The Effect of Hyperemesis Gravidarum on Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy Outcomes

Year 2019, Volume: 50 Issue: 1, 50 - 53, 14.03.2019

Özlen Emekçi Özay Ali Cenk Özay

https://doi.org/10.16948/zktipb.439085

Abstract

Objective:  Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is the most
common complication that observed in %50-80 of pregnant women. Approximately %1
of pregnant women experience
severe nausea and vomiting during the first trimester and are diagnosed with
hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). HG is the
major reason for hospitalization before 20 gestational weeks. A relationship
between insulin sensitivity, HG, and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has
been established. In this study, we aimed to assess the impact of HG on GDM and
pregnancy outcomes.

Method: This retrospective
study was conducted at Konya Akşehir State Hospital between 1^st March
2015 and 30^th September 2017. A total of 100 women included in this
study (n:46 hyperemesis, n:54 control). Screening for GDM was performed once
during pregnancy. GDM diagnosis was obtained with a 75-g OGTT, during the second trimester, from 24–28 weeks of
gestation. Main outcomes were gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced
hypertension, fetal birth weight, preterm birth and fetal sex. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0. p < 0.05
was considered as statistically significant.

Results: At initial examination, no significant differences in maternal
age and BMI were observed between the two groups. We found no statistical difference between the groups in
the prevalence of

GDM, pregnancy-induced hypertension, 
fetal birth weight, preterm birth and
fetal sex.

Conclusion: In the
literature, there are many studies that shows negative effects of HG on
maternal and fetal outcomes. In our study, it was found that  HG  is not associated with adverse pregnancy
outcomes. The lack of this study is the small number of patients. More
extensive studies are needed to define long term effects of HG.

Keywords

Hyperemesis gravidarum, gestational diabetes, pregnancy outcomes

Hiperemezis Gravidarumun Gestasyonel Diyabet ve Gebelik Sonuçları Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Giriş: Bulantı ve
kusma, gebe kadınların% 50-80'inde görülen en yaygın komplikasyondur. Gebe
kadınların yaklaşık% 1'i ilk trimesterde şiddetli bulantı ve kusma yaşarlar ve
hiperemezis gravidarum (HG) tanısı alırlar. HG 20. gebelik haftasından önce
hastaneye yatışın ana nedenidir. Önceki çalışmalarda, insülin duyarlılığı, HG
ve gestasyonel diabetes mellitus (GDM) arasında bir ilişki kurulmuştur. Bu
çalışmada, HG’nin, GDM ve gebelik sonuçları üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek
amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve yöntem: Bu
retrospektif çalışma 1 Mart 2015-30 Eylül 2017 tarihleri arasında Konya Akşehir
Devlet Hastanesi'nde yapıldı. Çalışmaya toplam 100 hasta dahil edildi (n: 46 HG,
n: 54 kontrol). GDM için tarama gebelik sırasında bir kez gerçekleştirildi. GDM
tanısı, ikinci trimesterde, 24-28 gebelik haftasından 75 g OGTT ile konuldu.
Başlıca değerlendirilen parametreler; gestasyonel diyabet, gebeliğe bağlı
hipertansiyon, fetal doğum ağırlığı, preterm doğum ve fetal cinsiyet idi. İstatistiksel
analiz SPSS 15.0 kullanılarak yapıldı. p <0.05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
kabul edildi.

Bulgular: İlk
muayenede, iki grup arasında maternal yaş ve VKİ açısından anlamlı bir
farklılık gözlenmedi. GDM prevalansı, gebeliğe bağlı hipertansiyon, fetal doğum
ağırlığı, preterm doğum ve fetal cinsiyet açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadı.

Sonuç: Literatürde
hiperemezis gravidarumun maternal ve fetal sonuçlar üzerine olumsuz etkilerini
gösteren birçok çalışma vardır. Çalışmamızda hiperemezis gravidarumun olumsuz
gebelik sonuçları ile ilişkili olmadığı bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın kısıtlılığı
hasta sayısının az olmasıdır. Hiperemezis gravidarumun uzun dönem etkilerini
tanımlamak için daha kapsamlı çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

hiperemezis gravidarum, gestasyonel diyabet, gebelik sonuçları

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