Effects of Pressing Time on Some Technological Properties of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Produced Using Nylon Waste as Adhesive
Öz
It is
desired the wood composite materials which have broaden using areas in human
residence have no negative effects on human health and environment. But because
of formaldehyde content of most of resins used in wood based composite
production, wood composite materials have been seen a threat on human health
and environment. Therefore, numerous studies have been made to develop an
effective method to decrease formaldehyde emission from the wood based panels
and various methods have been tried.
The aim of the study was to investigate those effects of pressing time
on some technological properties of nylon composite LVL. Poplar (Populus deltoides) veneers were used to
produce nylon composite LVL. Three different pressing time (8, 10, 12 minutes)
and pressing temperature 140 °C were chosen as press parameters in the
manufacturing of nylon composite LVL. Bonding strength, bending strength,
modulus of elasticity, density and equilibrium moisture content of nylon
composite LVL panels were determined according to TS EN 314-1, TS EN 310, TS EN
323 and TS EN 322, respectively. The experimental results showed that
technological properties of panels generally increased with decreasing pressing
time.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aydin, I., Demirkir, C., Colak, S. & Colakoglu, G., (2010). Evaluation of Flours of Different Wood Barks as Filler in Plywood Panels. Third National Karadeniz Forestry Congress, Artvin, Turkey, May 20-22, pp. 1825-1833.
- Burdurlu, E., Kilic, M., Ilce, A.C. & Uzunkavak, O., (2007). The Effect of Ply Organization And Loading on Bending Strength and Modulus of Elasticity in Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Obtained From Beech (Fagus Orientalis L.) and Lombardy Poplar (Populus nigra L.). Constr Build Mater, 21, 1720-1725.
- Colak, S. & Colakoglu, G., (2004). Volatile Acetic Acid and Formaldehyde Emission From Plywood Treated With Boron Compound. Building and Environment, 39, 533–536.
- Colak, S., Ozturk, H. & Demir, A., (2016). Some Techonological Properties of Plywood Produced Using With Nylon Waste As Adhesive. İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (2), 21-27.
- Colakoglu, G., (1993). Effect of the Production Parameter on Formaldehyde Emission and Technical Properties of Plywood. PhD thesis, KTU Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 21 p., Trabzon.
- DIN 68705-3. (2003). Structure Plywood. German Standards Institute, Verlag.
- Frihart, C.R., (2005). Wood Adhesion and Adhesives. In: Rowell RM (ed) Handbook of wood Chemistry and Wood Composites. CRC, Florida, pp. 225.
- Gaff, M. & Gasparik, M., (2015). Influence of Densification on Bending Strength of Laminated Beech Wood. BioResources, 10 (1), 1506-1518.
- IARC. (2004). Overall Evaluations on Carcinogenicity to Humans. In: As evaluated in IARC monographs, vol. 1. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer.Jianying, X., Tao, J., Yingyan, G., Min, Z. & Xia Z., (2010). Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission of Wood-based Panels. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE), 4th International Conference, Chengdu, Chine, June 18-20, pp. 1-3.
- Kajaks, J., Reihmane, S., Grinbergs, U. & Kalnins, K., (2012). Use of Innovative Environmentally Friendly Adhesives for Wood Veneer Bonding. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, 61 (3), 207–211.
- Kamala, B.S., Kumar, P., Rao, R.V. & Sharma, S.N., (1999). Performance Test of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) From Rubber Wood for Different Physical and Mechanical Properties. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 57, 114-116.
- Kofi, A.O., (2014). Production of Particleboard Using Sawdust and Plastic Waste. Master Thesis, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana.Melo, R.R. & Menezzi, C.H.S.D., (2014). Influence of Veneer Thickness on The Properties of Lvl From Parica´ (Schizolobium Amazonicum) Plantation Trees. Eur. J. Wood Prod., 72, 191–198.
- Nelson, S., (1997). Structural Composite Lumber. In: Engineered Wood Products: A Guide for Specifi ers, Designers, and Users (Ed. S. Smulski). PFS Research Foundation, Madison, pp. 174-152.
- Resmi Gazete, 2014. Ulusal Geri Dönüşüm Strateji Belgesi ve Eylem Planı 2014-2017, T.C. Bilim ve Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı, Sanayi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
- Shukla, S.R. & Kamdem, D.P., (2009). Properties of Laboratory Made Yellow Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) Laminated Veneer Lumber: Effect of the Adhesives. Eur. J. Wood Prod, 67, 397–405.
- Souza, F., Del Menezzi, C.H.S. & Bortoletto, G. Jr., (2011). Material Properties and Nondestructive Evaluation of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Made From Pinus Oocarpa and P. kesiya. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 69 (2),183-192.
- TS EN 310, (1999). Wood based panels. Determination of modulus of elasticity in bending and of bending strength. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
- TS EN 314-1, (1998). Plywood - Bonding quality - Part 1: Test methods. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
- TS EN 322, (1999). Wood-based panels-Determination of moisture content. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
- TS EN 323-1, (1999). Wood- Based panels- Determination of density. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
Effects of Pressing Time on Some Technological Properties of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Produced Using Nylon Waste as Adhesive
Öz
Yaşam alanlarındaki kullanımı genişleyen
ahşap kompozit malzemelerin, insan sağlığı ve çevre üzerinde olumsuz bir
etkisinin olmaması istenmektedir. Ancak odun esaslı kompozit üretiminde
kullanılan tutkalların çoğunun formaldehit içeriği nedeniyle, odun kompozit
malzemelerinin insan sağlığı ve çevre üzerinde bir tehdit oluşturduğu
görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, ahşap esaslı panellerden formaldehit emisyonunu
azaltmak için, etkili bir yöntem geliştirme amacıyla çok sayıda çalışma
yapılmış ve çeşitli yöntemler denenmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, presleme süresinin
naylon kompozit LVL'nin bazı teknolojik özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerini
araştırmaktır. Naylon kompozit LVL üretmek için Kavak (Populus deltoides) kaplamaları kullanılmıştır. Naylon kompozit LVL
imalatında pres parametreleri olarak üç farklı presleme süresi (8, 10, 12 dakika)
ve presleme sıcaklığı 140 °C seçilmiştir. Naylon kompozit LVL panellerin
yapışma dayanımı, eğilme dayanımı, elastikiyet modülü, yoğunluk ve denge
rutubet miktarı sırasıyla TS EN 314-1, TS EN 310, TS EN 323 ve TS EN 322'ye
göre belirlenmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar panellerin teknolojik özelliklerinin
genellikle presleme süresinin azalmasıyla arttığını göstermiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Aydin, I., Demirkir, C., Colak, S. & Colakoglu, G., (2010). Evaluation of Flours of Different Wood Barks as Filler in Plywood Panels. Third National Karadeniz Forestry Congress, Artvin, Turkey, May 20-22, pp. 1825-1833.
- Burdurlu, E., Kilic, M., Ilce, A.C. & Uzunkavak, O., (2007). The Effect of Ply Organization And Loading on Bending Strength and Modulus of Elasticity in Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Obtained From Beech (Fagus Orientalis L.) and Lombardy Poplar (Populus nigra L.). Constr Build Mater, 21, 1720-1725.
- Colak, S. & Colakoglu, G., (2004). Volatile Acetic Acid and Formaldehyde Emission From Plywood Treated With Boron Compound. Building and Environment, 39, 533–536.
- Colak, S., Ozturk, H. & Demir, A., (2016). Some Techonological Properties of Plywood Produced Using With Nylon Waste As Adhesive. İleri Teknoloji Bilimleri Dergisi, 5 (2), 21-27.
- Colakoglu, G., (1993). Effect of the Production Parameter on Formaldehyde Emission and Technical Properties of Plywood. PhD thesis, KTU Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 21 p., Trabzon.
- DIN 68705-3. (2003). Structure Plywood. German Standards Institute, Verlag.
- Frihart, C.R., (2005). Wood Adhesion and Adhesives. In: Rowell RM (ed) Handbook of wood Chemistry and Wood Composites. CRC, Florida, pp. 225.
- Gaff, M. & Gasparik, M., (2015). Influence of Densification on Bending Strength of Laminated Beech Wood. BioResources, 10 (1), 1506-1518.
- IARC. (2004). Overall Evaluations on Carcinogenicity to Humans. In: As evaluated in IARC monographs, vol. 1. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer.Jianying, X., Tao, J., Yingyan, G., Min, Z. & Xia Z., (2010). Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission of Wood-based Panels. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE), 4th International Conference, Chengdu, Chine, June 18-20, pp. 1-3.
- Kajaks, J., Reihmane, S., Grinbergs, U. & Kalnins, K., (2012). Use of Innovative Environmentally Friendly Adhesives for Wood Veneer Bonding. Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, 61 (3), 207–211.
- Kamala, B.S., Kumar, P., Rao, R.V. & Sharma, S.N., (1999). Performance Test of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) From Rubber Wood for Different Physical and Mechanical Properties. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 57, 114-116.
- Kofi, A.O., (2014). Production of Particleboard Using Sawdust and Plastic Waste. Master Thesis, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana.Melo, R.R. & Menezzi, C.H.S.D., (2014). Influence of Veneer Thickness on The Properties of Lvl From Parica´ (Schizolobium Amazonicum) Plantation Trees. Eur. J. Wood Prod., 72, 191–198.
- Nelson, S., (1997). Structural Composite Lumber. In: Engineered Wood Products: A Guide for Specifi ers, Designers, and Users (Ed. S. Smulski). PFS Research Foundation, Madison, pp. 174-152.
- Resmi Gazete, 2014. Ulusal Geri Dönüşüm Strateji Belgesi ve Eylem Planı 2014-2017, T.C. Bilim ve Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanlığı, Sanayi Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
- Shukla, S.R. & Kamdem, D.P., (2009). Properties of Laboratory Made Yellow Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) Laminated Veneer Lumber: Effect of the Adhesives. Eur. J. Wood Prod, 67, 397–405.
- Souza, F., Del Menezzi, C.H.S. & Bortoletto, G. Jr., (2011). Material Properties and Nondestructive Evaluation of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Made From Pinus Oocarpa and P. kesiya. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products, 69 (2),183-192.
- TS EN 310, (1999). Wood based panels. Determination of modulus of elasticity in bending and of bending strength. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
- TS EN 314-1, (1998). Plywood - Bonding quality - Part 1: Test methods. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
- TS EN 322, (1999). Wood-based panels-Determination of moisture content. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
- TS EN 323-1, (1999). Wood- Based panels- Determination of density. Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2019 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 1 Kasım 2019 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 10 Aralık 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4 |
Cited By
Multicriteria Evaluation of Structural Composite Lumber Products
Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.833750
