Effect of Water Deficit at Different Growth Periods on Yield, Quality and Water Productivity of Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum l.) under Central Sudan Agro-climatic Zone

Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 2, 313 - 326, 30.06.2023

Heitham Elbashier , Samıa Yagoub , Nahid Khalıl Abdalbasıt Marıod

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1219965

Cited By: 1

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during two consecutive seasons of 2020/21 and 2021/22 at the Sugarcane Research Center Farm – Gunied, (Central Sudan Agro-climatic zone), to evaluate the effect of water deficit irrigation at different growth periods on yield, quality and water productivity of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Variety Co 6806. The study was designed in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Irrigation deficit treatments were applied when available soil moisture content (ASMC) reached 25% in the root zone at eight different growth periods. The eight growth periods were begun from plant age 51th day to day100th at which the first deficit irrigation treatment was applied (DT1), age from day101th to day 150th the second deficit irrigation treatment was applied (DT2), age from day 151th to day 200th the third deficit irrigation treatment was applied (DT3), then at the same growth period length of 50 days fallow the other treatments till DT8 the eight irrigation deficit treatment was applied at crop age from day 401th to day 450th. These were compared with optimum irrigation (DT0) which was irrigated at 60% ASMC at the root zone. Results showed that all deficit irrigation treatments (DT1 to DT8) recorded significant cane and sugar yield reduction than the control (DT0) in the two growing seasons. In this sense, DT1, DT2, DT3, and DT8 treatments have recorded the highest cane and water productivity. Therefore, for sugarcane crop planting in November deficit irrigation must be avoided at the crop age of 6.7th month to age 13.3th month.

Keywords

Plant cane, deficit irrigation, yield, Crop age, productivity

References

• Abdel-Wahab, D.M. (2005). Effect of irrigation interval on yield and yield components of two Sugarcane cultivars grown at Kenana Sugar Scheme. University of Gezirah Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(1), 32-43.
• Abu Alama, I. E. M. , Yagoub, S. O. , Abdelhaleem, M. & Marıod, A. (2022). Effect of potassium sulphate fertilizer doses on sugarcane growth yield and quality grown in Sudan. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32(3), 635-640. DOI: 10.29133/yyutbd.1072637
• Ayana, M. (2011). Deficit irrigation practices as an alternative means of improving water use efficiencies in irrigated case study of maize crop at Arab Minch Ethiopia. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(3), 226-235.
• Choudhary, H.R., Singh, R.K., Prajapat, K., Choudhary, G.L. (2013). Water Management in Sugarcane National Seminar on Enhancing Water Productivity in Agriculture (March 8-9, 2013) Department of Agronomy, UGC SAP DRS-! Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
• Doorenbos, J., & Kassam, W.O. (1979) Guidelines for Predicting Crop Water Requirements. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24, FAO, Rome. Italy.
• Eltahir, E. E. (2002). Sugarcane harvesting techniques. Paper presented at the National Training Center for Sugar, Sennar, Sudan.
• Eltayeb, G. E., (2011). Sugarcane responses to different irrigation regimes, Ph.D. Thesis, Sudan University of Science, and Technology. Khartoum, Sudan.
• Ethan S., Gana A, Wada C, Baba J, 2013. Effect of irrigation intervals on the yield of three released sugarcane varieties in Nigeria. Journal of Agriculture Technology, 9(7), 1731-1738.
• FAO, (2016). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 491 http://fao.org/faostat/en /#rankings/countries by commodity. Accessed 2 October492 2022.
• FAO, (2021). United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO Stat, 2021.
• Farbrother, H. G., (1973). Water requirements of crops in the Gezira. Annual Report of the Gezira Research Station, Wad Medani, Sudan.
• Gamechis D. U., & Vighneswara R. K. (2020). Analysis of deterioration rate in sugarcane varieties (Saccharum officinarum sp. hybrid) under different environmental conditions at Finchaa sugarcane plantation, Finchaa, Oromia region, Ethiopia. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 16(8), 48–53.
• GMA, (2021). Guneid Meteorological Authority (2021).
• Howell, T. (1994). Irrigation engineering, evapotranspiration. In Encyclopedia of Agricultural Science, Arntzem, C. J., and Ritter E. M. (eds), 2:591-600.
• ICUMSA, Method Book, (1994). International Commission for Uniform Method of Sugar Analysis. GS 6 (1–3).
• Jain, P., Pal, R., Kadian, S.P., & Saini, M.L. (2002). Character relationship among quality and agronomical traits in sugarcane. Indian sugar, LII (9), 723-726.
• Ramiro, M. P., Alberto, A. A., Luis, F. M., Jorag, Jose, O., & Alejandro, A. (2019). Life cycle assessment of cane sugar production: The environmental contribution to human health, climate change, ecosystem quality and resources in Maxico. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 54(7), 668-678. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2019.1579537.
• Salgado-G., S., CastelánEstrada, M., Méndez-Adorno, J. M., Lagunes-Espinoza, L. C., CórdovaSánchez, S., & Mendoza-Hernández, R. H. (2021). Suspension of irrigation during the maturation phase of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) cultivation. Agro Productividad. https://doi.org/10.32854/agrop.v14i11.2091
• Silva, A. L.C., & Costa, W.A.J.M., (2004). Varietal variation in growth, physiology and yield of sugarcane under two contrasting water regimes. Tropical Agricultural Research 16, 1-12.
• Smith, M., Allen, R. G., Monleith, J. L., Pereira, A., & Segeren, A. (1991). Report of the Expert Consultation on Procedures for Revision of FAO Guidelines for Prediction of Crop Water Requirements. UN-FAO, Rome, Italy, 54 p.
• Spancer, G.L & Meade, G.P. 1963. Cane sugar handbook, 9th ed., G.P. Meade John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York pp: 17.
• Srivastava, T.K., Chauhan, R.S., & Menhi, L. (2005). Weed dynamics and their management in sugarcane under different preceding crops and tillage systems. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 75(5), 256-260.
• Sudanese Sugar Company S.S.C. Annual Report, (2021). Sudanese Sugar Company annual report season 2020/2021.
• Tawfik, R. S., & El-Mouhamady, A. B. A. (2019). Molecular genetic studies on abiotic stress resistance in sorghum entries through using half diallel analysis and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 43(1), 1-17.
• Wei, X., Eglinton, J., Piperidis, G., Atkin, F., Morgan, T., Parfitt, R., & Hu, F. (2022). Sugarcane Breeding in Australia. Sugar Technology, 24, 151–165.
• Wiedenfed, N., (2008). Effect of irrigation water salinity and electrostatic water treatment for sugarcane production. Agricultural Water Management, 95, 86-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2007.10.004.
• Yahaya, M., Falaki, A. & Busari, E. A. (2010). Sugarcane Yield and Quality as Influenced by Nitrogen rates and Irrigation Frequency. Nigerian Journal of Research, 17(2).
• Zhao, D., Glaz, B., & Comstock, J.C. (2010). Sugarcane response to water-deficit stress during early growth on organic and sand soils. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 5, 403-414. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajabssp.2010.403.414.