An investigation on cooling potential of micro scale parks in Antalya (Türkiye)
Abstract
Objective: This study examines the cooling effect of small-scale urban parks in a Mediterranean climate. The research aims to determine the temperature differences around the parks, analyze the relationship between this effect and spatial characteristics, and evaluate the microclimatic contributions of small-scale parks.
Material and Methods: Temperature measurements were taken in nine parks during the summer of 2021, and vegetation cover ratios were analyzed using satellite images. A regression analysis was performed between spatial characteristics and temperature measurements.
Results: Park size and vegetation density are decisive factors for cooling distance and effect. Parks larger than 2 hectares provide an average temperature reduction of 1°C compared to their surroundings, with this effect observed at a distance of 50 meters.
Conclusion: The study emphasizes the importance of more sustainable design strategies for urban green spaces in temperature regulation and ecosystem service contributions.
Keywords
Canopy, cooling effect, evapotranspiration, grass, urban heat island, urban parks
References
- Adıgüzel, G. & E. V. Küçükerbaş, 2018. Investigation micro-climatic effects of urban green spaces; the case of Bornova, İzmir. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 55 (3): 255-263. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.390630
- Algretawee, H., 2022. The effect of graduated urban park size on park cooling island and distance relative to land surface temperature (LST). Urban Climate, 45: 101255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101255
- Amani-Beni, M., B. Zhang, G. Xie & A. Odgaard, 2021. Impacts of the microclimate of a large urban park on its surrounding built environment in the summertime. Remote Sensing, 13 (22): 4703. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13224703
- Busca, F. & R. Revelli, 2022. Green areas and climate change adaptation in an urban environment: the case study of “Le Vallere” park (Turin, Italy). Sustainability, 14 (3): 8091. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14138091
- Cao, X., A. Onishi, J. Chen & H. Imura, 2010. Quantifying the cool island intensity of urban parks using ASTER and IKONOS data. Landscape and Urban Planning, 96 (4): 224-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2010.03.008
- Chang, R. C., M. H. Li & S. D. Chang, 2007. A preliminary study on the local cool-island intensity of Taipei city parks. Landscape and Urban Planning, 80 (4): 386-395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.09.005
- Chen, X., Y. Su, D. Li, G. Huang, W. Chen & S. Chen, 2012. Study on the cooling effects of urban parks on surrounding environments using Landsat TM data: a case study in Guangzhou, southern China. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 33 (18): 5889-5914. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2012.676743
- Feyisa, G. L., K. Dons & H. Meilby, 2014. Efficiency of parks in mitigating urban heat island effect: An example from Addis Ababa. Landscape and Urban Planning, 123: 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.12.008
- Gallay, I., B. Olah, V. Murtinová & Z. Gallayová, 2023. Quantification of the cooling effect and cooling distance of urban green spaces based on their vegetation structure and size as a basis for management tools for mitigating urban climate. Sustainability, 15 (4): 3705. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043705
- Gao, Y., H. Pan & L. Tian, 2023. Analysis of the spillover characteristics of cooling effect in an urban park: A case study in Zhengzhou city. Frontiers in Earth Science, 11: 1133901. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1133901