Silajlık Hibrit Mısır Çeşitlerinin Tuzluluğa Toleransı

Öz

Mısır tuza ve tuzlu sulama suyuna hassas bir bitki olduğundan, toprak tuzluluğu mısır üretimi için önemli bir tehlike oluşturmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, üretimde çok fazla verim kaybına uğramamak için ekimi yapılan mısır çeşitlerinin tuz stresine karşı tepkisinin önceden bilinmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de çiftçiler tarafından yaygın olarak kullanılan on üç ticari silajlık mısır hibrit çeşidinin tuz (NaCl) stresine tepkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla bitkiler 14 gün boyunca farklı tuz stres seviyelerine (0, 40, 80 ve 120 mM) maruz bırakılarak tohum çimlenmesi ve erken dönem fide gelişimleri test edilmiştir. Tohum çimlenmesi ve fide gelişiminde test edilen dokuz parametreleri -tohum çimlenme yüzdesi (tçy), ortalama çimlenme süresi (oçs), sürgün uzunluğu (su), kök uzunluğu (ku), taze ağırlık (ta), kuru ağırlık (ka), kuru madde (km), bitki su içeriği (bsi), canlılık indeksi (vi)- için faktör analizi (FA) ile üç temel grup (Biyokütle, Fide Büyüme Gücü ve Tohum Çimlenmesi) oluşturulmuştur. Standartlaştırılmış faktör puanları üzerinde heterojen çeşit varyansı ile yapılan iki yönlü varyans analizi sonucunda; oluşturulan üç temel grup bakımından test edilen farklı tuz stresi seviyelerinde en iyi performansı 'Dekalb-7211' hibrit çeşidinin, en kötü performansı ise "Dekalb-7240" hibrit çeşidinin gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu araştırma sonuçları, mısır ıslahının önemli ve ilk basamaklarından biri olan stres faktörüne karşı toleranslı çeşitlerin belirlenmesine katkı sağlayacak niteliktedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mısır
• Tuzluluk
• Faktör Analizi
• İki-Yönlü ANOVA
• Heterojen Varyansı

Salinity Tolerance of Different Silage Hybrids Maize Cultivars

Öz

Since corn is sensitive to salt and saline irrigation water, soil salinity poses a serious threat to corn production. Therefore, it is important to know in advance the response of the cultivated corn varieties to salt stress in order not to lose too much in production. In this study, it was aimed to determine the response to salt (NaCl) stress of thirteen commercial silage maize hybrid varieties commonly used by farmers in Türkiye. For this purpose, seed germination and early seedling growth were tested by exposing the plants to different salt stress levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 mM) for 14 days. Three basic groups (Biomass, Seedling Growth Vigor and Seed Germination) were established by factor analysis (FA) for the nine parameters -seed germination percentage (sgp), mean germination time (mgt), shoot lenght (sl), root lenght (rl), fresh weight (fw), dry weight(dw), dry matter (dm), plant water content (pwc), vigor index (vi)- tested for seed germination and seedling growth. As a result of the two-way analysis of variance with heterogeneous variance on standardized factor scores; it was determined that 'Dekalb-7211' hybrid cultivar showed the best performance and "Dekalb-7240" hybrid cultivar showed the worst performance in different salt stress levels tested in terms of three main groups formed. The results of this research will contribute to the determination of stress-tolerant varieties, which is one of the important and first steps of maize breeding.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Maize
• Salinity
• Factor analysis (FA)
• Two-way ANOVA
• Heterogeneous variance

Kaynakça

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