Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment

Özge Ulusoy Öz; Halil Erdem; Cabir Çağrı Gence

doi:10.20289/zfdergi.1869484

EN TR

Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of rice husk biochar (BC) on growth and nutrient element uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under increasing boron (B) applications. Material and Methods: The experiment was carried out in a climate chamber, where combinations of three boron doses (0, 5, and 10 mg B kg-1) and three biochar levels (0%, 1%, and 2%) were applied. Dry matter yields of roots and shoots as well as concentrations of B, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) were determined. Results: Increasing boron doses suppressed root and shoot growth in wheat; however, biochar application markedly alleviated these adverse effects. In particular, the 2% biochar application increased root dry matter yield by 33% and shoot dry matter yield by 18% under conditions of boron toxicity. Moreover, biochar limited the accumulation of toxic boron, reducing B concentrations in roots and shoots by 37% and 65%, respectively. These ameliorative effects of biochar were attributed to its physical, chemical, and biological properties, including high surface area, negatively charged functional groups, pH buffering capacity, activation of antioxidant defense systems, and support for rhizosphere biota. Conclusion: Rice husk biochar presents significant potential as a sustainable ameliorative organic material in agricultural areas where boron toxicity is prevalent.

Keywords

Biochar, boron, stress, toxicity, wheat

Supporting Institution

This work is supported by the Scientific Research Project Fund of Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University under the project number 2024-102.

Project Number

2024-102

Ethical Statement

This study did not involve human participants or experimental animals. Therefore, no ethical approval was required.

Biyokömür uygulaması ile buğdayda bor toksisitesinin azaltılması

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, artan bor (B) dozları uygulamasının çeltik kavuzu biyokömürünün (BC), buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) bitkisinde büyüme ve besin elementi alımı üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Materyal ve Yöntem: İklim odası koşullarında gerçekleştirilen çalışmada, üç farklı bor dozu (0, 5 ve 10 mg B kg-1) ile üç farklı biyokömür düzeyi (%0, %1 ve %2) kombinasyonları uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada kök ve yeşil aksam kuru madde verimleri ile B, azot (N), fosfor (P), potasyum (K), çinko (Zn), ve demir (Fe) konsantrasyonları belirlendi. Araştırma Bulguları: Sonuçlar, artan bor dozlarının buğday bitkisinde kök ve sürgün gelişimini baskıladığını, ancak biyokömür uygulamalarının bu olumsuz etkileri önemli ölçüde hafiflettiğini göstermiştir. Özellikle %2 biyokömür uygulaması, bor toksisitesi altında kök kuru madde verimini %33, yeşil aksam verimini ise %18 oranında artırmıştır. Ayrıca biyokömür, kök ve yeşil aksamda B konsantrasyonlarını sırasıyla %37 ve %65 oranında azaltarak toksik bor birikimini sınırlandırmıştır. Biyokömürün bu iyileştirici etkisi, yüksek yüzey alanı, negatif yüklü fonksiyonel grupları, pH tamponlama kapasitesi, antioksidatif savunma sistemlerinin aktivasyonu ve rizosfer biyotasının desteklenmesi gibi fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik özelliklerine dayandırılmıştır. Sonuç: Çeltik kavuzu biyokömürü, bor toksisitesinin yaygın olduğu tarım alanlarında sürdürülebilir bir iyileştirici organik materyal olarak önemli bir potansiyel sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Biyokömür, bor, stres, toksisite, buğday

Supporting Institution

Bu çalışma, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (TOGÜBAP) tarafından 2024-102 proje numarası ile desteklenmiştir.

Project Number

2024-102

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma insan katılımcıları veya deney hayvanlarını içermediğinden, etik kurul onayı gerekmemiştir.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Plant Nutrition and Soil Fertility

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Özge Ulusoy Öz
0009-0007-1833-9255
Türkiye

Halil Erdem ^*
0000-0002-3296-1549
Türkiye

Cabir Çağrı Gence
0000-0001-9748-1303
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 28, 2026

Submission Date

January 23, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 16, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 63 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1869484

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA26JT42KS

APA

Ulusoy Öz, Ö., Erdem, H., & Gence, C. Ç. (2026). Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, 63(2), 217-229. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1869484

AMA

1.Ulusoy Öz Ö, Erdem H, Gence CÇ. Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University. 2026;63(2):217-229. doi:10.20289/zfdergi.1869484

Chicago

Ulusoy Öz, Özge, Halil Erdem, and Cabir Çağrı Gence. 2026. “Mitigation of Boron Toxicity in Wheat via Biochar Amendment”. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University 63 (2): 217-29. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1869484.

EndNote

Ulusoy Öz Ö, Erdem H, Gence CÇ (June 1, 2026) Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University 63 2 217–229.

IEEE

[1]Ö. Ulusoy Öz, H. Erdem, and C. Ç. Gence, “Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment”, Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 217–229, June 2026, doi: 10.20289/zfdergi.1869484.

ISNAD

Ulusoy Öz, Özge - Erdem, Halil - Gence, Cabir Çağrı. “Mitigation of Boron Toxicity in Wheat via Biochar Amendment”. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University 63/2 (June 1, 2026): 217-229. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1869484.

JAMA

1.Ulusoy Öz Ö, Erdem H, Gence CÇ. Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University. 2026;63:217–229.

MLA

Ulusoy Öz, Özge, et al. “Mitigation of Boron Toxicity in Wheat via Biochar Amendment”. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University, vol. 63, no. 2, June 2026, pp. 217-29, doi:10.20289/zfdergi.1869484.

Vancouver

1.Özge Ulusoy Öz, Halil Erdem, Cabir Çağrı Gence. Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment. Journal of Agriculture Faculty of Ege University. 2026 Jun. 1;63(2):217-29. doi:10.20289/zfdergi.1869484

Mitigation of boron toxicity in wheat via biochar amendment

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Ethical Statement

Biyokömür uygulaması ile buğdayda bor toksisitesinin azaltılması

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Ethical Statement

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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