Annelerin Doğum Sonrası Depresif Duygusal Bozukluklar Açısından Değerlendirilmesi ve Emzirme Üzerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 50 Issue: 1, 58 - 62, 14.03.2019

Sara Erol Nilgün Altuntaş

https://doi.org/10.16948/zktipb.527120

Abstract

Amaç: Doğum
sonrası süreçte annelerde gözlenen depresif duygu-durum değişiklikleri anne,
bebek ve toplum sağlığı bakımından önemlidir. Postpartum depresyon için
geliştirilen tarama testlerinin klinik kullanımları hastalığın önlenmesi, hasta
bireylerin erken tanınması ve tedavi edilmesinin sağlanması için önerilmektedir.
Bu çalışma ile annelerde postpartum depresif duygusal bozukluklar üzerine etki
eden risk faktörlerini ve depresif duygusal bozuklukların emzirme üzerine
etkilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmaktadır.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya
Nisan 2018- Ekim 2018 tarihleri arasında hastanemizde doğum yapan ve çalışmaya
katılmayı kabul eden anneler ve bebekleri dahil edildi. Bu çalışma için yerel
etik komiteden onay alındı. Çalışmaya
katılan annelerin yaşları, gebelik ve doğum sayıları, doğum şekilleri, maddi
durumları, eğitim düzeyleri, eş destekleri, bebeklerinin cinsiyetleri, doğum
ağırlıkları ve gestasyon haftaları, bebeklerin başvuru sırasındaki vücut
ağırlıkları,  beslenme şekilleri ve
hastane yatışlarının olup olmadığı kaydedildi. Tüm annelere EPDS testi ile
postpartum depresyon taraması yapıldı.

Sonuçlar:
Çalışmaya 100 anne- bebek çifti katıldı. Annelerin yaşları median 29 (
19-39)  ve çalışmada spontan vajinal
doğum oranı % 48 idi.  Bebeklerin oğum
ağırlıkları median 3300 gr ( 1700 gr – 4500 gr), gestasyon haftaları  median 38 hafta ( 34 hafta-41 hafta) idi.
EPDS skorunun 10’un üzerinde olması ile anne yaşının büyük olması, anne sütüne
ek olarak mama verilmesi, gebelikte kayıp öyküsünün olması ve bebeğin hastanede
yatışının olması arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif ilişki saptandı.
EPDS skoru 10’un altında olan 58 annenin 48’inin (%82,7) bebeklerini sadece
anne sütü ile beslediği, EPDS puanı 10 ve üzerinde olan 42 annenin 27’sinin (
%64,2) bebeklerini sadece anne sütü ile beslediği saptandı. Bu fark
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu ( p= 0,035).

Tartışma:
Postpartum depresyon açısından risk taşıyan bireylerin önceden belirlenmesi, bu
anneler için psikososyal desteğin daha erken ve güçlü verilmesi bakımından
önemlidir. Postpartum depresyon gelişimin önlenmesi bebeklerin anne sütü ile
beslenme oranlarını artıracaktır. 

Keywords

postpartum depresyon, anne sütü, Edinburgh

Evaluation of Maternal Postpartum Depressive Emotional Disorders and Determination of Their Effects on Breastfeeding

Abstract

Aim: Maternal depressive changes in postpartum period are important for mother, infant and community health. The clinical use of screening tests developed for postpartum depression is recommended for prevention of disease, early diagnosis and treatment of patients. The aims of this study are to evaluate the effective risk factors on postpartum depressive emotional disorders in mothers and to evaluate the effects of depressive emotional disorders on breastfeeding.

Method: Between April 2018 and October 2018, mothers who gave birth in our hospital and who agreed to participate in the study and their babies were included. Approval was obtained from the local ethics committee for this study. Age of mothers, numbers of pregnancies and births, forms of birth, financial conditions, education levels, partner supports, genders of infants, birth weights and gestational weeks, the body weight of infants at the time of application, feeding patterns and whether or not hospitalizations were recorded. All mothers were screened for postpartum depression by EPDS test.

Results: 100
mother-infant couples participated in the study. Median ages of mothers was 29
(19-39) and spontaneous vaginal birth rate was 48%. The median weight of the
infants was 3300 g (1700 g - 4500 g) and gestational weeks were median 38 weeks
(34 weeks - 41 weeks). There was a statistically significant positive
correlation between the EPDS score of more than 10 and maternal age, feeding of
breast milk, the history of loss of pregnancy and the hospitalization of the
baby. It was found that 48
(82.7%) of 58 mothers with EPDS score less than 10 had only breast milk and 27
(64.2%) of 42 mothers with EPDS score of 10 or higher fed their babies only
with breast milk. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.035).

Conclusion:
The prediction of individuals at risk for postpartum depression is important
for providing early and strong psychosocial support to these mothers. Prevention
of postpartum depression will increase the feeding rate of infants with breast
milk.

Keywords

postpartum depression, breast milk, Edinburgh

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