Development and Detection of Antimicrobial Properties of Polyherbal Handwash

Year 2023, Volume: 33 Issue: 3, 441 - 449, 30.09.2023

Zainab Irfan , Sumon Gırı Afsona Khatun Marwa A. A. Fayed

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1271260

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Many of the medications marketed as traditional herbal medicines have unquestionably been used for a very long time. Hands have always been the dominant source of transmission of infection to patients. Thus, encouraging "personal hygiene" is the main objective of developing a herbal hand wash. The current study's goal was to develop a formulation of polyherbal handwash employing methanolic extracts of dried leaves of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum gratissimum, and Coriandrum sativum. Other ingredients entailed lemon juice, aloe vera, lavender oil, HPMC, triethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), glycerine, and methylparaben. Four batches of hand wash formulations were prepared, and each batch was tested for stability, appearance, colour, grittiness, pH, viscosity, foam height, and other physical characteristics. Using the agar well diffusion method, the anti-microbial effectiveness of the prepared polyherbal hand wash was tested on a variety of bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Salmonella typhi, Aspergillus niger, and Candida albicans. The results demonstrated that manufactured herbal handwash formulations, particularly F3, displayed a prominent zone of inhibition in comparison to standard commercial handwash, indicating that the extract of these phytoconstituents may be employed to manufacture handwash with antimicrobial properties. As a result, the research shows that the herbal handwash formulation is analogous to commercial handwash in reducing the amount of bacteria on hands and may be used as a replacement handwash made from natural sources without experiencing any undesirable effects.

Keywords

Herbal Plants, Methanolic extract, antimicrobial activity, Polyherbal Handwash, Zone of inhibition

References

• Acharya, S. B., Ghosh, S., Yadav, G., Sharma, K., Ghosh, S., & Joshi, S. (2018). Formulation, evaluation, and antibacterial efficiency of water-based herbal hand sanitizer gel. bioRxiv, 373928.
• Adhikari, B. (2021). Roles of Alkaloids from Medicinal Plants in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Chemistry, 2021, 1-10.
• Alzyood, M., Jackson, D., Aveyard, H., & Brooke, J. (2020). COVID-19 reinforces the importance of handwashing. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(15), 2760-2761.
• Aware, N. P., Ghulaxe, C. V., Gajbhiye, P. R., Kohale, N. B., & Raut, A. R. (2022). Development and Evaluation of Polyherbal Handwash containing Mimosa pudica, Azadirachta indica and Glycyrrhiza glabra. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 76(2), 23-26.
• Bagade, P. V., Gidde, N. D., Nadaf, S. I., Desai, P. V., Lokhande, M. S., & Sargar, L. V. (2021). Formulation and Evaluation of Gel Based Herbal Hand Wash Using Extracts of Argemone Mexicana. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, 6(6), 28-33. Barman, P., Das, S., & Deb, S. (2020). Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hand wash. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 8(5), 3083-3086.
• Bereksi, M. S., Hassaïne, H., Bekhechi, C., & Abdelouahid, D. E. (2018). Evaluation of antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants extracts commonly used in Algerian traditional medicine against some pathogenic bacteria. Pharmacognosy Journal, 10(3), 507-512.
• Bhagwan, B. A., Nakhate, S.T., & Hingane, L. D. (2021). Formulation and Evaluation of herbal hand wash by using natural ingredients by simple method. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 9(12), 627-642.
• Bhavani, T., Mohan, R. R., Mounica, C., Nyamisha, J., Krishna, A. G., Prabhavathi, P., Raja, R. R., & Baba, K. H. (2019). Phytochemical screening & antimicrobial activity of Ocimum gratissimum review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(2), 76-79.
• Chen, X., Wang, T., Li, Q., Cheng, L., Xie, Z., Xu, J., & Yang, D. (2022). Comparison of improved surgical eight-step handwashing combined with ATP Fluorescence in Detecting the Infection Rate at the site of Seven-step surgical handwashing and 30-day Orthopaedic Surgery: A Randomized study. Scanning, 2022.
• Chindarkar, P. V. (2020). Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Handwash Gel from Hyptis suaveolens flowering-tops. American Journal of PharmTech Research, 10(2), 350-353.
• Chitkara, M., Sindhu, R. K., Singh, I., Kumar, D., Sandhu, I.S., & Arora, S. (2020). Formulation and Evaluation of Essential oils based liquid herbal handwash. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 13(4), 1919-1922.
• Dhakshayani, G. M., & Alias, P. S. J. (2022). A comparative study of phytochemical, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and antidiabetic potential of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): Microgreen and mature plant. Foods and Raw materials, 10(2), 283-294.
• Donio, M. B. S., Remya, R., Michaelbabu, M., Uma, G., & Citarasu, T. (2022). Characterization and biomedical application of Tetradecamethylcycloheptasiloxane, a silicone-type biosurfactant produced by Streptomyces castaneoglobisporus AJ9 isolated from solar salt works. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, 51(8), 694-704.
• Eshete, M. A., & Molla, E. L. (2021). Cultural significance of medicinal plants in healing human ailments among Guji semi-pastoralist people, Suro Barguda District, Ethiopia. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 17(1), 1-18.
• Figueiredo, L. C., Figueiredo, N. F., Cruz, D. F. D., Baccelli, G. T., Sarachini, G. E., Bueno, M. R., Feres, M., & Bueno-Silva, B. (2022). Propolis, Aloe Vera, Green Tea, Cranberry, Calendula, Myrrha and Salvia Properties against Periodontal Microorganisms. Microorganisms, 10(11), 2172.
• Ganguly, D., Banerjee, M., Chakraborty, A., Das, H., Sekh, A., Arif, M. D., Arif, S.T., Ghosh, R., Ghosh, S., & Sahoo, D. K. (2022). Preparation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Handwash of Different Herbal Sources. Neuroquantology, 20(11), 8113-8123.
• Ghurghure, S. M., Dhange, A. A., Kamalapure, N. R., Kate, S. N., Katkar, A. R., Katta, A. V., Kattimani, C. U., & Kattimani, S. G. (2019). Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hand Wash Gel using Nerium oleander. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences, 10(1), 1-6.
• Giri, S., Pattanaik, A., Mohanty, D., & Shukla, N. (2022). Research Article Comparison and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Mimosa pudica, Azadiracta Indica and Citrus Limon in Aqueous Based Hand Wash With Marketed Herbal Products. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Life Sciences: Volume, 3(3), 28-35.
• Hęś, M., Dziedzic, K., Górecka, D., Jędrusek-Golińska, A., & Gujska, E. (2019). Aloe vera (L.) Webb.: natural sources of antioxidants–a review. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 74, 255-265.
• Islas, J. F., Acosta, E., Zuca, G., Delgado-Gallegos, J. L., Moreno-Treviño, M. G., Escalante, B., & Moreno-Cuevas, J. E. (2020). An overview of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and its potential impact on health. Journal of Functional Foods, 74, 104171.
• Kamalapurkar K.A., & Shendge A. R. (2022). Formulation and evaluation of herbal handwash containing Quercus infectoria galls extract. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Applications, 7(3), 1309-1313.
• Khan, A. M., & Raghav, P. K. (2021). Development and standardization of neem and aloe vera based herbal hand wash using low cost Indigenous Technology. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 14(8), 4137-4142.
• Kuril, M., Yadav, Y., Sahi, A. K., & Shukla, K. (2020). Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Paper Soap. Journal of Innovation and Invention in Pharmaceutical Sciences (JIIPS), 1(1), 54.
• Kusarkar, P., Kupkar, M., & Dudhgaonkar, T. (2022). A study on formulation and evaluation of herbal hand sanitizer and herbal handwash. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12(3), 199-202.
• Latif, M. J., Hassan, S. M., Mughal, S. S., Aslam, A., Munir, M., Shabbir, N., Mushtaq, M., & Perveiz, S. (2020). Therapeutic potential of Azadirachta indica (neem) and their active phytoconstituents against diseases prevention. Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, 10(3), 98-110.
• Mahleyuddin, N. N., Moshawih, S., Ming, L. C., Zulkifly, H. H., Kifli, N., Loy, M. J., Sarker, M. M. R., Al-Worafi, Y. M., Goh, B. H., Thuraisingam, S., & Goh, H. P. (2021). Coriandrum sativum L.: A review on ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and cardiovascular benefits. Molecules, 27(1), 209.
• Mali, K. D., Chaudhari, H. P., Chaudhari, K. R. & Chaudhari, D. I. (2020). Formulation and Evaluation of alcohol-free herbal handwash containing Ocimum Sanctum. International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 10(2), 113-118. doi: https://doi.org/10.21276/ijpbs.2020.10.2.13
• Mulani, S. A., Kolekar, Y. S., Tamboli, F. A., More, H. N., Mane, P. K., & Misal, A. A. (2021). Formulation and evaluation of polyherbal human health amiable hand sanitizer: A need to fight COVID 19. IP Indian Journal of Anatomy and Surgery of Head, Neck, and Brain, 7(2), 47-50.
• Natarajan, S., & PreethiAnand, K. (2021). Review on the importance of herbal hand sanitizers with the emergence of COVID-19. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Application, 6(3), 702-705.
• Nurcholis, W., Iqbal, T. M., Sulistiyani, S., & Liwanda, N. (2023). Profile of Secondary Metabolites in Different Parts of the Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) Plant with Antioxidant Activity. Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 33(2), 231-247.
• Pallai, D. R., Chandrashekar, S. K., Nayak, D., Banu, A., Kumar, P., Pai, V., HN, A. R., & Raj, R. (2021). Development and evaluation of Herbal hand wash with Neem Alcoholic Extract. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 14(1), 308-310.
• Patel, A., Kushwah, P., Pillai, S., Raghuvanshi, A., & Deshmukh, N. (2017). Formulation and evaluation of Herbal Hand wash containing Ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root extract. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 10(1), 55-57.
• Powar, P. V., Bhandari, N. R., & Arya Ashwini, S. P. (2015). Formulation and Evaluation of Poly Herbal Anti-Bacterial Gel Based Hand Wash. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 33(1), 79-82.
• Rajalakshmi, M. (2019). Preparation and testing for the efficacy of polyherbal hand wash. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Life Sciences, 7(1), 6-9.
• Reddy, I. V., & Neelima, P. (2022). Neem (Azadirachta indica): A review on medical Kalpavriksha. International Journal of Economical Plants, 9(1), 59-63.
• Rukari, T., Pawar, N., Gawas, S., Bhoite, J., Jadhav, P., Madkholkar, S., & Jagtap, V. (2022). To Study In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Polyherbal Handwash Formulation. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 12(3), 237-241.
• Sahoo, D. D., Tabassum, Y., & Sharma, D. (2022). Multiple health benefits of Tulsi plants. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 10(5), 95-102.
• Sánchez, M., González-Burgos, E., Iglesias, I., & Gómez-Serranillos, M. P. (2020). Pharmacological update properties of Aloe vera and its major active constituents. Molecules, 25(6), 1324. Sharma, S. K., & Singh, S. (2020). Antimicrobial Herbal Soap Formulation. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International, 32(36), 82-88.
• Sharma, P., & Upadhyaya, K. (2019). A Comprehensive View on the Ocimum Bassed Anti-Bacterial Essential Oil. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8(7), 1991-2001.
• Singh, J., Sharma, M., Jyoti, T. P., Kaundal, R., Behl, R., & Tripathi, S. (2022). Formulation and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Herbal Hand Wash Gel Containing Aqueous Extract of Sapindus mukorossi. Archives of Clinical and Medical Microbiology, 1(1), 31-34.
• Sinha, S. K., Poudyal, S., Khatiwada, S., Ahmed, S., Chatterjee, A., Mohanty, J. P., & Das, R. (2022). Formulation and evaluation of herbal handwash using neem and reetha extract. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 11(5), 207-210.
• Singh, M., & Singh, S.K. (2022). Formulation and Antimicrobial Analysis of olyherbal Wash in Ambikapur Surgujia Chattisgarh. International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews. 3(5), 2689-2694.
• Sobhani, Z., Mohtashami, L., Amiri, M. S., Ramezani, M., Emami, S. A., & Simal Gandara, J. (2022). Ethnobotanical and phytochemical aspects of the edible herb Coriandrum sativum L. Journal of Food Science, 87(4), 1386-1422.
• Sumaiya, M., Anchana, C. D., & Leela, K. (2017). A Study on Biosurfactant Production from Marine Bacteria. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 7(12), 139-145.
• Takó, M., Kerekes, E. B., Zambrano, C., Kotogán, A., Papp, T., Krisch, J., & Vágvölgyi, C. (2020). Plant phenolics and phenolic-enriched extracts as antimicrobial agents against food-contaminating microorganisms. Antioxidants, 9(2), 165.
• Tunio, N. Q., Rafiq, M., Tunio, A. A., Qureshi, A. S., Charan, T. R., Bhutto, M. A., & Lashari, Z. (2022). Determination of Phytochemcials, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Allelopathic Effects of Fagonia cretica L., collected from Jamshoro, Pakistan. Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32(4), 785-794.
• Vaou, N., Stavropoulou, E., Voidarou, C., Tsigalou, C., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2021). Towards advances in medicinal plant antimicrobial activity: A review study on challenges and future perspectives. Microorganisms, 9(10), 2041.
• Wal, P., Wal, A., Pal, R. S., Pal, Y., & Saraswat, N. (2021). An Ayurvedic Based Dermal Treatment for Skin Sanitization. The Open Dermatology Journal, 15(1), 59-65.
• Wei, J. N., Liu, Z. H., Zhao, Y. P., Zhao, L. L., Xue, T. K., & Lan, Q. K. (2019). Phytochemical and bioactive profile of Coriandrum sativum L. Food chemistry, 286, 260-267.