Agricultural Landscape Change Analysis: A Case Study of Bornova District in Izmir Province
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the research is to reveal how land use/land cover changes affected agricultural landscape changes between 2012 and 2016 in Bornova District, Izmir Province.
Material and Methods: For this purpose, RapidEye (dated 16 August 2012) and Landsat 8 OLI (dated 7 August 2016) satellite images were used. Eight landscape metrics were used, such as, Class Area (CA), Percentage of Landscape (PLAND), Mean Patch Area (AREA_MN), Connectance Index (CONNECT), Number of Patches (NP), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), Area-Weighted Mean Patch Area (AREA_AM) and Mean Euclidean Nearest Neighbor Distance (ENN_MN). Satellite images were interpreted by using software ArcGIS 10.1 to determine land use/land cover changes and FRAGSTATS 4.2 was used to analyze landscape patterns of the aforementioned district.
Results: As a result of this research, it was determined that agricultural areas increased from 3113 hectares to 3121 hectares. It has been determined that in areas with dense agricultural lands, agricultural areas have expanded with the opening of new agricultural areas, however, agricultural areas in other places have a tendency to shrink due to transformations into other land uses.
Conclusion: Determining the direction of land use/land cover changes and change trends is important in terms of reducing pressures on land, obtaining optimum benefit from natural resources and creating sustainable planning strategies. The study has revealed that evaluations of land use/land cover changes in Bornova District with landscape metrics can be a useful method to monitor the changes.
Material and Methods: For this purpose, RapidEye (dated 16 August 2012) and Landsat 8 OLI (dated 7 August 2016) satellite images were used. Eight landscape metrics were used, such as, Class Area (CA), Percentage of Landscape (PLAND), Mean Patch Area (AREA_MN), Connectance Index (CONNECT), Number of Patches (NP), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), Area-Weighted Mean Patch Area (AREA_AM) and Mean Euclidean Nearest Neighbor Distance (ENN_MN). Satellite images were interpreted by using software ArcGIS 10.1 to determine land use/land cover changes and FRAGSTATS 4.2 was used to analyze landscape patterns of the aforementioned district.
Results: As a result of this research, it was determined that agricultural areas increased from 3113 hectares to 3121 hectares. It has been determined that in areas with dense agricultural lands, agricultural areas have expanded with the opening of new agricultural areas, however, agricultural areas in other places have a tendency to shrink due to transformations into other land uses.
Conclusion: Determining the direction of land use/land cover changes and change trends is important in terms of reducing pressures on land, obtaining optimum benefit from natural resources and creating sustainable planning strategies. The study has revealed that evaluations of land use/land cover changes in Bornova District with landscape metrics can be a useful method to monitor the changes.
Keywords
Agricultural landscape , landscape change , landscape metrics
References
- Anonim, 2013. İzmir İl Arazi Varlığı, İzmir İl Özel İdaresi Yayınları.
- Antrop, M. 1998. Landscape change: Plan or chaos?, Landscape and Urban Planning, 41:155-161.
- Barnoaiea, A.R. 2011. Quantifying landscape fragmentation on orthophotos in Suceava and Neamt counties using FRAGSTATS, Journal of Horticulture, Forestry and Biotechnology, 15(3): 175-181.
- Benliay, A. ve Yıldırım, E. 2013. Peyzaj planlama çalışmalarında peyzaj metriklerinin kullanımı, Türk Bilimsel Derlemeler Dergisi, 6(1): 7-11.
- Botequilha Leitão, A., Miller, J., Ahern, J. and McGarigal, K. 2006. Measuring Landscapes: A Planner's Handbook. Washington: Island Press.
- Bürgi, M., Hersperger, A.M. and Schneeberger, N. 2004. Driving forces of landscape change-current and new directions, Landscape Ecology, 19: 857-868.
- Coşkun Hepcan, Ç., Özeren, M., Hepcan, Ş. ve Özkan, M.B. 2015. İzmir ili metropol kıyı ilçelerinin peyzaj yapı analizi, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 52(3): 353-362.
- Crews-Meyer, K.A. 2004. Agricultural landscape change and stability in Northeast Thailand: Historical patch-level analysis. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 101: 155-169.
- Çevre ve Şehircilik Bakanlığı. 2017. İzmir-Manisa Planlama Bölgesi 1/100.000 Ölçekli Çevre Düzeni Planı Plan Açıklama Raporu. http://www.csb.gov.tr/db/mpgm/editordosya/ file/CDP_100000/izmir_manisa/PLAN_ACIKLAMA_RAPORU_30122014.pdf. Erişim: Eylül 2017.
- Doygun, N. ve Erdem, Ü. 2012. Bornova İlçesi’nde alan kullanım potansiyeli ile alan kullanım yapısı arasındaki etkileşimlerin belirlenmesi. İnönü Üniversitesi Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 2(5): 141-150.