BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Business Views of Democratization in Brazil and Argentina

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 32 - 45, 08.04.2015
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.41782

Öz

The democratization literature discusses various dynamics of regime change including economic development, social classes, political institutions, political culture and international factors. By examining business behavior in different temporal and spatial contexts, the article expects to enhance our understanding of social dynamics of democratization. This study examines the role of business in political change in Brazil and Argentina. The Brazilian case involves temporal comparisons across the 1961-1964 Goulart period, the 1964-1985 military regime, and the New Republic (1985-1990) The Argentine case, on the other hand, includes three periods: the 1976 coup, 1976-1983 military regime and the post-1983 transition to democracy. This article argues that business, as a pragmatic actor, is a contingent democrat. It could be supporter of both democracy and authoritarian rule on the basis of their interest considerations.  

Kaynakça

  • Acuna, Carlos H. 1995. “Business Interests, Dictatorship, and Democracy in Argentina” in Ernest Bartell and Leign Payne (Eds), Business and Democracy in Latin America, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press
  • Acuna, Carlos H. 1998. “Political Struggle and Business Peak Associations: Theoretical Reflections on the Argentine Case” in Francisco Durand & Eduardo Silva (Eds), Organized Business, Economic Change, Democracy in Latin America, Miami: North-South Center Press
  • Bellin, Eva 2000. “Contingent Democrats: Industrialists, Labor, and Democratization in Late-Developing Countries”, World Politics 52 (January): 175-205
  • Cardoso, F.H. 1979. “On the Characterization of Authoritarian Regimes in Latin America” in David Collier (Ed) The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
  • Collier, David 1979. “Overview of the Bureaucratic-Authoritarian Model” in David Collier (Ed), The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
  • E. Silva & F. Durand 1998. “Organized Business and Politics in Latin America” in Francisco Durand & Eduardo Silva (Eds), Organized Business, Economic Change, Democracy in Latin America, Miami: North-South Center Press
  • Erickson, Kenneth P. 1977. The Brazilian Corporative State and Working-Class Politics, Berkeley: University of California Press
  • Gibson Edward 1989, “Nine Cases of the Breakdown of Democracy” in Robert A. Pastor 1989, Democracy in the Americas: Stopping the Pendulum, New York: Holmes & Meier Publications
  • Gibson, Edward 1996. Class and Conservative Parties: Argentina in Comparative Perspective, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press
  • Levitsky, Steven 2005. “Argentina: Democratic Survival amidst Economic Failure” in Frances Hagopian & Scott Mainwaring (Eds) 2005, The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America, New York: Cambridge University Press
  • Lipset, S.M. 1959. “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Democracy”, American Political Science Review
  • Mauceri, Philip 1989. “Nice Cases of Transitions and Consolidation” in Robert A. Pastor 1989, Democracy in the Americas: Stopping the Pendulum, New York: Holmes & Meier Publications
  • Moore, Barrington 1966. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy, Boston: Beacon Press
  • Payne, Leigh A. 1994. Brazilian Industrialists and Democratic Change, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press
  • Payne, Leigh A. 1995a. “Brazilian Business and the Democratic Transition: New Attitudes and Influence” in Ernest Bartell and Leign Payne (Eds), Business and Democracy in Latin America, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press
  • Payne, Leigh H. 1995b. “Bringing Business Back In: Business-State Relations and Democratic Stability in Latin America” in Ernest Bartell and Leign Payne (Eds), Business and Democracy in Latin America, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press
  • Rueschemeyer, Dietrich et al 1992. Capitalist Development and Democracy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
  • Scott Mainwaring & Anibal Perez-Linan 2005, “Latin American Democratization since 1978: Democratic Transitions, Breakdowns, and Erosions” in Frances Hagopian & Scott Mainwaring (Eds), The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America, New York: Cambridge University Press
  • Serra, Jose 1979. “Three Mistaken Theses Regarding the Connection between Industrialization and Authoritarian Regimes” in David Collier (Ed) The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
  • Wairda, Howard J. 2004. Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America: Revisted, Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida
  • Weyland, Kurt 2005. “The Growing Sustainability of Brazil’s Low-Quality
  • Democracy” in Frances Hagopian & Scott Mainwaring (Eds), The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America, New York: Cambridge University Press

Brezilya ve Arjantin’de İş Dünyasının Demokratikleşmeye Bakışları

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 32 - 45, 08.04.2015
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.41782

Öz

Demokratikleşme literatürü siyasal rejim konusunda pek çok dinamikten söz etmektedir; ekonomik kalkınma, sosyal sınıflar, siyasi kurumlar, siyasi kültür ve uluslararası faktörler. Farklı yer ve zamanlarda iş dünyasının siyasi davranışını inceleyen bu makale demokratikleşmenin sosyal dinamiklerini anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmayı hedeflemektedir. Çalışma Brezilya ve Arjantin’deki iş dünyasının ülkelerindeki siyasi rejim değişikliği sürecindeki rolünü incelemektedir. Bunu yaparken her iki ülkedeki üç farkı döneme bakılmaktadır: Brezilya’da 1961–1964 Goulart dönemi, 1964–1985 askeri rejim dönemi ve 1985–1990 Yeni Cumhuriyet Dönemi; Arjantin’de 1976 darbesi, 1976–1983 askeri rejim dönemi ve 1983 sonrası demokrasiye geçiş dönemi. Çalışmanın temel tezi iş dünyasının faydacı bir aktör olarak şartlı demokrat olduğudur. Çıkar değerlendirmesine göre farklı dönemlerde demokrasinin yanında ya da karşısında olabilmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Acuna, Carlos H. 1995. “Business Interests, Dictatorship, and Democracy in Argentina” in Ernest Bartell and Leign Payne (Eds), Business and Democracy in Latin America, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press
  • Acuna, Carlos H. 1998. “Political Struggle and Business Peak Associations: Theoretical Reflections on the Argentine Case” in Francisco Durand & Eduardo Silva (Eds), Organized Business, Economic Change, Democracy in Latin America, Miami: North-South Center Press
  • Bellin, Eva 2000. “Contingent Democrats: Industrialists, Labor, and Democratization in Late-Developing Countries”, World Politics 52 (January): 175-205
  • Cardoso, F.H. 1979. “On the Characterization of Authoritarian Regimes in Latin America” in David Collier (Ed) The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
  • Collier, David 1979. “Overview of the Bureaucratic-Authoritarian Model” in David Collier (Ed), The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
  • E. Silva & F. Durand 1998. “Organized Business and Politics in Latin America” in Francisco Durand & Eduardo Silva (Eds), Organized Business, Economic Change, Democracy in Latin America, Miami: North-South Center Press
  • Erickson, Kenneth P. 1977. The Brazilian Corporative State and Working-Class Politics, Berkeley: University of California Press
  • Gibson Edward 1989, “Nine Cases of the Breakdown of Democracy” in Robert A. Pastor 1989, Democracy in the Americas: Stopping the Pendulum, New York: Holmes & Meier Publications
  • Gibson, Edward 1996. Class and Conservative Parties: Argentina in Comparative Perspective, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press
  • Levitsky, Steven 2005. “Argentina: Democratic Survival amidst Economic Failure” in Frances Hagopian & Scott Mainwaring (Eds) 2005, The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America, New York: Cambridge University Press
  • Lipset, S.M. 1959. “Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Democracy”, American Political Science Review
  • Mauceri, Philip 1989. “Nice Cases of Transitions and Consolidation” in Robert A. Pastor 1989, Democracy in the Americas: Stopping the Pendulum, New York: Holmes & Meier Publications
  • Moore, Barrington 1966. Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy, Boston: Beacon Press
  • Payne, Leigh A. 1994. Brazilian Industrialists and Democratic Change, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press
  • Payne, Leigh A. 1995a. “Brazilian Business and the Democratic Transition: New Attitudes and Influence” in Ernest Bartell and Leign Payne (Eds), Business and Democracy in Latin America, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press
  • Payne, Leigh H. 1995b. “Bringing Business Back In: Business-State Relations and Democratic Stability in Latin America” in Ernest Bartell and Leign Payne (Eds), Business and Democracy in Latin America, Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press
  • Rueschemeyer, Dietrich et al 1992. Capitalist Development and Democracy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
  • Scott Mainwaring & Anibal Perez-Linan 2005, “Latin American Democratization since 1978: Democratic Transitions, Breakdowns, and Erosions” in Frances Hagopian & Scott Mainwaring (Eds), The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America, New York: Cambridge University Press
  • Serra, Jose 1979. “Three Mistaken Theses Regarding the Connection between Industrialization and Authoritarian Regimes” in David Collier (Ed) The New Authoritarianism in Latin America, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
  • Wairda, Howard J. 2004. Authoritarianism and Corporatism in Latin America: Revisted, Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida
  • Weyland, Kurt 2005. “The Growing Sustainability of Brazil’s Low-Quality
  • Democracy” in Frances Hagopian & Scott Mainwaring (Eds), The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America, New York: Cambridge University Press
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Engin Erdem

Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Nisan 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Erdem, E. (2015). Business Views of Democratization in Brazil and Argentina. İnsan Ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 32-45. https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.41782
İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi  Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.