Impact of Vermicompost and Different Plant Activators on Yield and Some Quality Parameters in Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.)

Year 2024, Volume: 34 Issue: 3, 539 - 548, 30.09.2024

Aygül Dayan

https://doi.org/10.29133/yyutbd.1471491

Abstract

In addition to being used as a snack, pumpkin seeds are an industrial product. It also has the potential to be used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Seed yield and quality are traits of economic importance. This study aims to determine the effect of vermicompost and different plant activators on the yield and some parameters of the pumpkin's quality. For this purpose, three plant activators [(ISR-2000 (I), Symbion-Vam (S), and Green-Miracle (G)] together with vermicompost (V) have been used. The experiment was conducted in the field of the Cukurova University Pozantı Agricultural Research and Application Center, Turkey. A total of 8 applications were made. Conventional fertilizer (CF) application was determined as the control group. The results showed that the applications increased the snack pumpkin's fruit, seed yield, and quality. The highest fruit and seed yield was obtained from CF (37.2 t ha-1, 101.42 g-1m2) application, followed by V+I (27.1 t ha -1, 80.09 g-1m2) application. Additionally, CF applications resulted in the highest fruit width (14.82 cm), length (23.31 cm), seed width (10.21 mm), and length (20.66 mm) of internal weight (74.33 %) measurements. Regarding mineral element and phenolic content, higher results were obtained when vermicompost and plant activators were combined. According to the study results, different doses of vermicompost may be recommended as an alternative to conventional fertilizer application in future studies.

Keywords

Pumpkin, Plant activator, Total phenolic, Vermicompost

Supporting Institution

Çukurova Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Project Number

11363

Thanks

Bu çalışma, Çukurova Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi (ÇÜ, BAP, Proje Numarası: 11363) tarafından desteklenmiştir.

References

• Aksu, G., Köksal, S. B. & Altay, H. (2017). The effect of vermicompost on some soil properties and yield in chard. Journal of ÇOMÜ Faculty of Agriculture, 5(2), 123-128. Doi: 10.24180/ijaws.789522.
• Altun, M. (2017). Determination of the effectiveness of fertigation technique and organic and chemical fertilizer applications on the yield and quality of broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var italica). Master's thesis, University of Namık Kemal, institute of science, Tekirdag, Turkey.
• Amiri, H., Ismaili, A., & Hosseinzadeh, S. R. (2017). Influence of vermicompost fertilizer and water deficit stress on morphophysiological features of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Karaj). Compost Science & Utilization, 25(3), 1-14, Doi: 10.1080/1065657X.2016.1249313.
• Aras, A. (2022). Determination of trace elements in rumex nepalensis, ınula discoidea, tripleurospermum callosum, and thymus migricus plants using ICP-MS application. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 12(3), 1703-1710.
• Artyszak, A., & Gozdowski, D. (2020). The effect of growth activators and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the soil properties, root yield, and technological quality of sugar beet, Agronomy, 10(9), 1262, Doi:10.3390/agronomy10091262.
• Ayaz, F. A, Ozcan, M., Kurt, A., Karayigit, B., Ozogul, Y., Glew, R., & Ozogul, F. (2017). Fatty acid composition and antioxidant capacity of cypselas in Centaurea sl taxa (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from NE Anatolia. South African Journal of Botany, 112, 474-482. Doi; doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.06.033.
• Aysan, M., Özdemir, S. K., & Erkılıç, A. (2019). The effects of some plant activators against rhizoctonia root rot (Rhizoctonia solani) on strawberry, Journal of Tekirdag Agricultural Faculty, 16(2), 173-180.
• Basu, S., Priyadarshini, P., Prasad, R., & Kumar, G. (2022). Effects of microbial signaling in plant growth and development. Prasad R and Zhang SH (eds), In Beneficial Microorganisms in Agriculture, 372-1, Springer: Singapore.
• Blouin, M., Barrere, J., Meyer, N., Lartigue, S., Barot, S., & Mathieu, J. (2019). Vermicompost significantly affects plant growth. A Meta-Analysis Agron Sustain Dev, 39, 34.
• Boujemaa, I., El Bernoussi. S., Harhar H., & Tabyaoui, M. (2020). The influence of the species on the quality, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of pumpkin seed oil. Oilseeds and fats, Crops and Lipids, 27- 40. Doi: 10.1051/ocl/2020031.
• Ceritoglu, M., & Erman, M. (2020). Effect of vermicompost application at different sowing dates on some phenological, agronomic and yield traits in lentil. Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, 15(3), 158-166.
• Dass, A., Rajanna, G. A., Babu, S., Lal, S. K., Choudhary, A. K., Singh, R., Rathore, S. S., Kaur, R., Dhar S, Singh, T., R. Raj, R., Shekhawat, K., Singh, C., & Kumar, B. (2022). Foliar application of macro-and micronutrients ımproves the productivity, economic returns, and resource-use efficiency of soybean in a semiarid climate. Sustainability, 14(10), 5825. Doi: 10.33990/su14105825.
• Dayan, A, & Sarı, N. (2019). The Effects of different plant activators on fruit and seed yield and properties of snack pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.). International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, 5, 10. Doi: 10.7176/JSTR/5-10-01.
• Devi, N. M, Prasad, R. V., & Palmei, G. (2018). Physico-chemical characterisation of pumpkin seeds. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 6(5), 828-831.
• Ding, Z., Kheir, A. M., Ali, O. A., Hafez, E.M., ElShamey, E. A., Zhou, Z., Wang, B., Lin, X., Ge, Y., & Fahmy, A. E. (2021). A vermicompost and deep tillage system to improve saline-sodic soil quality and wheat productivity. Journal of Environmental Management, 1(277), 111388. Doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111388.
• Durukan, H., Demirbaş, A., & Tutar, U. (2019). The effects of solid and liquid vermicompost application on yield and nutrient uptake of tomato plant. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 7(7), 1069-1074. Doi: doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i7.1069-1074.2579.
• Erdinç, Ç., Seymen, M., Türkmen, Ö., Fidan, S., & Paksoy, M. (2018). Mineral composition of inbred confectionary pumpkin candidates from Turkey originated populations. Iğdır Univ. J. Inst. Sci. & Tech, 8, 11-17.
• Ermiş, S., & Yanmaz, R. (2022). Comparative study of the chemical composition and nutritional value of pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo l.) grown ın the different ecological conditions of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 9(2), 413–423.
• Göktekin, Z., & Ünlü, H. (2016). Farmyard manure in tomato cultivation. green manure. The effects of using microbial fertilizers and plant activators on yield and quality criteria. Journal of Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Agriculture, 11(2), 108-119.
• Gregersen, P. L., Culetic, A., Boschian, L., & Krupinska, K. (2013). Plant senescence and crop productivity. Plant Molecular Biology, 82, 603–622. Doi: 10.1007/s11103-013-0013-8.
• Günhan, T. (2020). Determination of the effects of reduced nitrogen fertilizer applications and vermicompost combinations on yield and yield components of pehlivan bread wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L.). Master's thesis, University of Uludağ, Institute of science, Bursa, Turkey.
• Kabtni, S., Sdouga, D., Rebey, I. B., Save, M., Farah, N. T., Fauconnier, M. L., & Marghali, S. (2020). Influence of climate variation on phenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of Medicago minima populations. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1-15. Doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65160-4.
• Kacar, B. (1972). Bitki ve toprağın kimyasal analizleri. II. Bitki analizleri. Ankara Universitesi Ziraat Fakultesi Yayinlari. No: 453, Ankara, 646 p.
• Karaköy, T., Erdem, H., Baloch, F. S., Toklu, F., Eker, S., Kilian, B., & Özkan, H. (2012). Diversity of macro-and micronutrients in the seeds of lentil landraces. The Scientific World Journal ,710412, 9. Doi: doi.org./10.1100/2012/710412.
• Lillo, C., Lea, U. S., & Ruoff, P. (2007). Nutrient depletion as a key factor for manipulating gene expression and product formation in different branches of the flavonoid pathway. Plant Cell Environment, 31, 587–601. Doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01748.
• Martinec, N., Balbino, S., Dobša, J., Šimunić‐Mežnarić, V., & Legen, S. (2019). Macro‐and microelements in pumpkin seed oils: Effect of processing, crop season, and country of origin. Food Science & Nutrition, 7(5), 1634-1644.
• Meru, G. M., Fu, Y., Leyva, D., Sarnoski, P., & Yagiz, Y. (2018). Phenotypic relationships among oil, protein, fatty acid composition and seed size traits in Cucurbita pepo. Scientia Horticulturae, 233, 47-53. Doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2018.01.030.
• Mukherjee, P. K., Singha, S., Kar, A., Chanda, J., Banerjee, S., Dasgupta, B., Haldar, P. K., & Sharma, N. (2022). Therapeutic importance of Cucurbitaceae: A medicinally important family. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 282, 114599. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114599.
• Nagar, A., Sureja, A. K., Munshi, A. D., Bhardwaj, R., Kumar, S., & Tomar, B. S. (2017). Heritability, correlation and genetic divergence for different seed traits in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). Indian J. Agri. Sci, 87(11), 1519-1523. Doi: 10.56093/ijas.v87i11.75740.
• Ngamdee, P., Wichai, U., & Jiamyangyuen, S. (2016). Correlation between phytochemical and mineral contents and antioxidant activity of black glutinous rice bran, and ıts potential chemopreventive property. Food Technol. Biotechnol, 54(3), 282–289. Doi: 10.17113/ft b.54.03.16.4346.
• Noroozi, F., Bimakr, M., Ganjloo, A., & Aminzare, M. (2021). A short time bioactive compounds extraction from Cucurbita pepo seed using continuous ultrasound‐assisted extraction. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 15, 2135–2145. Doi: 10.1007/s11694-021-00810-3.
• Peng, M., Lu, D., Liu, J., Jiang, B., & Chen, J. (2021). Effect of roasting on the antioxidant activity, phenolic composition, and nutritional quality of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8, 647354. Doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.647354.
• Prommaban, A., Kuanchoom, R., Seepuan, N., & Chaiyana, W. (2021). Evaluation of fatty acid compositions, antioxidant, and pharmacological activities of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) seed oil from aqueous enzymatic extraction. Plants, 10(8), 1582. Doi: doi.org./10.3390/plants10081582.
• Rahimi, A., Moghaddam, S. S., Ghiyasi, M., Heydarzadeh, S., Ghazizadeh, K., & Popović-Djordjević, J. (2019). The influence of chemical, organic and biological fertilizers on agrobiological and antioxidant properties of syrian cephalaria (Cephalaria syriaca L.). Agriculture, 9(6), 122. Doi: 10.3390/agriculture9060122.
• Rehecho, S., Hidalgo, O., de Cirano, M. G. I., Navarro, I., Astiasarán, I., Ansorena, D., Cavero-Remon, R. Y., & Calvo, M. I. (2011). Chemical composition, mineral content and antioxidant activity of Verbena officinalis L. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 44(4), 875-882. Doi: dx.doi.org./10.1016/j.lwt.2010.11.035.
• Saavedra, M. J., Aires, A., Dias, C., Almeida, J. A., De Vasconcelos, M. C. B. M., Santos, P., & Rosa, E.A. (2015). Evaluation of the potential of squash pumpkin by-products (seeds and shell) as sources of antioxidant and bioactive compounds. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(2), 1008-1015. Doi: 10.1007/s13197-013-1089-5.
• Sadegh, M., Zaefarian, F., Akbarpour, V., & Emadi, M. (2020). Effect of chemical and none chemical fertilizer on rosemary dry matter in competition with weeds. Journal of Crops Improvement, 22(1), 135-148. Doi: doi.org/10.22059/jci.2019.282463.2224.
• Saket, S., Singh, S. B., Namdeo, K. N., & Parihar, S. S. (2014). Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on yield, quality and nutrients uptake of lentil. Annals of Plant and Soil Research, 16(3), 238-241.
• Santos, R. F., Bassegio, D., Sartori, M. M. P., Zannoto, M. D., & Silva, MdeA. (2018). Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) yield as affected by nitrogen fertilization and different water regimes. Acta Agron, 67(2), 264-269. Doi:.15446/acag.v67n2.60896.
• Seymen, M., Uslu, N., Türkmen, Ö., Al Juahaimi, F., & Özcan, M. M. (2016). Chemical compositions and mineral contents of some hull-less pumpkin seed and oils. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 93, 1095-1099. Doi: 10.1007/s11746-016-2850-5.
• Seymen, M., Yavuz, D., Dursun, A., Kurtar, E. S., & Türkmen, Ö. (2019). Identification of drought-tolerant pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) genotypes associated with certain fruit characteristics, seed yield, and quality. Agricultural Water Management, 221, 150-159. Doi: 10.1016/j.agwat.2019.05.009.
• Sharma, P., Kaur, G., Kehinde, B. A., Chhikara, N., Panghal, A., & Kaur, H. (2020). Pharmacological and biomedical uses of extracts of pumpkin and its relatives and applications in the food industry: a review. International Journal of Vegetable Science, 26(1), 79-95. Doi: 10.1080/19315260.2019.1606130.
• Singh, R., Soni, S. K., Awasthi, A., & Kalra, A. (2012). Evaluation of vermicompost doses for management of root-rot disease complex in Coleus forskohlii under organic field conditions. Australasian Plant Pathology, 41, 397-403.
• Sulaiman, S. F., Nor Adlin Md Yusoff, Eldeen, I. M., Seow E. M., Sajak, A. A. B., & Ooi, K. L. (2011). Correlation between total phenolic and mineral contents with antioxidant activity of eight Malaysian bananas (Musa sp.). Journal of food Composition and Analysis, 24, 1-10. Doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2010.04.005.
• TUIK, (2023). Turkey amount of snack pumpkin production. www.tuik.gov.tr (Access data: 01.12.2023).
• Üçok, Z., Demir, H., Sönmez, İ., & Polat, E. (2019). Effects of different organic fertilizer applications on yield, quality and plant nutrient content of curly salad (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa). Mediterranean Agricultural Sciences, 32, 63-68. Doi: 10.29136/mediterranean.559120.
• Yatoo, A. M., Ali, M., Baba, Z. A., & Hassan, B. (2021). Sustainable management of diseases and pests in crops by vermicompost and vermicompost tea. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 41(1), 1-26. doi: doi.org/10.1007/s13593-020-00657-w.
• Yetişir, H., & Aydin, A. (2019). Fruit, seed characteristics and seed yield of some bottle gourds (Lagenaria siceraria molina standl.) genotypes from Turkish germplasm. KSU J. Agric Nat, 22(2), 272-281. Doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.568008.