The Effect of Meteorological Events and Air Pollution on the Occurrence of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Objective

An important source of mortality and morbidity, the incidence of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), is increased by definite risk factors. The need to establish the role of a comprehensive list of meteorological and air pollution parameters on STEMI is ongoing. Herein, we aimed to determine the role of several meteorological events and air pollution parameters on the rate of STEMI.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study was approved by the Baskent University Medical and Health Sciences Research Committee (Project No: KA 16/176; Date of approval: 26.04.2016). It included patients who presented to the Adult Emergency Department of Baskent University Ankara Hospital and who were diagnosed with STEMI between April 2011 and December 2015.

Results

During the 1709-day study window, 246 patients presented with STEMI. No significant correlation was found between weather events and STEMI incidence. According to a four-day lag analysis of the effects of meteorological variables on STEMI incidence, no significant differences existed between maximum, average and minimum air temperature and pressure levels. In contrast, minimum humidity was positively correlated to STEMI admission at lag2 (odds ratio [OR] 95%; confidence interval [CI] 0.986 [0.972–0.999]; p = 0.036). Among the air pollution parameters, only nitric oxide (OR 0.992; CI 95% [0.987–0.998]; p = 0.006) and nitrogen oxide (OR 0.994; CI 95% [0.990–0.999]; p = 0.010) were significantly correlated to STEMI incidence at lag2.

Conclusion

Our study clearly demonstrated that air pollution is correlated to increased STEMI admission. Believe that improving the environment and conducting preventive healthcare would reduce the incidence of STEMI.

Keywords

• Air pollution,meteorology,myocardial infarction

Meteorolojik Olayların ve Hava Kirliliğinin ST Elevasyonlu Miyokard İnfarktüsü Oluşumuna Etkisi

Öz

Giriş

Mortalite ve morbiditenin önemli bir kaynağı olan ST-segment elevasyonlu miyokard infarktüsünün (STEMI) insidansı, belirli risk faktörleri nedeniyle artmaktadır. Meteorolojik ve hava kirliliği parametrelerinin STEMI üzerine rolünün kapsamlı bir listesinin saptanmasına ihtiyaç devam

etmektedir. Bu noktada, çeşitli meteorolojik olayların ve hava kirliliği parametrelerinin STEMI oranına etkisini ortaya koymayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem

Bu retrospektif çalışma STEMI tanısı almış hastaları kapsamaktadır. Hastalara ait demografik veriler, Ankara için günlük hava sıcaklıkları (°C), nem (%), deniz seviyesindeki hava basıncı (hPa), hava olayları (yağmur, kar, sis, fırtına, dolu) ve hava kirliliği verileri elde edildi.

Sonuçlar

1709 günlük çalışma periyodunda 246 hasta STEMI ile başvurdu. Hava olayları ve STEMI insidansı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu. Meteorolojik değişkenlerin STEMI insidansı üzerine etkilerinin 4 günlük lag analizine göre maksimum, ortalama ve minimum hava sıcaklığı ve basıncı seviyeleri arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Buna karşın minimum nem, STEMI başvurularıyla lag2’de pozitif yönde koreleydi (odds oranı [OR] 95%; güven aralığı [CI] 0.986 [0.972–0.999]; p = 0.036). Hava kirliliği parametreleri arasında yalnızca nitrik oksit (OR 0.992; CI 95%

[0.987–0.998]; p =0.006) ve nitrojen oksit (OR 0.994; CI 95% [0.990–0.999]; p = 0.010) lag2’de STEMI insidansı ile anlamlı biçimde koreleydi.

Sonuç

Çalışmamızın sonuçları hava kirliliğinin artmış STEMI başvurularıyla korele olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymuştur. Çevreyle ilgili iyileştirme çalışmalarının ve koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinin yürütülmesinin STEMI insidansını azaltacağına inanmaktayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• ava kirliliği,meteoroloji,miyokard infarktüsu

Kaynakça

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