Effects of Olive Mill Wastes on Runoff, Soil Loss, Drainage, pH and EC in a Loamy Textured Soil

Year 2015, Volume: 52 Issue: 3, 243 - 248, 24.12.2015

Gökçen Yönter , Huriye Uysal

https://doi.org/10.20289/euzfd.78184

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Soil, one of the most important natural resources for human life is lost by erosion. To reduce soil loss, various techniques have been developed. One of these techniques is to apply a variety of organic materials in soils. In this study, a loamy soil sample passed throught 8 mm sieve was placed into erosion pans which have a drain pipe and sized as 30x45x15 cm. Olive mill waste was applied to erosion pans at 4 different doses (0, 10, 20 and 40 t/ha) by 2 different methods (unmixed, and mixed). Artificial rainfall with different intensities (30, 60 and 90 mm/h) were applied on these pans. Soil reaction (pH) and electrical conductivity (EC) values of experimental soils and drained waters were measured. The results indicated that, runoff and soil loss from the erosion pans were decreased and drainage increased significantly by application of olive mill waste. Olive mill waste also effected on pH and EC significantly. It was found that surface applied organic material was more effective than mixed applied organic material on erosion.

Keywords

Olive mill waste, runoff, soil loss, drainage, rain simulator

Zeytin Atığının Tınlı Bünyeli Bir Toprakta Yüzey Akış, Toprak Kaybı, Drenaj, pH ve EC Üzerindeki Etkileri

Abstract

İnsan yaşamının en önemli doğal kaynaklarından biri olan toprak, erozyonla kaybolmaktadır. Toprak kayıplarını azaltmak için çeşitli teknikler geliştirilmektedir. Bu tekniklerden biri de topraklara çeşitli organik materyalleri uygulamaktır. Bu araştırmada, 30x45x15 cm boyutlu ve altında drenaj borusu olan erozyon parseline, 8 mm’den elenmiş tınlı bünyeli toprak örneği
yerleştirilmiş ve zeytin atıığı dört farklı doz (0, 10, 20 ve 40 t/ha) ve iki farklı yöntemle (serme ve karıştırma) uygulanmıştır. Parsellere 30, 60 ve 90 mm/saat yoğunluklarda yapay yağışlar uygulanmıştır. Deneme konusu toprak örneklerinde ve drene olan sularda pH ve elektriksel iletkenlik (EC) değerleri ölçülmüştür. Yağış uygulamalarından sonra elde edilen yüzey akış, toprak kaybı ve drenaj miktarları hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; zeytin atığı yüzey akışı ve toprak kayıplarını önemli düzeylerde azaltırken, drenajı önemli düzeylerde arttırmıştır. Ayrıca zeytin atığı, pH ve EC üzerinde de önemli düzeylerde etkili olmuştur. Sererek uygulanan organik materyal, denemede karıştırma yapılarak uygulanan organik materyalden daha etkili bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Zeytin atığı, yüzey akış, toprak kaybı, drenaj, yapay yağmurlayıcı

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