PCD-otofajinin bitki immünitesiyle korelasyonu

Year 2023, , 181 - 195, 01.04.2023

Berna Baş

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1074706

Abstract

Önemli bir katabolik olay olan otofaji bitkilerin gelişim süreçlerinde ve biyotik/abiyotik strese verdiği tepki sonucunda istenmeyen/hasarlı yapıların/moleküllerin sitoplazmik içerikle beraber vakuollerin içine alınarak litik enzimlerle parçalanması ve nihayet sitoplazmanın tasfiyesiyle hücre ölümü olayıdır. Otofaji konukçu-patojen interaksiyonlarında bitki immünitesinin düzenlenmesinde birçok önemli role sahiptir. Patojen organizmaların yaşam stratejilerine göre bitkilerde otofaji yoluyla hipersensitif reaksiyon (HR) ölümleri ya baskılanmakta ya da teşvik edilmektedir. Aslında otofaji bitki hücrelerinin biyotik faktörlere karşı kendini korumak ve homeostazı stabil tutmak amacıyla patojenleri veya patojene ait yapıları ortadan kaldırmak suretiyle yeni bir adaptasyon yolu olarak da düşünülebilir. HR hücre ölümlerinde otofajinin moleküler mekanizması kesin olarak bilinmese de, otofajiye dahil olan proteolitik enzimlerin HR hücre ölümlerini desteklemesi nedeniyle, bitki ETI (Effector-Triggered Immunity) immün sistemin bileşenlerinden olan HR programlı hücre ölüm kapsamında ele alınmaktadır. Otofaji bitki immünitesinde anti-patojenik yeni bir sistem olmaya aday doğal bir hücresel prosestir. Yeni çalışmalar, bitki immünitesinde HR-PCD (HR-Programmed Cell Death) sürecinde hücre yıkımının otofajiyle bağlantılı olduğunu düşündürmektedir. Bu derleme otofajik sistem ağının bitki immünitesiyle koreleli olduğunu örneklerle açıklamaktadır.

Keywords

Bitki immünitesi, hipersensitif tepki, otofaji, programlı hücre ölümü

Correlation with plant immunity of PCD-autophagy

Abstract

Autophagy, a major catabolic reaction, is cell death by lysis of undesirable/ damaged structures/molecules with some cytoplasmic contents engulfed by vacuoles and result finally in degredation of whole cytoplasm as a part of developmentel processes and to respond biotic/abiotic stresses for homeostasis. Autophagy has multifunctional significant roles in regulation of plant immunity during host-pathogen interactions. Hypersensitive reaction (HR) deaths caused by autophagy can either inhibited or induced depending on life strategies of the pathogen organisms. In fact, autophagy can be considered as a kind of any adaptation way ridding of pathogenes or a section of pathogen properties to maintain the cell itself and for stability of cellular homeostasis versus biotic factors. Although molecular mechanisms of autophagy in HR cell death is unknown, HR that is considered as ETI (Effector-Triggered Immunity) defense from tiered of plant immune system is involved in programmed cell death due to encouraged HR cell death of proteolytic enzymes in autophagy. As a candidate to be novel antipathogenic system in plant immunity, autophagy is already naturally available cellular process. Recent evidences suggest that cell degradation during HR-PCD (HR-Programmed Cell Death) in plant immunity is linked to autophagy process. This review explains with examples that the autophagic system network is correlated with plant immunity.

Keywords

Plant immunity, hypersensitive reaction, autophagy, programmed cell death

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