K., Ale, S., Bordovsky, J. P. & Munster, C. L. (2020). Assessing the climate change impacts on grain sorghum yield and irrigation water use under full and deficit irrigation strategies. Transactions of the ASABE, 63(1), 81-94.
• Li, A. X., Han, Y. Y., Wang, X., Chen, Y. H., Zhao, M. R., Zhou, S. & Wang, W. (2015). Root-specific expression of wheat expansin gene TaEXPB23 enhances root growth and water stress tolerance in tobacco. Environ. Exp. Bot., 110, 73-84.
• Liu, Y., Li, P., Xu, G. C., Xiao, L., Ren, Z. P., Li, Z. B. (2017). Growth, morphological, and physiological responses to drought stress in Bothriochloa ischaemum. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8, 230.
• Majda, C., Khalid, D., Aziz, A., Rachid, B., Badr, A. S., Lotfi, A. & Mohamed, B. (2019). Nutri-priming as an efficient means to improve the agronomic performance of molybdenum in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Science of the Total Environment, 661, 654-663.
• Memon, N. N., Gandahi, M. B., Pahoja, V. M. & Sharif, N. (2013). Response of seed priming with boron on germination and seedling sprouts of broccoli. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, 3(2), 183-194.
• Michel, E. B. & Merrill, R. K. (1973). The osmotic potantiel of polyetylene Glycol 6000. Plant Physiol, 51, 914-916.
• Mohammadkhani, N. & Heidari, R. (2008). Water stress induced by Polyethylene Glycol 6000 and Sodium Chloride in two maize cultivars. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 2(1), 92-97.
• Moud, A. M.& Maghsoudi, K. (2008). Salt effects on respiration and 563 growth of germinated seeds of different wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. World J. Agric. Sci., 4 (3), 351–358.
• Möttönen, M., Aphalo, P. J. & Lehto, T. (2001). Role of boron in drought resistance in Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings. Tree Physiology, 21, 673–681.
• Muhammad, H. R. S., Tasveer, Z. B. & Uzma, Y. (2013). Boron irrigation effect on germination and morphological attributes of Zea mays cultivars (Cv. Afghoee & Cv. Composite). International Journal of Engineering Science, 4(8),1563-1569.
• Mut, Z., Akay. H. & Aydın, N. (2010). Effects of seed size and drought stress on germination and seedling growth of some at genotypes (Avena sativa L.). African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5(10), 1101-1107.
• Nadeem, F., Farooq, M., Nawaz, A. & Ahmad, R. (2019). Boron improves productivity and profitability of bread wheat under zero and plough tillage on alkaline calcareous soil. Field Crops Research, 239, 1-9.
• Nawaz, F., Ashraf, M. Y., Ahmad, R., Waraich, E. A. & Shabbir, R. N. (2014). Selenium (Se) regulates seedling growth in wheat under drought stress. Hindawi Publishing Corporation. Advances in Chemistry, Article ID 143567; 7.
• Parry, F. A., Chattoo, M. A., Ganie, S. A. & Razvi, S. M. (2016). Economics of seed production in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) as influenced by different levels of sulphur and boron. Legume Research, 39, 802-805.
• Qadir, M., Bibi, A., Tahir, M. H. N., Saleem, M. & Sadaqat, H. A. (2015). Screening of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) genotypes under various levels of drought stress. Maydica, 60, 1-5.
• Rad, R. D., Sharifabad, H. H., Torabi, M., Azizinejad, R., Salemi, H. & Soltanabadi, M.H. (2021). Water productivity, morphological and biochemical responses of Sorghum bicolor (L.) under various levels of drought stress. Maydica, 66(2), 10.
• Rafique, N., Ilyas, N., Aqeel, M., Raja, N. I. & Shabbir, G. (2022). Interactive effects of melatonin and salicylic acid on Brassica Napus under drought condition. Research Square.
• Sadak, M. S., Abdalla, A. M., Abd Elhamid, E. M. & Ezzo, M. I. (2020). Role of melatonin in improving growth, yield quantity and quality of Moringa oleifera L. plant under drought stress. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 44(1), 1-13.
• Sadiq, M., Akram, N. A. & Ashraf, M. (2018). Impact of exogenously applied tocopherol on some key physiobiochemical and yield attributes in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] under limited irrigation regimes. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 40, 131.
• Sattar, A., Wang, X., Abbas, T., Sher, A., Ijaz, M., Ul-Allah, S., Irfan, M., Butt. M., Wahid, M. A. & Cheema, M. (2021). Combined application of zinc and silicon alleviates terminal drought stress in wheat by triggering morpho-physiological and antioxidants defense mechanisms. PLoS ONE, 16, e0256984.
• Shtaya, M. J., Al-Fares, H., Qubbaj, T., Abu-Qaoud, H. & Shraim, F. (2021). Influence of salt stress on seed germination and agromorphological traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Legume Research, 44(12):1455-1459.
• Tanaka, M. & Fujiwara, T. (2008). Physiological roles and transport mechanisms of B: perspectives from plants. Eur. J. Physiol., 456, 671-677.
• Turner, M. F., Heuberger, A. L., Kirkwood, J. S., Collins, C. C., Wolfrum, E. J., Broeckling, C. D., Prenni, J. E. & John, C. E. (2016). Non-targeted metabolomics in diverse sorghum breeding lines indicates primary and secondary metabolite profiles are associated with plant biomass accumulation and photosynthesis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 953.
• Ulukapı, K., & Nasıircilar, A. G. Investigation of Drought Tolerance of Dwarf Landrace Phaseolus vulgaris L. Genotypes.Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(1): 62-70.
• Verlues, P. E. & Bray, E. A. (2004). LWR1 and LWR2 are required for osmoregulation and osmotic adjustment in Arabidopsis. Argon J., 70, 761-764.
• Wu, S., Sun, X., Tanab, Q. & Huab, C. (2019). Molybdenum improves water uptake via extensive root morphology, aquaporin expressions and increased ionic concentrations in wheat under drought stress. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 157, 241-249.
• Xia, F. S., Wang, Y. C., Zhu, H. S., Ma, J. Y., Yang, Y. Y., Tian, R. & Dong, K. H. (2019). Influence of priming with exogenous boron on the seed vigour of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Legume Research, 42(6), 795-799.
• Xia, F. S., Wang, F., Wang, Y. C., Wang, C. C., Tian, R., Ma, J. Y., Zhu, H. S. & Dong, K. H. (2020). Influence of boron priming on the antioxidant ability of alfalfa seeds. Legume Research, 43(6), 788-793.
• Yang, X., Li, Y., Ren, B., Ding, L., Gao, C., Shen, Q. & Guo, S. (2012). Drought-induced root aerenchyma formation restricts water uptake in rice seedlings supplied with nitrate. Plant Cell Physiol, 53, 495-504.
• Yao, X., Chu, J. & Wang, G. (2009). Effects of selenium on wheat seedlings under drought stress. Biological Trace Element Research, 130(3), 283-290.