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Mehmed Esref Dede (1882-1962) is one of the Sufi and poet characters who lived in the last period of the Ottoman Empire and the first years of the Republic and witnessed all the social, political and economic changes that emerged during the transition period from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic. The first information about Mehmed Esref Dede that has survived to our time is found in the sections devoted to Mehmed Esref Dede in the notebook written by Calligrapher Emrullah Demirkaya in rika calligraphy. Mehmed Esref Dede, who was initiated into Mevlevism, completed his ordeal and received the title of "Dede", assumed many duties in Mevlevi lodges in Istanbul, Bursa, Kastamonu and Konya. With the closure of the dervish lodges, Mehmed Esref Dede retired from these duties for a long part of his life, his last years were filled with many difficulties, and in 1962 he died in need of care in the room of the house he rented in Kastamonu. Six works of Mehmed Esref Dede, titled Nüsha-i Kübrâ, Dîvân, Âyîn-i Tarîkat-ı Mevlânâ, Gıdâu'r-Ruhâniyye fî Tarîki'l-'İrfâniyye, Hak Yolu, Sûr-ı Tevhîd Çerâğ-ı İmân, were identified in the studies on him. Among these works, a master's thesis was made on Nüsha-i Kübrâ and his works titled Dîvân and Âyîn-i Tarîkat-ı Mevlânâ were published. Among the related works, Sûr-ı Tevhîd Çerâğ-ı İmân is the only work of Mehmed Esref Dede about which there is no information. In only one of the studies on Mehmed Esref Dede, information about the work is given at the catalog level and it is emphasized that the work may belong to another Esref Dede with the same name. In this study, firstly, information about the life and works of Mehmed Esref Dede is given, and then the authorship of the work titled Sûr-ı Tevhîd Çerâğ-ı Îmân, which was written from a Sufi perspective on the meanings of the kelime-i tevhîd, is determined. The study, which focuses on Mehmed Eşref Dede's reason for writing his work, its sections, subject matter, content, and sources, aims to make a contribution to the Mevlevi literature of late period and Mevlevism.