A Research on Species Diversity and Ethno Botanical Utilization of Lamiaceae Family in Southern Turkey

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1, 90 - 107, 01.04.2019

İlker Çinbilgel , Yusuf Kurt

https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufenbed.449607

Cited By: 4

Öz

Lamiaceae/Labiatae
family includes the highest number of commercially used species such as mint,
rosemary, thyme, oregano, lavender, marjoram and sage. These species are
generally used as flavoring additives in meat dishes, sausage products,
seafood, stews, salads, canned foods, sauces and soups. In this study, the species
diversity of Lamiaceae family members in Akseki-İbradı-Manavgat districts of Antalya
in southern Turkey and their ethnobotanical utilization in the region and in
the literatures were presented. 149 taxa (131 at species level) belonging to 27
genera of Lamiaceae were identified in the study area. Of these, 50 taxa (33.56%)
are endemic to Turkey. The native people harvest species from wild populations
and generally air-dry them under sun or on shadow places. They consume and sell
mainly air-dried Origanum onites
(Turkish oregano) leaves. They obtain essential oil traditionally by steam
distillation from Origanum majorana
(white marjoram) due to its high oil yield and efficiency. Herbal treatments
are used for cure various diseases such as strong cough, chronic cold, wounds,
gastrointestinal disorders and skin problems. Wild-crafting of populations may
cause genetic erosion of the species. The sustainability of these species
should be maintained by genetic resource conservation programs by in situ and ex situ conservation strategies.    

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ethnobotany, Lamiaceae, Oregano, Traditional knowledge, Variation

Türkiye'nin Güneyinde Lamiaceae Ailesinin Tür Çeşitliliği ve Etnobotanik Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Öz

Ballıbabagiller (Lamiaceae/Labiatae) ailesi nane,
biberiye, kekik, mercanköşk, lavanta ve adaçayı gibi en fazla ticari olarak
kullanılan türleri içerir. Bu türler genellikle et yemekleri, sucuk, deniz
ürünleri, güveçler, salatalar, konserve yiyecekler, soslar ve çorbalarda lezzet
verici olarak kullanılır. Bu çalışmada, Akseki-İbradı-Manavgat (Antalya)
ilçelerinde yayılış gösteren  Lamiaceae
ailesine ait türlerin çeşitliliği ile bunların bölgedeki ve kaynaklardaki etnobotanik
kullanımları sunulmuştur. Çalışma alanında, Lamiaceae’nin 27 cinsine ait 149 takson
(131 tür) tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan 50 takson (%33.56) Türkiye’ye özgü olan
endemik bitkilerdir. Yöre halkı, kullanacakları türleri doğal popülasyonlardan
toplayıp genellikle güneş altında veya gölge yerlerde kurutmaktadır. Yöre halkı,
başlıca kuru Origanum onites (Türk
Kekiği)’i tüketir ve satar. Yüksek yağ verimi ve etkinliği nedeniyle geleneksel
olarak Origanum majorana
(Akkekik)’dan damıtma ile yağ elde edilmektedir. Elde edilen bitkisel ürünler,
yöre halkı tarafından şiddetli öksürük, kronik soğuk algınlığı, yaralar,
mide-bağırsak bozuklukları ve cilt problemleri gibi çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde
kullanılmaktadır. Bitki örneklerinin aşırı bir şekilde doğadan yabanıl
populasyonlardan toplanması türlerin genetik erozyona uğramasına sebep
olabilir.  Doğal popülasyonların sürdürülebilirliğini
sağlamak için, in situ ve ex situ koruma yöntemleri gibi farklı genetik kaynak
koruma programları uygulanmalıdır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lamiaceae, Etnobotanik, Kekik, Geleneksel bilgi, Varyasyon

Kaynakça

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