Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2018, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2, 255 - 266, 26.03.2019

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Amend, A. (2018). Analyzing a terrorist’s social media manifesto: The Pittsburgh synagogue shooter’s posts on Gab. Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved from https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/10/28/analyzing-terrorists-social-media-manifestopittsburgh- synagogue-shooters-posts-gab?fbclid=IwAR1X5OVAjNj7v0ktp46Kwm 6SGhKP5naLEKmhFyKblMcK0F4_fEPjKSqhoVg
  • Bannon, S. (2016). This is how Steve Bannon sees the entire world. Buzzfeed. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/lesterfeder/this-is-how-steve-bannon-sees-the-entire-world
  • Bar-On, T. (2011). Transnationalism and the French Nouvelle Droite. Patterns of Prejudice, 45(3), 199‒223.
  • Beinart, P. (2017). The racial and religious paranoia of Trump’s Warsaw speech. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/07/trump-speechpoland/ 532866/
  • Benoist, A. (1992). Tradition. Telos, 94, 82‒88.
  • Benoist, A. (1998). Hayek: A critique. Telos, 110, 74‒104.
  • Benoist, A. (2004). On identity. Telos, 128, 9‒64.
  • Breivik, A. (2011). Introduction: What is political correctness? (Breivik Manifesto 2083). Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/breivikmanifesto/2083/introduction/04
  • Buet, P., & Feder, J. L. (2017). The man who gave white nationalism a new life. BuzzFeed. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeed.com/lesterfeder/the-man-who-gave-white-nationalism-anew- life?utm_term=.ljReLpLpv-.gsdQBmBm7
  • Camus, R. (2012). Le grand remplacement. Neuilly-sur-Seine: Editions David Reinharc.
  • Clover, C. (2016). The unlikely origins of Russia’s manifest destiny. Foreign Policy. Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/07/27/geopolitics-russia-mackinder-eurasia-heartlanddugin- ukraine-eurasianism-manifest-destiny-putin/
  • Cohen, W. D. (2017). How Stephen Miller rode white rage from Duke’s Campus to Trump’s west wing. Vanity Fair. Retrieved from https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/05/stephen-millerduke- donald-trump
  • Dugin, A. (2012). Interview with Alexander Dugin. Counter-Currents. Retrieved from https://www.counter-currents.com/2012/07/interview-with-alexander-dugin/
  • Foer, F. (2017). It’s Putin’s world. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/ archive/2017/03/its-putins-world/513848/
  • Friberg, D. (2017). The birth of Arktos and its role in the Alt-Right. Alt-Right: Reclaiming Our Heritage. Retrieved from https://vikupbitauto.ru/2017/05/31/the-birth-of-arktos-and-its-role-inthe- alt-right/
  • Gilbert, A. (2018). The far-right book every Russian general reads. The Daily Beast. Retrieved from https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-far-right-book-every-russian-general-reads
  • Hamburger, J., & Steinmetz-Jenkins, D. (2018). 1968-2018: Vie et mort du néoconservatisme. Libération. Retrieved from http://www.liberation.fr/debats/2018/04/26/1968-2018-vie-et-mortdu- neoconservatisme_1646114
  • Harkinson, J. (2016). Trump’s newest senior adviser seen as a white nationalist ally. Mother Jones. Retrieved from https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/12/trumps-newest-senior-adviserseen- ally-white-nationalists/
  • Hildreth, M. (2018). Is Stephen Miller a white nationalist? America’s Voice. Retrieved from https:// americasvoice.org/blog/stephen-miller-white-nationalist/
  • Jay, M. (2010). Dialectic of counter-enlightenment: The Frankfurt School as scapegoat of the Lunatic Fringe. Salmagundi, 168-169, 30‒40.
  • Johnson, G. (2012). New right versus old right. Counter-Current. Retrieved from https://www.counter-currents.com/2012/05/new-right-vs-old-right/
  • Johnson, G. (2017). Postmodernism versus identity. Counter-Current. Retrieved from https://www.counter-currents.com/2017/08/postmodernism-vs-identity-2/
  • Kennedy, D. (2016). The French ideologue who inspired the Alt-Right. Daily Beast. Retrieved from https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-french-ideologues-who-inspired-the-alt-right
  • Lind, W. (Ed.). (2004). Political correctness: A short history of an ideology. Retrieved from http://www.nationalists.org/pdf/political_correctness_a_short_history_of_an_ideology.pdf
  • Lowndes, J. (2017). From new class critique to white nationalism: Telos, the Alt Right, and the origins of Trumpism. Konturen. Retrieved from http://journals.oregondigital.org/index.php/konturen/article/view/3977/3755
  • Mammone, A. (2008). The transnational reaction to 1968: Neo-fascist fronts and political cultures in France and Italy. Contemporary European History, 17(2), 213–236.
  • McEvers, K., & Spencer, R. (2016). “We’re not going away”: Alt-Right leader on voice in Trump administration. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2016/11/17/502476139/were-not-goingaway- alt-right-leader-on-voice-in-trump-administration
  • Müller, J. W. (2003). A dangerous mind: Carl Schmitt in Post-War European thought. New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
  • Oliver, S. (2017). Unwrapping the ‘Cultural Marxism’ nonsense the Alt-Right loves. Vice. Retrieved from https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/78mnny/unwrapping-the-conspiracytheory- that-drives-the-alt-right
  • Ravid, B. (2017). We just want to preserve our identity - like Israel and Trump, ‘Le Pen party official tells Haaretz. Haaretz. Retrieved from https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premiumle- pen-party-official-we-just-want-to-preserve-our-identity-like-israel-and-trump-1.5491481
  • Sildman, S. (2017). Trump’s speech in Poland sounded like an Alt-Right manifesto. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/world/2017/7/6/15927590/trump-alt-right-poland-defend-westcivilization- g20
  • Snyder, T. (2017). On tyranny: Twenty lessons from the twentieth century. Danvers, Massachusetts: Tim Duggan Books.
  • Sommerlad, J. (2018). What is the migrant caravan and why is it dominating the US midterm elections? Independent. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/migrant-caravan-what-ismexico- trump-where-today-map-border-midterm-elections-a8608236.html
  • Steigmann-Gall, T. (2017). Star-spangled fascism: American interwar political extremism in comparative perspective. Social History, 42(1), 94‒119.
  • Steinmetz-Jenkins, D. (2014). Between two rights: Julien Freund and the origins of political realism in France. Patterns of Prejudice, 48(3), 248‒264.
  • Thiessen, M. (2017). Trump’s defense of Western civilization is not Alt-Right. Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trumps-defense-of-western-civilization-is-not-altright/ 2017/07/12/aea2afe6-6650-11e7-9928-22d00a47778f_story.html?utm_term=.ec4c8a5a5b4a
  • Trump, D. (2018). Remarks by president Trump to the people of Poland. Whitehouse Briefings. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trumppeople- poland/
  • Umland, A. (2010). Aleksandr Dugin’s transformation from a lunatic fringe figure into a mainstream political publicist, 1980–1998: A case study in the rise of late and post-Soviet Russian fascism. Journal of Eurasian Studies, 1(2), 144‒152.
  • UN News. (2018). Idea of ‘homogenous’ Polish culture is a myth: UN human rights expert. Retrieved from https://news.un.org/en/story/2018/10/1022342
  • Williams, T. C. (2017). The French origins of “You will not replace us”. The New Yorker. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/12/04/the-french-origins-of-you-will-not-replace-us
  • Zwarg, R. (2017). Die Kritische Theorie in Amerika: Das Nachleben einer Tradition. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2, 255 - 266, 26.03.2019

Öz

This article places the intellectual inspirations behind the white nationalism of the Alt-Right in a Transatlantic

context. It does so by first focusing on the late 1960s and the rise of New Right Movements throughout

Europe that sprang up as a response to the New Left, which involved a hatred of liberal internationalism

and multiculturalism, a thorough critique of global capitalism, and, in one way or another, promoted an

identitarian form of race-based politics. The pivotal New Right figure here is Alain de Benoist whose key ideas

this paper will summarize. The paper then shows how Benoist’s thought made its way into United States by

the 1990s. I will conclude by unpacking a strange argument that it was in fact cultural Marxists, and specifically

European émigré thinkers fleeing the Nazis, who provided a model for how the alt-Right could pursue a cultural

revolution that would overthrow liberal understandings of race and identity

Kaynakça

  • Amend, A. (2018). Analyzing a terrorist’s social media manifesto: The Pittsburgh synagogue shooter’s posts on Gab. Southern Poverty Law Center. Retrieved from https://www.splcenter.org/hatewatch/2018/10/28/analyzing-terrorists-social-media-manifestopittsburgh- synagogue-shooters-posts-gab?fbclid=IwAR1X5OVAjNj7v0ktp46Kwm 6SGhKP5naLEKmhFyKblMcK0F4_fEPjKSqhoVg
  • Bannon, S. (2016). This is how Steve Bannon sees the entire world. Buzzfeed. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/lesterfeder/this-is-how-steve-bannon-sees-the-entire-world
  • Bar-On, T. (2011). Transnationalism and the French Nouvelle Droite. Patterns of Prejudice, 45(3), 199‒223.
  • Beinart, P. (2017). The racial and religious paranoia of Trump’s Warsaw speech. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/07/trump-speechpoland/ 532866/
  • Benoist, A. (1992). Tradition. Telos, 94, 82‒88.
  • Benoist, A. (1998). Hayek: A critique. Telos, 110, 74‒104.
  • Benoist, A. (2004). On identity. Telos, 128, 9‒64.
  • Breivik, A. (2011). Introduction: What is political correctness? (Breivik Manifesto 2083). Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/site/breivikmanifesto/2083/introduction/04
  • Buet, P., & Feder, J. L. (2017). The man who gave white nationalism a new life. BuzzFeed. Retrieved from https://www.buzzfeed.com/lesterfeder/the-man-who-gave-white-nationalism-anew- life?utm_term=.ljReLpLpv-.gsdQBmBm7
  • Camus, R. (2012). Le grand remplacement. Neuilly-sur-Seine: Editions David Reinharc.
  • Clover, C. (2016). The unlikely origins of Russia’s manifest destiny. Foreign Policy. Retrieved from https://foreignpolicy.com/2016/07/27/geopolitics-russia-mackinder-eurasia-heartlanddugin- ukraine-eurasianism-manifest-destiny-putin/
  • Cohen, W. D. (2017). How Stephen Miller rode white rage from Duke’s Campus to Trump’s west wing. Vanity Fair. Retrieved from https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/05/stephen-millerduke- donald-trump
  • Dugin, A. (2012). Interview with Alexander Dugin. Counter-Currents. Retrieved from https://www.counter-currents.com/2012/07/interview-with-alexander-dugin/
  • Foer, F. (2017). It’s Putin’s world. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/ archive/2017/03/its-putins-world/513848/
  • Friberg, D. (2017). The birth of Arktos and its role in the Alt-Right. Alt-Right: Reclaiming Our Heritage. Retrieved from https://vikupbitauto.ru/2017/05/31/the-birth-of-arktos-and-its-role-inthe- alt-right/
  • Gilbert, A. (2018). The far-right book every Russian general reads. The Daily Beast. Retrieved from https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-far-right-book-every-russian-general-reads
  • Hamburger, J., & Steinmetz-Jenkins, D. (2018). 1968-2018: Vie et mort du néoconservatisme. Libération. Retrieved from http://www.liberation.fr/debats/2018/04/26/1968-2018-vie-et-mortdu- neoconservatisme_1646114
  • Harkinson, J. (2016). Trump’s newest senior adviser seen as a white nationalist ally. Mother Jones. Retrieved from https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2016/12/trumps-newest-senior-adviserseen- ally-white-nationalists/
  • Hildreth, M. (2018). Is Stephen Miller a white nationalist? America’s Voice. Retrieved from https:// americasvoice.org/blog/stephen-miller-white-nationalist/
  • Jay, M. (2010). Dialectic of counter-enlightenment: The Frankfurt School as scapegoat of the Lunatic Fringe. Salmagundi, 168-169, 30‒40.
  • Johnson, G. (2012). New right versus old right. Counter-Current. Retrieved from https://www.counter-currents.com/2012/05/new-right-vs-old-right/
  • Johnson, G. (2017). Postmodernism versus identity. Counter-Current. Retrieved from https://www.counter-currents.com/2017/08/postmodernism-vs-identity-2/
  • Kennedy, D. (2016). The French ideologue who inspired the Alt-Right. Daily Beast. Retrieved from https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-french-ideologues-who-inspired-the-alt-right
  • Lind, W. (Ed.). (2004). Political correctness: A short history of an ideology. Retrieved from http://www.nationalists.org/pdf/political_correctness_a_short_history_of_an_ideology.pdf
  • Lowndes, J. (2017). From new class critique to white nationalism: Telos, the Alt Right, and the origins of Trumpism. Konturen. Retrieved from http://journals.oregondigital.org/index.php/konturen/article/view/3977/3755
  • Mammone, A. (2008). The transnational reaction to 1968: Neo-fascist fronts and political cultures in France and Italy. Contemporary European History, 17(2), 213–236.
  • McEvers, K., & Spencer, R. (2016). “We’re not going away”: Alt-Right leader on voice in Trump administration. Retrieved from https://www.npr.org/2016/11/17/502476139/were-not-goingaway- alt-right-leader-on-voice-in-trump-administration
  • Müller, J. W. (2003). A dangerous mind: Carl Schmitt in Post-War European thought. New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
  • Oliver, S. (2017). Unwrapping the ‘Cultural Marxism’ nonsense the Alt-Right loves. Vice. Retrieved from https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/78mnny/unwrapping-the-conspiracytheory- that-drives-the-alt-right
  • Ravid, B. (2017). We just want to preserve our identity - like Israel and Trump, ‘Le Pen party official tells Haaretz. Haaretz. Retrieved from https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premiumle- pen-party-official-we-just-want-to-preserve-our-identity-like-israel-and-trump-1.5491481
  • Sildman, S. (2017). Trump’s speech in Poland sounded like an Alt-Right manifesto. Retrieved from https://www.vox.com/world/2017/7/6/15927590/trump-alt-right-poland-defend-westcivilization- g20
  • Snyder, T. (2017). On tyranny: Twenty lessons from the twentieth century. Danvers, Massachusetts: Tim Duggan Books.
  • Sommerlad, J. (2018). What is the migrant caravan and why is it dominating the US midterm elections? Independent. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/migrant-caravan-what-ismexico- trump-where-today-map-border-midterm-elections-a8608236.html
  • Steigmann-Gall, T. (2017). Star-spangled fascism: American interwar political extremism in comparative perspective. Social History, 42(1), 94‒119.
  • Steinmetz-Jenkins, D. (2014). Between two rights: Julien Freund and the origins of political realism in France. Patterns of Prejudice, 48(3), 248‒264.
  • Thiessen, M. (2017). Trump’s defense of Western civilization is not Alt-Right. Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/trumps-defense-of-western-civilization-is-not-altright/ 2017/07/12/aea2afe6-6650-11e7-9928-22d00a47778f_story.html?utm_term=.ec4c8a5a5b4a
  • Trump, D. (2018). Remarks by president Trump to the people of Poland. Whitehouse Briefings. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trumppeople- poland/
  • Umland, A. (2010). Aleksandr Dugin’s transformation from a lunatic fringe figure into a mainstream political publicist, 1980–1998: A case study in the rise of late and post-Soviet Russian fascism. Journal of Eurasian Studies, 1(2), 144‒152.
  • UN News. (2018). Idea of ‘homogenous’ Polish culture is a myth: UN human rights expert. Retrieved from https://news.un.org/en/story/2018/10/1022342
  • Williams, T. C. (2017). The French origins of “You will not replace us”. The New Yorker. Retrieved from https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/12/04/the-french-origins-of-you-will-not-replace-us
  • Zwarg, R. (2017). Die Kritische Theorie in Amerika: Das Nachleben einer Tradition. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Daniel Steinmetz-jenkins Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Mart 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Steinmetz-jenkins, D. (2019). The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, 38(2), 255-266.
AMA Steinmetz-jenkins D. The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. Mart 2019;38(2):255-266.
Chicago Steinmetz-jenkins, Daniel. “The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right”. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology 38, sy. 2 (Mart 2019): 255-66.
EndNote Steinmetz-jenkins D (01 Mart 2019) The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology 38 2 255–266.
IEEE D. Steinmetz-jenkins, “The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right”, İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, c. 38, sy. 2, ss. 255–266, 2019.
ISNAD Steinmetz-jenkins, Daniel. “The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right”. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology 38/2 (Mart 2019), 255-266.
JAMA Steinmetz-jenkins D. The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. 2019;38:255–266.
MLA Steinmetz-jenkins, Daniel. “The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right”. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology, c. 38, sy. 2, 2019, ss. 255-66.
Vancouver Steinmetz-jenkins D. The European Intellectual Origins of the Alt-Right. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. 2019;38(2):255-66.