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Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment

Mathilde Blaise [1] , Michel Feidt [2]

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The main energy consumption sectors are the residential, industry and transport. In all of them, a part of the energy consumption is not used and generally rejected as heat in the environment. This is named the waste heat. Firstly, the main way is to optimize the process to reduce the fuel consumption. Then, if there is a residual waste heat, a valorization way is to convert this heat into electricity. Some technologies are developed. The main technology is the Organic Rankine Cycle engine. Then, a new concept, named Turbosol, is based on the quasi-isothermal expansion of a water and oil mixture in a nozzle. Some piston engines are also developed, based on Stirling, Ericsson and Joule cycles. All these technologies are named externally heated engines. Some other research studies concern the thermo-electric effect and the thermo-magnetic effect. In this article, a non-exhaustive list, with description and comments on these technologies is proposed. The aim is to assess the potential of them and identify the current limits. To compare the different technologies in first law efficiency terms is not sufficient. Some new criterions are proposed. The first consideration is to assess the heat rate consumption referred to the heat rate available. To assess the quality of waste heat to power conversion, it is pertinent to evaluate the power output divided by the available heat rate. Then, because of the second law, it is pertinent to evaluate the exergy recovery ratio. These new waste heat criterions are compared to the classical first law efficiency in different cases. Then, the main current issue is to produce enough electrical power output to ensure the profitability. Some thermo-economic considerations are proposed, including the impact of a waste heat taxation.

Thermodynamics, energy, exergy, sustainability
• Andrea Lazaretto
• Diogo Queiros-Conde
• Lavinia Grosu
Primary Language en Regular Original Research Article Author: Mathilde Blaise (Primary Author)Institution: Lorraine University, NancyCountry: France Author: Michel FeidtInstitution: Lorraine University, NancyCountry: France
 Bibtex @research article { ijot487951, journal = {International Journal of Thermodynamics}, issn = {1301-9724}, eissn = {2146-1511}, address = {Yaşar DEMİREL}, year = {2019}, volume = {22}, pages = {1 - 7}, doi = {10.5541/ijot.487951}, title = {Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment}, key = {cite}, author = {Blaise, Mathilde and Feidt, Michel} } APA Blaise, M , Feidt, M . (2019). Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 22 (1), 1-7. DOI: 10.5541/ijot.487951 MLA Blaise, M , Feidt, M . "Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment". International Journal of Thermodynamics 22 (2019): 1-7 Chicago Blaise, M , Feidt, M . "Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment". International Journal of Thermodynamics 22 (2019): 1-7 RIS TY - JOUR T1 - Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment AU - Mathilde Blaise , Michel Feidt Y1 - 2019 PY - 2019 N1 - doi: 10.5541/ijot.487951 DO - 10.5541/ijot.487951 T2 - International Journal of Thermodynamics JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 1301-9724-2146-1511 M3 - doi: 10.5541/ijot.487951 UR - https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.487951 Y2 - 2019 ER - EndNote %0 International Journal of Thermodynamics Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment %A Mathilde Blaise , Michel Feidt %T Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment %D 2019 %J International Journal of Thermodynamics %P 1301-9724-2146-1511 %V 22 %N 1 %R doi: 10.5541/ijot.487951 %U 10.5541/ijot.487951 ISNAD Blaise, Mathilde , Feidt, Michel . "Waste Heat Recovery and Conversion into Electricity: Current Solutions and Assessment". International Journal of Thermodynamics 22 / 1 (March 2019): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.5541/ijot.487951